Thermal power stations in Russia and Soviet Union
Encyclopedia
The first large peat
-fired thermal power station
in Russia
was built on a location about 80 km away from Moscow
, in the place of the current city of Elektrogorsk
, during 1912-1914. It was called Elektroperedacha (literally "electric power transmission
"), and the settlement around the station (future Elektrogorsk) acquired this name, Elektroperedacha, as well. Today the station is called GRES-3 or Elektrogorskaya GRES.
The term GRES refers to a condenser type electricity-only thermal power station
introduced in the Soviet Union
which still exist in Russia
and other former Soviet republics. The Russian abbreviation ГРЭС stands for Государственная районная электростанция, or "state regional electric station". Over time the abbreviation have lost its literal meaning, and the term refers to a high-power (thousands of megawatt) thermal power station of condenser type.
The term TEC or TETs refers to cogeneration
power stations.
of 1920s provided for construction of several GRES (along with 20 TEC and 10 hydroelectrostations, the best known among them is Shatura Power Station
(peat-fired, planned already in 1914).
The first GRES were constructed upon the initiative of power engineer Robert Klasson.
Peat
Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation matter or histosol. Peat forms in wetland bogs, moors, muskegs, pocosins, mires, and peat swamp forests. Peat is harvested as an important source of fuel in certain parts of the world...
-fired thermal power station
Thermal power station
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this...
in Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
was built on a location about 80 km away from Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, in the place of the current city of Elektrogorsk
Elektrogorsk
Elektrogorsk is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east from Moscow. Population: Elektrogorsk was founded in 1912 due to the construction of the first big peat-fired thermal power station in Russia, which would be called Elektroperedacha . The settlement was named after the power station...
, during 1912-1914. It was called Elektroperedacha (literally "electric power transmission
Electric power transmission
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to Electrical substations located near demand centers...
"), and the settlement around the station (future Elektrogorsk) acquired this name, Elektroperedacha, as well. Today the station is called GRES-3 or Elektrogorskaya GRES.
Terminology
The abbreviations below are commonly used in the names of power stations.The term GRES refers to a condenser type electricity-only thermal power station
Thermal power station
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this...
introduced in the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
which still exist in Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
and other former Soviet republics. The Russian abbreviation ГРЭС stands for Государственная районная электростанция, or "state regional electric station". Over time the abbreviation have lost its literal meaning, and the term refers to a high-power (thousands of megawatt) thermal power station of condenser type.
The term TEC or TETs refers to cogeneration
Cogeneration
Cogeneration is the use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat....
power stations.
History
The Soviet GOELRO planGOELRO plan
GOELRO plan was the first-ever Soviet plan for national economic recovery and development. It became the prototype for subsequent Five-Year Plans drafted by Gosplan...
of 1920s provided for construction of several GRES (along with 20 TEC and 10 hydroelectrostations, the best known among them is Shatura Power Station
Shatura Power Station
The Shatura Power Station is one of the oldest power stations in Russia. The facility is located in Shatura, Moscow Oblast, and generates power by utilizing two 210 MW units, three 200 MW units, and one 80 MW unit, totalling the installed capacity to 1,100 MW...
(peat-fired, planned already in 1914).
The first GRES were constructed upon the initiative of power engineer Robert Klasson.