The Chicago Maroon
Encyclopedia
The Chicago Maroon, the independent student newspaper
Newspaper
A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. By 2007, there were 6580 daily newspapers in the world selling 395 million copies a...

 of the University of Chicago
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...

, is a twice-weekly publication that traces its founding to 1892. During autumn, winter, and spring quarters of the academic year, the Maroon publishes every Tuesday and Friday. The paper consists of four sections: news, op-eds ("Viewpoints"), arts/entertainment ("Voices"), and sports. In the late summer, it publishes its annual orientation Issue (O-Issue) for entering first-year students, including sections on the university and the city of Chicago.

About The Maroon

Any student at the University of Chicago can contribute to the newspaper, and many go through training and complete a series of requirements to join the Maroon as a staff member. Although the requirements have changed over time, the process of joining staff has traditionally been called "hustling." The editorial board explained in 1903 that when the newspaper changed from a weekly to a daily, many more students were needed to produce the paper, so they "hustled" (meaning both "to sell or promote energetically and aggressively" and "to convey forcibly or hurriedly") new writers and editors from the student body.

The executive board of the Maroon is effectively its Editor-in-Chief and Managing Editor
Managing editor
A managing editor is a senior member of a publication's management team.In the United States, a managing editor oversees and coordinates the publication's editorial activities...

, which are elected in the spring by the newspaper's entire staff. There are roughly twenty editors that control the content and production of the different sections. Unsigned opinion articles are written by The Maroon Editorial Board
Editorial board
The editorial board is a group of people, usually at a publication, who dictate the tone and direction the publication's editorial policy will take.- Board makeup :...

, which consists of the Viewpoints editors, the Editor-in-Chief, and additional Editorial Board Members. The Maroon Advisory Board consists of a handful of University of Chicago faculty members and administrators that meet quarterly to review the newspaper's financial strength. The Chicago Maroon is financially and editorially independent from the university.

Over its history the Maroon served as publisher of other independent papers at the University of Chicago, including the Grey City Journal, a weekly journal of arts and culture which featured some of the first cultural criticism by Thomas Frank
Thomas Frank
Thomas Frank is an American author, journalist and columnist for Harper's Magazine. He is a former columnist for the Wall Street Journal, authoring "The Tilting Yard" from 2008 to 2010....

, the Chicago Literary Review, a quarterly showcase for poetry and short fiction, and The Fourth Estate, the "Conservative Brother Publication of the Chicago Maroon." Currently, the Maroon publishes every Tuesday and Friday, and prints Grey City, now its quarterly magazine, before every reading week..

History

The Chicago Maroon has gone through many variations and formats, but considers 1892 to be the year of its establishment. It remains the only student organization at the University of Chicago that can trace its history to the first day the University of Chicago opened its doors to students.

The University of Chicago Weekly

A report on the history of the Maroon compiled for its centennial celebration begins, "When the U of C opened in October of 1892, students were already on campus selling the U of C Weekly," which was the parent publication of the Maroon in its current form. The Weekly was established by two graduate students, Emory Forster and Jack Durno, and served as a student-run news and literary publication, even though it was owned by a local businessman.

Several publications were attempted in the first decade of the university's operation, but The Weekly was the only one that managed to stay afloat. The first of these abortive efforts was The Maroon, a daily paper published from October 17, 1892 to April 19, 1893. The next attempt was a thrice-weekly newspaper, also called The Maroon, which published from May 15, 1895 to March 20, 1896. The last was another daily, this time called The Daily Maroon, whose founding was plagued with difficulties: Days after its first printing on May 7, 1900, the Faculty Board of Student Organizations suspended the publication because "the editors were duped into printing a supposed scandal." After another failed effort later that spring, The Daily Maroon died for a second and final time.

According to one Weekly editor, "its contents filled the space of about 16 to 24 pages and included articles about the old University, the faculty members, future plans, athletics, various student activities, and so-called verse." Although it was the largest paper available to students, and the only one that was financially successful, its editors believed that the university – which was quickly developing into a premier institution – was in need of a stable daily newspaper.

The Daily Maroon

Herbert Fleming (A.B. 1902) and Byron Moon, The Weekly's managing editor and owner/publisher respectively, proposed to University President William Rainy Harper a merger between The Weekly and The Daily Maroon. Harper accepted the proposal, with the condition that the paper would be financially autonomous from the University. Moon and Fleming, along with eight others, were appointed by the Board of Student Organizations to the Board of Control. Together, they persuaded the Alumni Association to front the necessary funds to start publishing, with the proposal that the paper should be owned by the entire student body. The ten members of the Board of Control assumed all other financial responsibility for the paper's first year, with profits or losses being divided equally.

The Weekly stopped printing the same day The Daily Maroon started, choosing to "close its career on October 1, 1902 to make room for its successors." During its fist decade, The Daily Maroon focused on raising student enthusiasm for sports teams, and served as a bulletin board and calendar for social activities. Headlines consistently trumpeted the "Monsters of the Midway's" upcoming games, reviewed old ones, and printed new sports cheers and poems honoring the university.

In 1906, when the university won the national college football championship, The Daily Maroon joined the festivities by printing the story in maroon and black. That year, the paper began printing in the morning, instead of afternoon, so students and faculty could read it during breakfast.

The Maroon

During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, printing a daily newspaper became infeasible because of both staff writers leaving the university to fight and decreased financial support during hard times. The Daily Maroon was changed to a weekly format, called The Maroon, in 1942. The inaugural issue began with an editorial by Phil Rieff, the Editor-in-Chief:

"And so we go to Press. Smaller. Fewer.
The Maroon is not what it used to be. But that is nothing to be sad about. We are sad because the Maroon is not what it should be. We had intended to publish twice a week. We had hopes of making the Maroon a significant organ of University opinion. We had even had gone so far as to contact certain faculty men and arrange for vital articles on contemporary issues. If we could serve the University, as a stimulus, a guide, an organ of critical thought during these critical times... That was our aim."

During these years, The Maroon was composed mainly of women, men too young to serve in the forces, and older men who were exempt from military service. The most notable change in the paper's appearance after the war was that it did not return to a daily, but printed Tuesdays and Fridays, which it continues to do. Its prewar structure, based on downtown Chicago newspapers, was not restored, and classes became the top priority for most staff members..

The Maroon also revised its distribution during that time. When it first appeared in 1902, it cost two cents an issue to defray the costs of printing. The price gradually increased to 5 cents by the 1940s. On June 27, 1947 The Maroon was distributed free of charge "in order to assure the widest possible distribution." Increased ad revenue and financial support from the administration helped offset the losses from becoming non-subscription-based. In 1957, the paper also moved to Ida Noyes Hall, its current location, from Lexington Hall, which is no longer standing.

When David Broder was elected Editor-in-Chief in 1948, he put The Maroon on the path to recovery by publishing a daily bulletin on days the newspaper didn't print and increased circulation from 3,000 to 22,000.

The Maroon became more political over the following decades, prompting the Dean of Students to force the removal of Editor-in-Chief Alan Kimmel in 1951 and hold a university-wide election for the position. The newspaper continued to be highly political in the 1960s, and was even considered militant. During a campus sit-in after the firing of a radical sociology professor, Marlene Dixon, in 1968, The Maroon published daily and editors met with University President Edward Levi in his house while his office was being occupied by students.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, The Maroon focused printing a neutral newspaper with political sister publications. Grey City Journal, which is now the newspaper's quarterly magazine, espoused liberal politics, opinion, and criticism. After gaining significant criticism, editor John Scalzi
John Scalzi
John Michael Scalzi II is an American author and online writer, and president of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. He is best known for his Hugo Award-nominated science fiction novel Old Man's War, released by Tor Books in January 2005, and for his blog , at which he has written...

 decided to create a conservative brother publication, The Fourth Estate, to balance the paper ideologically. With these weekly sections, the paper grew to its largest size, but because the publications didn't bring in their own ad revenue, The Maroon dropped them in the 1990s.

Recently, The Maroon won a Pacemaker Award in 2007, the Associated Collegiate Press’ highest honor, and has gone through several redesigns in print and online to improve the layout and create a more modern appeal.

Notable alumni

The University of Chicago has produced a number of notable journalists and writers, many of whom were Chicago Maroon staffers.
  • David Auburn
    David Auburn
    David Auburn is an American playwright.He was raised in Ohio and Arkansas. He attended the University of Chicago, where he was a member of Off-Off Campus, and received a degree in English literature....

     (A.B. 1991) Pulitzer prize and Tony award-winning playwright of Proof
    Proof (play)
    Proof is a play by David Auburn originally produced by the Manhattan Theatre Club on 23 May 2000. It then went to Broadway on 24 October 2000 at the Walter Kerr Theatre, and was directed by Daniel J. Sullivan, with Mary-Louise Parker as Catherine, Larry Bryggman as Robert, Ben Shenkman as Hal, and...

  • David Axelrod
    David Axelrod
    David Axelrod may refer to:* David Axelrod * David Axelrod , Senior Advisor to U.S. President Barack Obama* David B. Axelrod , poet and educator...

     (A.B. 1977) Senior Advisor to President Barack Obama and chief strategist
  • David Brooks
    David Brooks (journalist)
    David Brooks is a Canadian-born political and cultural commentator who considers himself a moderate and writes for the New York Times...

     (A.B. 1983) Op-Ed Columnist for the New York Times; senior editor of The Weekly Standard
    The Weekly Standard
    The Weekly Standard is an American neoconservative opinion magazine published 48 times per year. Its founding publisher, News Corporation, debuted the title September 18, 1995. Currently edited by founder William Kristol and Fred Barnes, the Standard has been described as a "redoubt of...

    ; regular commentator on The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer
    The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer
    PBS NewsHour is an evening television news program broadcast weeknights on the Public Broadcasting Service in the United States. The show is produced by MacNeil/Lehrer Productions, a company co-owned by former anchors Jim Lehrer and Robert MacNeil, and Liberty Media, which owns a 65% stake in the...

  • David S. Broder
    David S. Broder
    David Salzer Broder was an American journalist, writing for The Washington Post for over forty years. He also was an author, television news show pundit, and university lecturer....

     (A.B. 1947, A.M. 1951) Pulitzer prize-winning journalist, wrote a syndicated column for The Washington Post
    The Washington Post
    The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest still-existing paper, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation...

    .
  • Daniel Hertzberg
    Daniel Hertzberg
    Daniel Hertzberg, an American journalist, is the former deputy managing editor for international news at The Wall Street Journal. Starting July 1, 2009, Hertzberg has served as senior editor-at-large at BLOOMBERG NEWS in New York. Hertzberg is a 1968 graduate of the University of Chicago.-Awards:In...

     (A.B. 1968) Pulitzer prize-winning journalist and Managing Editor for The Wall Street Journal
    The Wall Street Journal
    The Wall Street Journal is an American English-language international daily newspaper. It is published in New York City by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corporation, along with the Asian and European editions of the Journal....

  • Ana Marie Cox
    Ana Marie Cox
    Ana Marie Cox is an American author and blogger. The founding editor of the political blog Wonkette, she is currently the Washington correspondent for GQ and is The Guardian's lead blogger on US politics. She previously worked at Air America Media.-Early life:Cox was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico...

     (A.B. 1994) Editor of Wonkette
    Wonkette
    Wonkette is a left-leaning American online magazine of topical satire and political gossip, established in 2004 by Gawker Media and founding editor Ana Marie Cox, and edited by Ken Layne from 2006 to 2011...

     weblog
  • Thomas Frank
    Thomas Frank
    Thomas Frank is an American author, journalist and columnist for Harper's Magazine. He is a former columnist for the Wall Street Journal, authoring "The Tilting Yard" from 2008 to 2010....

     (A.M. 1989, Ph.D. 1994) Editor-in-chief of The Baffler
    The Baffler
    The Baffler is a left-wing magazine of cultural, political, and business criticism that was founded in 1988 and published until the spring of 2007. It was revived in 2009, with the first issue of Volume 2 published in January 2010...

    ; author of The Conquest of Cool (1997) and What's the Matter with Kansas? (2004)
  • Seymour Hersh
    Seymour Hersh
    Seymour Myron Hersh is an American Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist and author based in Washington, D.C. He is a regular contributor to The New Yorker magazine on military and security matters...

     (A.B. 1958) Pulitzer prize-winning investigative journalist and frequent writer for The New Yorker
    The New Yorker
    The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons and poetry published by Condé Nast...

  • Nathan Hare
    Nathan Hare
    Nathan Hare was the first person hired to coordinate a black studies program in the United States, at San Francisco State University in 1968.-Early life and education:...

     (A.M. 1957, Ph.D. 1962) Author, activist, and sociologist; founding publisher of The Black Scholar, later cited as, "the most important journal devoted to black issues since the Crisis," by the New York Times
  • Carl H. Lavin (A.B. 1979) Managing Editor, Forbes
    Forbes
    Forbes is an American publishing and media company. Its flagship publication, the Forbes magazine, is published biweekly. Its primary competitors in the national business magazine category are Fortune, which is also published biweekly, and Business Week...

    . Former Deputy Managing Editor, news, The Philadelphia Inquirer
    The Philadelphia Inquirer
    The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the...

  • Erin McKean
    Erin McKean
    Erin McKean is an American lexicographer. Erin is a founder and the CEO of the online dictionary Wordnik. She was previously the Principal Editor of The New Oxford American Dictionary, second edition....

     (A.B. 1993) Lexicographer and Principal Editor of The New Oxford American Dictionary
    New Oxford American Dictionary
    The New Oxford American Dictionary is a single-volume dictionary of American English compiled by American editors at the Oxford University Press....

    , second edition.
  • Greg Palast
    Greg Palast
    Gregory Allyn Palast is a New York Times-bestselling author and a freelance journalist for the British Broadcasting Corporation as well as the British newspaper The Observer. His work frequently focuses on corporate malfeasance but has also been known to work with labor unions and consumer...

     (A.B. 1974, M.B.A. 1976) Progressive investigative journalist
  • John Podhoretz
    John Podhoretz
    John Podhoretz is an American neoconservative columnist for the New York Post, the editor of Commentary magazine, the author of several books on politics, and a former presidential speechwriter.-Life and career:...

     (A.B. 1982) Conservative commentator for National Review
    National Review
    National Review is a biweekly magazine founded by the late author William F. Buckley, Jr., in 1955 and based in New York City. It describes itself as "America's most widely read and influential magazine and web site for conservative news, commentary, and opinion."Although the print version of the...

    , New York Post
    New York Post
    The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and is generally acknowledged as the oldest to have been published continuously as a daily, although – as is the case with most other papers – its publication has been periodically interrupted by labor actions...

    , The Weekly Standard
    The Weekly Standard
    The Weekly Standard is an American neoconservative opinion magazine published 48 times per year. Its founding publisher, News Corporation, debuted the title September 18, 1995. Currently edited by founder William Kristol and Fred Barnes, the Standard has been described as a "redoubt of...

    , inter alia; son of Norman Podhoretz
  • David Satter
    David Satter
    David Satter is a former Moscow correspondent and expert on Russia and the Soviet Union who wrote books about the decline and fall of the Soviet Union and the rise of post-Soviet Russia.-Life and career:...

     Moscow correspondent for the London Financial Times, Author of Age of Delirium: the Decline and Fall of the Soviet Union and Darkness at Dawn: the Rise of the Russian Criminal State
  • Joshua Cooper Ramo
    Joshua Cooper Ramo
    Joshua Cooper Ramo was a former senior editor and foreign editor of Time magazine and later Managing Director at Kissinger Associates, the consulting firm of former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger...

     (A.B. 1992) Foreign Editor of Time
    Time (magazine)
    Time is an American news magazine. A European edition is published from London. Time Europe covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong...

    magazine, Author "No Visible Horizon," "Beijing Consensus", Managing Director Kissinger Associates
  • John Scalzi
    John Scalzi
    John Michael Scalzi II is an American author and online writer, and president of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. He is best known for his Hugo Award-nominated science fiction novel Old Man's War, released by Tor Books in January 2005, and for his blog , at which he has written...

     (A.B. 1991) Hugo award-winning writer, blogger and novelist (Old Man's War
    Old Man's War
    Old Man's War is a science fiction novel by John Scalzi published in 2005. It was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2006. It was optioned by Paramount Pictures in 2011...

    )
  • Nate Silver
    Nate Silver
    Nathaniel Read "Nate" Silver is an American statistician, psephologist, and writer. Silver first gained public recognition for developing PECOTA, a system for forecasting the performance and career development of Major League Baseball players, which he sold to and then managed for Baseball...

     (A.B. 2000) Author-editor of webblog FiveThirtyEight
  • Robert B. Silvers
    Robert B. Silvers
    Robert Benjamin Silvers is an American editor who has served as editor of The New York Review of Books since 1963. According to a 2007 Vanity Fair article, "Jason Epstein's assessment of Silvers as 'The most brilliant editor of a magazine ever to have worked in this country' has been 'shared by...

     (A.B. 1947) Co-founding Editor of The New York Review of Books
    The New York Review of Books
    The New York Review of Books is a fortnightly magazine with articles on literature, culture and current affairs. Published in New York City, it takes as its point of departure that the discussion of important books is itself an indispensable literary activity...

  • Brent Staples
    Brent Staples
    Brent Staples is an author and editorial writer for the New York Times. His books include An American Love Story and Parallel Time: Growing up In Black and White, which won the Anisfield Wolf Book Award...

     (A.M. 1976, Ph.D. 1982) Editorial writer for the New York Times (1990–present); winner of the Anisfield Wolff Book Award for his memoir Parallel Time: Growing Up in Black and White (1994)
  • John Paul Stevens
    John Paul Stevens
    John Paul Stevens served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from December 19, 1975 until his retirement on June 29, 2010. At the time of his retirement, he was the oldest member of the Court and the third-longest serving justice in the Court's history...

     (A.B. 1941) Third longest serving Justice on the Supreme Court, from 1975-2010
  • Ray Suarez
    Ray Suarez
    Rafael Suarez, Jr. , known as Ray Suarez, is an American broadcast journalist. Suarez joined the PBS NewsHour in 1999 and became a senior correspondent for the evening news program on the PBS television network. He is also host of the international news and analysis public radio program America...

     (A.M. 1993) Senior Correspondent on PBS
    Public Broadcasting Service
    The Public Broadcasting Service is an American non-profit public broadcasting television network with 354 member TV stations in the United States which hold collective ownership. Its headquarters is in Arlington, Virginia....

     news program The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer
    The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer
    PBS NewsHour is an evening television news program broadcast weeknights on the Public Broadcasting Service in the United States. The show is produced by MacNeil/Lehrer Productions, a company co-owned by former anchors Jim Lehrer and Robert MacNeil, and Liberty Media, which owns a 65% stake in the...

  • Kinsey Wilson (A.B. 1979) Executive Editor of USA Today
    USA Today
    USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. It was founded by Al Neuharth. The newspaper vies with The Wall Street Journal for the position of having the widest circulation of any newspaper in the United States, something it previously held since 2003...


External links

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