Teodor Talowski
Encyclopedia
Teodor Marian Talowski was a Polish
architect and painter. Because of his style, which combined late Historicism
with Art Nouveau
and Modernist
influences, he has been described as "the Polish Gaudi". His works include apartment buildings, churches, chapels and public buildings in Kraków
, Lviv
and other cities throughout former Austrian Galicia
.
) near Tarnów
, in Austrian Galicia
, and attended a gymnasium
in Kraków
. Later he moved to Vienna
, where he studied architecture under Karl König. After two years he moved to Lviv
, to study under Julian Zachariewicz at Lviv Polytechnic
, from which he graduated in 1881.
He came back to Krakow to be a professor at the Higher School of Technology and Industry (Polish: Wyższa Szkoła Techniczo-Przemysłowa).
In 1901 he was appointed the chair of the Department of Drawing and later the Department of Medieval Architecture Composition at Lviv Polytechnic. He died in 1910 in Lviv after five years of poor health and was interred at the Rakowicki Cemetery
in Kraków.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
architect and painter. Because of his style, which combined late Historicism
Historicism (art)
Historicism refers to artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans. After neo-classicism, which could itself be considered a historicist movement, the 19th century saw a new historicist phase marked by a return to a more ancient classicism, in particular in...
with Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau is an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that were most popular during 1890–1910. The name "Art Nouveau" is French for "new art"...
and Modernist
Modernism
Modernism, in its broadest definition, is modern thought, character, or practice. More specifically, the term describes the modernist movement, its set of cultural tendencies and array of associated cultural movements, originally arising from wide-scale and far-reaching changes to Western society...
influences, he has been described as "the Polish Gaudi". His works include apartment buildings, churches, chapels and public buildings in Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
, Lviv
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
and other cities throughout former Austrian Galicia
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria was a crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire, and Austria–Hungary from 1772 to 1918 .This historical region in eastern Central Europe is currently divided between Poland and Ukraine...
.
Biography
Talowski was born in Zassów (now ZasówZasów
Zasów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żyraków, within Dębica County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Żyraków, north-west of Dębica, and west of the regional capital Rzeszów....
) near Tarnów
Tarnów
Tarnów is a city in southeastern Poland with 115,341 inhabitants as of June 2009. The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. It is a major rail junction, located on the strategic east-west connection...
, in Austrian Galicia
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria was a crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire, and Austria–Hungary from 1772 to 1918 .This historical region in eastern Central Europe is currently divided between Poland and Ukraine...
, and attended a gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
in Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
. Later he moved to Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, where he studied architecture under Karl König. After two years he moved to Lviv
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
, to study under Julian Zachariewicz at Lviv Polytechnic
Lviv Polytechnic
Lviv Polytechnic National University is the largest scientific university in Lviv. Since its foundation in 1844, it was one of the most important centres of science and technological development in Central Europe. In the interbellum period, the Polytechnic was one of the most important technical...
, from which he graduated in 1881.
He came back to Krakow to be a professor at the Higher School of Technology and Industry (Polish: Wyższa Szkoła Techniczo-Przemysłowa).
In 1901 he was appointed the chair of the Department of Drawing and later the Department of Medieval Architecture Composition at Lviv Polytechnic. He died in 1910 in Lviv after five years of poor health and was interred at the Rakowicki Cemetery
Rakowicki Cemetery
Rakowicki Cemetery is one of the best known cemeteries of Poland, located in the centre of Kraków. It lies within the Administrative District No. 1 Stare Miasto meaning "Old Town" – not to be confused with the historic Kraków Old Town further west...
in Kraków.
Residential buildings
- Complex of apartment buildings in Kraków at 1,3,7,9,15 Retoryka street:
- 1st Retoryka Street - Under the Singing Frog (Pol. Pod śpiewającą żabą), 1889–90
- 7td Retoryka Street - Festina Lente, 1887
- 9th Retoryka Street - Under the Ass (Pod Osłem), 1891
- 15th Retoryka Street - Think Long, Act Fast (Długo myśl, prędko czyń), 1888
- Talowski's own house Under the Spider (Pol. Pod pająkiem) on Karmelicka Street, Kraków, 1889
- Apartment building at 18 Smoleńsk Street, Kraków, Under the Dragon (Pod Smokiem), 1887
Churches
Talowski designed over 70 churches, including:- Church of St. ElizabethChurch of St. Olha and Elizabeth, LvivThe Church of St. Olha and Elizabeth in Lviv, Ukraine is located between the city's main rail station and the Old Town. It was originally built as the Roman Catholic Church of St. Elizabeth and today serves as the Greek Catholic Church of Sts...
in Lviv, from 1903–11 - St. Mary of the Perpetual Assistance ChurchChurch of St. Mary of the Perpetual Assistance, TernopilThe Church of St. Mary of the Perpetual Assistance in Tarnopol, Eastern Galicia , now nonexistent, was located in the city's center and functioned as the parochial church of Ternopil's Roman Catholic society....
in TernopilTernopilTernopil , is a city in western Ukraine, located on the banks of the Seret River. Ternopil is one of the major cities of Western Ukraine and the historical region of Galicia... - St. Elizabeth Church in Nowy SączNowy SaczNowy Sącz is a town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the district capital of Nowy Sącz County, but is not included within the powiat.-Names:...
- St. Casimir Church in Nowy Sącz
- Parochial Church in Sucha BeskidzkaSucha Beskidzka-Famous people from Sucha Beskidzka:* Billy Wilder* Walery Goetel - geologist and palaeontologist; researcher of geological structure of the Tatra Mountains-Twin towns — sister cities:...
- Jesus' Transfiguration Church in LibiążLibiazLibiąż is a town in Chrzanów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland, with 17,671 inhabitants ....
- Assumption of St. Mary Church in Kamianka-BuzkaKamianka-BuzkaKamianka-Buzka is a city in the Lviv Oblast, of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Kamianka-Buzkyi Raion . The city was previously known as Kamianka Strumilowa, and was a district city in Galicia...
- The Polish church in Cacica, Romania
Other works
- Lubicz Street Viaduct in Kraków
- Brothers Hospitallers of St. John of God Hospital in Kraków
- Kraków electric works building
- Żeleński's palace in GrodkowiceGrodkowiceGrodkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłaj, within Wieliczka County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately east of Wieliczka and east of the regional capital Kraków....
near Kraków - Talowski's family tomb at the Rakowicki CemeteryRakowicki CemeteryRakowicki Cemetery is one of the best known cemeteries of Poland, located in the centre of Kraków. It lies within the Administrative District No. 1 Stare Miasto meaning "Old Town" – not to be confused with the historic Kraków Old Town further west...
Sources
Maciej Gutowski, Bartłomiej Gutowski, Architektura Secesyjna w Galicji, DiG publishing, Warsaw 2001, p. 23-27 (in Polish).External links
- www.talowski.prv.pl (in Polish)
- Pictures of apartment buildings at Retoryka street, Kraków (in Polish)
- Pictures of Talowski's churches from the Diocese of Tarnów (in Polish)