The Skylark of Space
Encyclopedia
The Skylark of Space by Edward E. "Doc" Smith was written between 1915 and 1921 while Smith was working on his doctorate. Though the original idea for the novel was Smith's, he co-wrote the first part of the novel with Lee Hawkins Garby
, the wife of his college classmate and later neighbor Carl Garby. The Skylark of Space is considered to be one of the earliest novels of interstellar travel
and the first example of space opera
, complete with protagonists perfect in mind, body, and spirit who fight against villains of absolute evil. Originally serialized in 1928 in the magazine Amazing Stories
, it was first published in book form in 1946 by The Buffalo Book Co.
and pits the hero, Dick Seaton, against Marc "Blackie" DuQuesne ( pronounced "Du Kane"). The story not only has whiz-bang technology, but also has conflict by the characters of Seaton and DuQuesne. Seaton is intelligent, good-looking, young, and capable. So is DuQuesne, but he is totally unprincipled and has a lot of money. Seaton is an idealistic scientist making his discoveries for the good of mankind. DuQuesne is pragmatic, out only to gain personal power and enrich himself, and will go to any lengths to win.
Seaton accidentally discovers a workable space drive—when a newly discovered element “X” (suggested to be a stable transactinide element in the Platinum group) in solution spills on a small copper tub and a live electric wire on his workbench an unexpected event happens. The copper tub shoots across the workbench, blasts hole through the wall, and heads for the horizon apparently by liberating pure energy with no heat or radiation. Attempts to reproduce the event fail, until Seaton realizes that the missing "ingredient" is a field generated by DuQuesne's "whatsittron" (slang for a new type of particle accelerator) in his laboratory next door. Seaton gains legal ownership of the small jar of “X” solution in a rather ethically questionable way, quits work, and sets up a business with his friend, Martin Crane (who happens to be a millionaire and an aviation mechanical engineer) to develop and build a spaceship. Martin supplies the money and helps design the ship and Seaton supplies the “X” and the knowledge of how to use it.
DuQuesne, seeing Seaton's odd behavior combined with Martin Crane's interest, suspects Seaton has made a potentially significant discovery. He conspires to sabotage Seaton's spaceship and build his own from Seaton's plans. DuQuesne can only get part of the "X" batch so he builds his ship and uses it to kidnap Seaton's fiancee, Dorothy Vaneman, planning to use her as hostage to get the rest of the “X”. She resists and accidentally sets DuQuesne's ship to full acceleration on an uncontrolled trajectory, knocking everyone on board the ship unconscious (which includes Dorothy, DuQuesne, a henchman, and another woman DuQuesne agreed to help his corporate "sponsor" dispose of). When the copper power bar is exhausted, the acceleration reduces to zero, and everyone regains consciousness, they realize they are completely lost and traveling many times the speed of light. (This is explained by saying “Einstein's theory is just a theory, and theory must be adjusted to fit the observed facts”, still a mildly reasonable assertion in the era the story was written)
Luckily, during Seaton's experiments a few interesting additional applications were found including an "Object Compass" that once locked on any object, always points toward that object. Seaton had previously locked an Object Compass to DuQuesne because of his suspicious behavior. Now Seaton and Crane use it to trace him and rescue Dorothy and the other girl, Margaret "Peg" Spencer.
Seaton and Crane give chase in a new ship, the Skylark, secretly built when they discovered their original ship had been sabotaged. Traveling at top acceleration the Skylark discovers DuQuesne's ship derelict in orbit around a massive dead star (though the term and concept had not been developed, the description is very close to a fairly cold neutron star). Seaton maneuvers his ship close enough to rescue the passengers, but getting back out of the gravity well of the dead star is a problem. Seaton figures out a way to escape, but it can't be done without assistance. Seaton extracts a promise from DuQuesne that he will "act as one of the party until they get back to Earth”. Working together, the two enemies manage to get the ship away from the star, but escaping has used up nearly all of the copper fuel. They must find more copper to get home. They head for a reasonably close star cluster.
They land on a likely planet. They find no copper, but they do find a large rocky outcropping that seems to be almost pure “X”. They take a few small, loose nuggets, only enough to run all Earth's power plants for a thousand years, lock an Object Compass on the outcropping, and leave, still looking for copper. After a harrowing encounter with a Disembodied Intelligence (a being that is much like Star Trek's 'Q'), they enter a cluster of stars they call “The Green System” and locate a planet that has copper sulfate oceans, providing all the copper they could possibly want, and easy to get. On the next planet they befriend the warlike green-skinned rulers of Mardonale, one of the two factions of the planet Osnome. When the Mardonalian ruler attempts to betray Seaton and his friends, they find allies in Prince Dunark and Princess Sitar, the Kondalian crown prince and princess, captured by the Mardonalians. The Skylarkers then help the Kondalians win their war with Mardonale. In gratitude the Kondalians make new copper power bars and rebuild the Skylark into the Skylark Two using a super-metal called arenak, equipping it with new weapons known to Kondalian science. A Kondalian reference to a “First Cause” suggests a similarity to Earth's Christian religion. This gives them valid moral authority with Seaton, so he asks them to marry him and Dorothy, and Martin and Peg decide to be married also, as they have become close friends. The marriages take place, and then the Osnomians, recognizing his power and brilliance, make him their "Overlord", the supreme authority on their planet. Seaton accepts the honor, though he does not intend to do much regarding it.
The Skylark returns to Earth loaded with plenty of "X", and DuQuesne is also rewarded for his help—a small bag with several pounds of above-average diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and a small lead tube with a few million dollars worth of Radium in it.
As they near Earth, DuQuesne decides his promise of good behavior has been fulfilled, so he furtively leaves the Skylark by parachute. The story ends with the Skylark landing once again on Crane Field.
says of the book, "With the exception of the works of H. G. Wells
, possibly those of Jules Verne
— and almost no other writer — it has inspired more imitators and done more to change the nature of all the science fiction written after it than almost any other single work." Mike Ashley
called it "the seminal space opera
." Despite its influence, its critical reputation is, at best, mixed; Groff Conklin
's review of the 1950 edition noted that "This tale is the sort of thing that only insatiable fans will enjoy, being . . . uncommonly amateur and awkward." Damon Knight
, however, praised the novel for its "fast, lean plot, an air of excitement, . . . four characters who are comfortingly bigger than life [and] the feeling that adventures are waiting everywhere," concluding that "In The Skylark, everything is big and simple."
Lee Hawkins Garby
Lee Hawkins Garby was the coauthor with Edward Elmer Smith of the first version The Skylark of Space, the first science fiction story in which humans left the solar system. She was the wife of Dr. Carl DeWitt Garby, a friend of Dr. Smith’s from college at the University of Idaho...
, the wife of his college classmate and later neighbor Carl Garby. The Skylark of Space is considered to be one of the earliest novels of interstellar travel
Interstellar travel
Interstellar space travel is manned or unmanned travel between stars. The concept of interstellar travel in starships is a staple of science fiction. Interstellar travel is much more difficult than interplanetary travel. Intergalactic travel, or travel between different galaxies, is even more...
and the first example of space opera
Space opera
Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes romantic, often melodramatic adventure, set mainly or entirely in outer space, generally involving conflict between opponents possessing advanced technologies and abilities. The term has no relation to music and it is analogous to "soap...
, complete with protagonists perfect in mind, body, and spirit who fight against villains of absolute evil. Originally serialized in 1928 in the magazine Amazing Stories
Amazing Stories
Amazing Stories was an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction...
, it was first published in book form in 1946 by The Buffalo Book Co.
Plot synopsis
The Skylark of Space is the first book in the Skylark seriesSkylark (series)
Skylark is a science fiction/space opera series by the late E. E. "Doc" Smith. The first book The Skylark of Space is revolutionary in the genre, in which a scientist discovers a space-drive, builds a starship, and flies off with three companions to encounter alien civilizations and fight a...
and pits the hero, Dick Seaton, against Marc "Blackie" DuQuesne ( pronounced "Du Kane"). The story not only has whiz-bang technology, but also has conflict by the characters of Seaton and DuQuesne. Seaton is intelligent, good-looking, young, and capable. So is DuQuesne, but he is totally unprincipled and has a lot of money. Seaton is an idealistic scientist making his discoveries for the good of mankind. DuQuesne is pragmatic, out only to gain personal power and enrich himself, and will go to any lengths to win.
Seaton accidentally discovers a workable space drive—when a newly discovered element “X” (suggested to be a stable transactinide element in the Platinum group) in solution spills on a small copper tub and a live electric wire on his workbench an unexpected event happens. The copper tub shoots across the workbench, blasts hole through the wall, and heads for the horizon apparently by liberating pure energy with no heat or radiation. Attempts to reproduce the event fail, until Seaton realizes that the missing "ingredient" is a field generated by DuQuesne's "whatsittron" (slang for a new type of particle accelerator) in his laboratory next door. Seaton gains legal ownership of the small jar of “X” solution in a rather ethically questionable way, quits work, and sets up a business with his friend, Martin Crane (who happens to be a millionaire and an aviation mechanical engineer) to develop and build a spaceship. Martin supplies the money and helps design the ship and Seaton supplies the “X” and the knowledge of how to use it.
DuQuesne, seeing Seaton's odd behavior combined with Martin Crane's interest, suspects Seaton has made a potentially significant discovery. He conspires to sabotage Seaton's spaceship and build his own from Seaton's plans. DuQuesne can only get part of the "X" batch so he builds his ship and uses it to kidnap Seaton's fiancee, Dorothy Vaneman, planning to use her as hostage to get the rest of the “X”. She resists and accidentally sets DuQuesne's ship to full acceleration on an uncontrolled trajectory, knocking everyone on board the ship unconscious (which includes Dorothy, DuQuesne, a henchman, and another woman DuQuesne agreed to help his corporate "sponsor" dispose of). When the copper power bar is exhausted, the acceleration reduces to zero, and everyone regains consciousness, they realize they are completely lost and traveling many times the speed of light. (This is explained by saying “Einstein's theory is just a theory, and theory must be adjusted to fit the observed facts”, still a mildly reasonable assertion in the era the story was written)
Luckily, during Seaton's experiments a few interesting additional applications were found including an "Object Compass" that once locked on any object, always points toward that object. Seaton had previously locked an Object Compass to DuQuesne because of his suspicious behavior. Now Seaton and Crane use it to trace him and rescue Dorothy and the other girl, Margaret "Peg" Spencer.
Seaton and Crane give chase in a new ship, the Skylark, secretly built when they discovered their original ship had been sabotaged. Traveling at top acceleration the Skylark discovers DuQuesne's ship derelict in orbit around a massive dead star (though the term and concept had not been developed, the description is very close to a fairly cold neutron star). Seaton maneuvers his ship close enough to rescue the passengers, but getting back out of the gravity well of the dead star is a problem. Seaton figures out a way to escape, but it can't be done without assistance. Seaton extracts a promise from DuQuesne that he will "act as one of the party until they get back to Earth”. Working together, the two enemies manage to get the ship away from the star, but escaping has used up nearly all of the copper fuel. They must find more copper to get home. They head for a reasonably close star cluster.
They land on a likely planet. They find no copper, but they do find a large rocky outcropping that seems to be almost pure “X”. They take a few small, loose nuggets, only enough to run all Earth's power plants for a thousand years, lock an Object Compass on the outcropping, and leave, still looking for copper. After a harrowing encounter with a Disembodied Intelligence (a being that is much like Star Trek's 'Q'), they enter a cluster of stars they call “The Green System” and locate a planet that has copper sulfate oceans, providing all the copper they could possibly want, and easy to get. On the next planet they befriend the warlike green-skinned rulers of Mardonale, one of the two factions of the planet Osnome. When the Mardonalian ruler attempts to betray Seaton and his friends, they find allies in Prince Dunark and Princess Sitar, the Kondalian crown prince and princess, captured by the Mardonalians. The Skylarkers then help the Kondalians win their war with Mardonale. In gratitude the Kondalians make new copper power bars and rebuild the Skylark into the Skylark Two using a super-metal called arenak, equipping it with new weapons known to Kondalian science. A Kondalian reference to a “First Cause” suggests a similarity to Earth's Christian religion. This gives them valid moral authority with Seaton, so he asks them to marry him and Dorothy, and Martin and Peg decide to be married also, as they have become close friends. The marriages take place, and then the Osnomians, recognizing his power and brilliance, make him their "Overlord", the supreme authority on their planet. Seaton accepts the honor, though he does not intend to do much regarding it.
The Skylark returns to Earth loaded with plenty of "X", and DuQuesne is also rewarded for his help—a small bag with several pounds of above-average diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and a small lead tube with a few million dollars worth of Radium in it.
As they near Earth, DuQuesne decides his promise of good behavior has been fulfilled, so he furtively leaves the Skylark by parachute. The story ends with the Skylark landing once again on Crane Field.
Reception
Frederik PohlFrederik Pohl
Frederik George Pohl, Jr. is an American science fiction writer, editor and fan, with a career spanning over seventy years — from his first published work, "Elegy to a Dead Planet: Luna" , to his most recent novel, All the Lives He Led .He won the National Book Award in 1980 for his novel Jem...
says of the book, "With the exception of the works of H. G. Wells
H. G. Wells
Herbert George Wells was an English author, now best known for his work in the science fiction genre. He was also a prolific writer in many other genres, including contemporary novels, history, politics and social commentary, even writing text books and rules for war games...
, possibly those of Jules Verne
Jules Verne
Jules Gabriel Verne was a French author who pioneered the science fiction genre. He is best known for his novels Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea , A Journey to the Center of the Earth , and Around the World in Eighty Days...
— and almost no other writer — it has inspired more imitators and done more to change the nature of all the science fiction written after it than almost any other single work." Mike Ashley
Mike Ashley (writer)
Michael Ashley is a British bibliographer, author and editor of science fiction, mystery, and fantasy.He edits the long-running Mammoth Book series of short story anthologies, each arranged around a particular theme in mystery, fantasy, or science fiction...
called it "the seminal space opera
Space opera
Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes romantic, often melodramatic adventure, set mainly or entirely in outer space, generally involving conflict between opponents possessing advanced technologies and abilities. The term has no relation to music and it is analogous to "soap...
." Despite its influence, its critical reputation is, at best, mixed; Groff Conklin
Groff Conklin
Edward Groff Conklin was a leading science fiction anthologist. He edited 40 anthologies of science fiction, one of mystery stories , wrote books on home improvement and was a freelance writer on scientific subjects as well as a published poet...
's review of the 1950 edition noted that "This tale is the sort of thing that only insatiable fans will enjoy, being . . . uncommonly amateur and awkward." Damon Knight
Damon Knight
Damon Francis Knight was an American science fiction author, editor, critic and fan. His forte was short stories and he is widely acknowledged as having been a master of the genre.-Biography:...
, however, praised the novel for its "fast, lean plot, an air of excitement, . . . four characters who are comfortingly bigger than life [and] the feeling that adventures are waiting everywhere," concluding that "In The Skylark, everything is big and simple."
Publication history
- 1928, USA, Amazing StoriesAmazing StoriesAmazing Stories was an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction...
, Pub date August 1928, serialized magazine publication in 3 parts - 1946, USA, The Buffalo Book Company, Pub date 1946, Hardback, 500 copies
- 1947, USA, The Hadley Publishing Co., Pub date 1947, Hardback, 1,000 copies
- 1950, USA, FFF Publications, Pub date 1950, Hardback, 1,000 copies
- 1954, France, Le Rayon Fantastique, Pub date 1954, Hardback, as La curee des astres
- 1958, USA, Pyramid BooksPyramid BooksJove Books, formerly Pyramid Books, is a paperback publishing company, founded in 1949 by Almat Magazine Publishers . The company was sold to the Walter Reade Organization in the late 1960s. It was acquired in 1974 by Harcourt Brace which renamed it to Jove in 1977 and continued the line as an...
, Pub date 1958, Paperback, revised - 1958, Germany, Der Weltraumfahrer, Pub Date 1958, Hardback, as Geheimformel QX 47 R
- 1959, UK, Digit, Pub date 1959, Paperback
- 1961, Spain, Cenit, Pub date 1961, Paperback, as La estrella apagada
- 1984, USA, Berkley BooksBerkley BooksBerkley Books is an imprint of Penguin Group that began as an independent company in 1955. It was established by Charles Byrne and Frederic Klein, who were working for Avon and formed "Chic News Company". They renamed it Berkley Publishing Co. in 1955. They soon found a niche in science fiction...
ISBN 0-425-06561-8, Pub date March 1984, Paperback - 1992, USA, Easton PressEaston PressEaston Press, a division of MBI Inc., based in Norwalk, Connecticut, is a publisher specializing in high-quality leather-bound books. In addition to canonical classics, poetry and art books, they publish a large library of science fiction and popular literature as well.Some of Easton Press's...
, Pub date January 1992, Hardback - 2001, USA, Bison Books ISBN 0-8032-9286-4, Pub date March 2001, Paperback
- 2007, USA, Wildside Press LLC , ISBN 1-4344-0053-0, Paperback