Tilichiki
Encyclopedia
Tilichiki is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Olyutorsky District
of Koryak Okrug of Kamchatka Krai, Russia
. It is located on the Korfa Bay
of the Kamchatka Peninsula
. Tilichiki Airport
is located to the south of it, and it is also connected by ferry
service to the port village of Korf
. The 2006 Kamchatka earthquake
was centered nearby.
s which caused substantial damage. The first quake occurred on April 21 and had a magnitude
of 7.6. The epicenter
was nearly 90 kilometres (55.9 mi) northeast of the town at a depth of 22 kilometres (13.7 mi) under mostly unpopulated areas. This was followed by several aftershocks, and on April 29, a further earth tremor with a magnitude of 6.6 was recorded. This was the strongest earthquake in the region for over a hundred years, and although there were no fatalities, three of the smaller villages were completely destroyed.
Tilichiki was re-built after the quake, as it is the most important populated place for more than 1000 kilometres (621.4 mi) of coast between Anadyr
in the north, and Ust-Kamchatsk
in the south.
, on the shores of Skrytaya Harbor, separated by a narrow spit
from the northern part of the Korfa Bay
in the Bering Sea
.
Korf and Tilichiki have a subarctic climate
(Köppen
Dfc) though owing to their maritime location the winters are not so severe as at the same latitude in interior Siberia - for instance the mean temperature of the coldest month is as much as 15°C (27°F) less severe than in Olyokminsk
at the same latitude near the “cold pole”. Precipitation also shows the pronounced maritime influence, with annual averages being typical of Kamchatka and around three or four times those of interior Siberia at the same latitude. The heavier snow cover and milder winter temperatures mean that in spite of the mean temperature of the warmest month not reaching beyond 12.5 °C (54.5 °F), permafrost
is only discontinuous. Strong winds, however, limit tree growth severely.
Olyutorsky District
Olyutorsky District is an administrative and municipal district of Koryak Okrug of Kamchatka Krai, Russia; one of the eleven in the krai. Its administrative center is the rural locality of Tilichiki. District's population: Population of Tilichiki accounts for 29.4% of the district's population....
of Koryak Okrug of Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. It is located on the Korfa Bay
Korfa Bay
The Korfa Bay is a bay on the Kamchatka coast of the Bering Sea in Russia. It is approximately triangular being about 70 km wide at the mouth and extending inland about 75 km. On the west side, the Il'pinsky Peninsula separates it from Anapka Bay which forms the north end of Karaginsky...
of the Kamchatka Peninsula
Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula is a peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of . It lies between the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Sea of Okhotsk to the west...
. Tilichiki Airport
Tilichiki Airport
Tilichiki is an airport in Kamchatka Krai, Russia located 5 km south of Tilichiki. It services small transport aircraft and is located on a sand islet....
is located to the south of it, and it is also connected by ferry
Ferry
A ferry is a form of transportation, usually a boat, but sometimes a ship, used to carry primarily passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate on regular, frequent, return services...
service to the port village of Korf
Korf
Korf is a port village on a narrow sand spit opposite Tilichiki in Olyutorsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia. It was established on the coast of the Skrytaya Harbor of the Korfa Bay as a settlement of salmon fishers in 1925. It is connected to Tilichiki by ferry and to other neighbouring...
. The 2006 Kamchatka earthquake
2006 Kamchatka earthquakes
The 2006 Kamchatka earthquakes were a series of powerful earthquakes that started on April 20, 2006 at 23:25 UTC as a major quake with the magnitude of 7.6 on the Richter scale. The epicenter was located near coast of Koryak Autonomous Okrug at 61.075°N, 167.085°E at an estimated depth of...
was centered nearby.
History
Tilichiki was established in 1898, and in 1930 it became the administrative center of the district. In April 2006, the village was struck by a series of earthquakeEarthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
s which caused substantial damage. The first quake occurred on April 21 and had a magnitude
Richter magnitude scale
The expression Richter magnitude scale refers to a number of ways to assign a single number to quantify the energy contained in an earthquake....
of 7.6. The epicenter
Epicenter
The epicenter or epicentre is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or underground explosion originates...
was nearly 90 kilometres (55.9 mi) northeast of the town at a depth of 22 kilometres (13.7 mi) under mostly unpopulated areas. This was followed by several aftershocks, and on April 29, a further earth tremor with a magnitude of 6.6 was recorded. This was the strongest earthquake in the region for over a hundred years, and although there were no fatalities, three of the smaller villages were completely destroyed.
Tilichiki was re-built after the quake, as it is the most important populated place for more than 1000 kilometres (621.4 mi) of coast between Anadyr
Anadyr (town)
Anadyr is a port town and the administrative centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the extreme north-eastern region of Russia. It is at the mouth of the Anadyr River, on the tip of the southern promontory that sticks out into Anadyrskiy Liman...
in the north, and Ust-Kamchatsk
Ust-Kamchatsk
Ust-Kamchatsk is a settlement in Kamchatka Krai, Russia, located on the eastern shore of the Kamchatka Peninsula at the mouth of the Kamchatka River some away from the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano and from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Population: 4,400 ; Ust-Kamchatsk was founded in 1731 as a...
in the south.
Geography and climate
Tilichiki lies in the northeast of the Kamchatka PeninsulaKamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula is a peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of . It lies between the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Sea of Okhotsk to the west...
, on the shores of Skrytaya Harbor, separated by a narrow spit
Spit (landform)
A spit or sandspit is a deposition landform found off coasts. At one end, spits connect to land, and extend into the sea. A spit is a type of bar or beach that develops where a re-entrant occurs, such as at cove's headlands, by the process of longshore drift...
from the northern part of the Korfa Bay
Korfa Bay
The Korfa Bay is a bay on the Kamchatka coast of the Bering Sea in Russia. It is approximately triangular being about 70 km wide at the mouth and extending inland about 75 km. On the west side, the Il'pinsky Peninsula separates it from Anapka Bay which forms the north end of Karaginsky...
in the Bering Sea
Bering Sea
The Bering Sea is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It comprises a deep water basin, which then rises through a narrow slope into the shallower water above the continental shelves....
.
Korf and Tilichiki have a subarctic climate
Subarctic climate
The subarctic climate is a climate characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and short, cool to mild summers. It is found on large landmasses, away from the moderating effects of an ocean, generally at latitudes from 50° to 70°N poleward of the humid continental climates...
(Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Dfc) though owing to their maritime location the winters are not so severe as at the same latitude in interior Siberia - for instance the mean temperature of the coldest month is as much as 15°C (27°F) less severe than in Olyokminsk
Olyokminsk
Olyokminsk is a town and the administrative center of Olyokminsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River, southwest of Yakutsk. Population: -History:...
at the same latitude near the “cold pole”. Precipitation also shows the pronounced maritime influence, with annual averages being typical of Kamchatka and around three or four times those of interior Siberia at the same latitude. The heavier snow cover and milder winter temperatures mean that in spite of the mean temperature of the warmest month not reaching beyond 12.5 °C (54.5 °F), permafrost
Permafrost
In geology, permafrost, cryotic soil or permafrost soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years. Ice is not always present, as may be in the case of nonporous bedrock, but it frequently occurs and it may be in amounts exceeding the potential hydraulic saturation of...
is only discontinuous. Strong winds, however, limit tree growth severely.