Tendring
Encyclopedia
Tendring is a local government district
in North East Essex
, England
. It extends from the River Stour
in the north, to the coast and the River Colne
in the south, with the coast to the East and the town of Colchester
to the west. Its council is based in Clacton-on-Sea
. Towns in the district include Frinton-on-Sea
, Walton-on-the-Naze
, Brightlingsea
and Harwich
. Large villages in the district include St Osyth and Great Bentley
.
Sometimes referred to as the "Tendring Peninsula", the district was formed on 1 April 1974 as a merger of the borough of Harwich, with Brightlingsea, Clacton and Frinton and Walton
urban district
s, and Tendring Rural District. The name Tendring comes from the ancient Tendring Hundred
which is named after the small Tendring village at the centre of the area. The Tendring Poor Law Union
covered the same area as the present district.
During the English civil war
, the witch-finder general, Matthew Hopkins
carried out many trials throughout this and the surrounding area especially in the towns of Manningtree
and Mistley
on the River Stour.
The largest town in the Tendring district is Clacton-on-Sea
, with a population of 53,000.
. "From" indicates older parishes which have now been merged.
which was granted special privileges in Saxon
times. It is remembered in the place names Kirby-le-Soken, Thorpe-le-Soken and Walton-le-Soken (an older name for Walton-on-the-Naze).
Non-metropolitan district
Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially shire districts, are a type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties in a so-called "two-tier" arrangement...
in North East Essex
Essex
Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. It extends from the River Stour
River Stour, Suffolk
The River Stour is a river in East Anglia, England. It is 76 km long and forms most of the county boundary between Suffolk to the north, and Essex to the south. It rises in eastern Cambridgeshire, passes to the east of Haverhill, through Cavendish, Sudbury and the Dedham Vale, and joins the...
in the north, to the coast and the River Colne
River Colne, Essex
The River Colne is a small river that runs through Colchester, England. It is not a tributary of any other river, instead having an estuary that joins the sea near Brightlingsea.-Source:...
in the south, with the coast to the East and the town of Colchester
Colchester
Colchester is an historic town and the largest settlement within the borough of Colchester in Essex, England.At the time of the census in 2001, it had a population of 104,390. However, the population is rapidly increasing, and has been named as one of Britain's fastest growing towns. As the...
to the west. Its council is based in Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea is the largest town on the Tendring peninsula, in Essex, England and was founded in 1871. It is a seaside resort that attracted many tourists in the summer months between the 1950s and 1970s, but which like many other British sea-side resorts went into decline as a holiday...
. Towns in the district include Frinton-on-Sea
Frinton-on-Sea
Frinton-on-Sea is a small seaside town in the Tendring District of Essex, England. It is part of the Parish of Frinton and Walton.-History:...
, Walton-on-the-Naze
Walton-on-the-Naze
Walton-on-the-Naze is a small town in Essex, England, on the North Sea coast in the Tendring district. It is north of Clacton and south of the port of Harwich. It abuts Frinton-on-Sea to the south, and is part of the parish of Frinton and Walton. It is a resort town, with a permanent population of...
, Brightlingsea
Brightlingsea
Brightlingsea is a coastal town in the Tendring district of Essex, England, located between Colchester and Clacton-on-Sea, situated at the mouth of the River Colne, on Brightlingsea Creek. It has an estimated population of 8500....
and Harwich
Harwich
Harwich is a town in Essex, England and one of the Haven ports, located on the coast with the North Sea to the east. It is in the Tendring district. Nearby places include Felixstowe to the northeast, Ipswich to the northwest, Colchester to the southwest and Clacton-on-Sea to the south...
. Large villages in the district include St Osyth and Great Bentley
Great Bentley
Great Bentley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of North East Essex, England, located midway between the towns of Colchester and Clacton-on-Sea. It is home to the largest village green in the country, at a size of and has won 'Village of the Year' several times...
.
Sometimes referred to as the "Tendring Peninsula", the district was formed on 1 April 1974 as a merger of the borough of Harwich, with Brightlingsea, Clacton and Frinton and Walton
Frinton and Walton
Frinton and Walton is a civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England.It had a population of 19,039 according to the 2001 census. The parish consists of the towns of Frinton-on-Sea and Walton-on-the-Naze, together with the villages of Kirby-le-Soken, Kirby Cross and Great...
urban district
Urban district
In the England, Wales and Ireland, an urban district was a type of local government district that covered an urbanised area. Urban districts had an elected Urban District Council , which shared local government responsibilities with a county council....
s, and Tendring Rural District. The name Tendring comes from the ancient Tendring Hundred
Hundred (division)
A hundred is a geographic division formerly used in England, Wales, Denmark, South Australia, some parts of the United States, Germany , Sweden, Finland and Norway, which historically was used to divide a larger region into smaller administrative divisions...
which is named after the small Tendring village at the centre of the area. The Tendring Poor Law Union
Poor Law
The English Poor Laws were a system of poor relief which existed in England and Wales that developed out of late-medieval and Tudor-era laws before being codified in 1587–98...
covered the same area as the present district.
During the English civil war
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
, the witch-finder general, Matthew Hopkins
Matthew Hopkins
Matthew Hopkins was an English witchhunter whose career flourished during the time of the English Civil War. He claimed to hold the office of Witchfinder General, although that title was never bestowed by Parliament...
carried out many trials throughout this and the surrounding area especially in the towns of Manningtree
Manningtree
Manningtree is a town and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England, which lies on the River Stour. It adjoins built-up areas of Lawford to the west and Mistley to the east and the three parishes together are sometimes referred to as "Manningtree".Manningtree is a claimant for the...
and Mistley
Mistley
Mistley is a large village and civil parish in the Tendring district of northeast Essex. It is around 11 miles northeast of Colchester and is east of, and almost contiguous with, Manningtree. The parish consists of Mistley and New Mistley, both lying beside the Stour Estuary, and Mistley Heath a...
on the River Stour.
The largest town in the Tendring district is Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea is the largest town on the Tendring peninsula, in Essex, England and was founded in 1871. It is a seaside resort that attracted many tourists in the summer months between the 1950s and 1970s, but which like many other British sea-side resorts went into decline as a holiday...
, with a population of 53,000.
Etymology
There are these theories about the origin of its name:-- From Anglo-SaxonOld English languageOld English or Anglo-Saxon is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in parts of what are now England and southeastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century...
tynder = "tinderTinderTinder is easily combustible material used to ignite fires by rudimentary methods. A small fire consisting of tinder is then used to ignite kindling. Anything that can be ignited by a match can be considered tinder; or by more rigorous definition, anything that begins to glow under a shower of...
": "place where tinder or fuelFuelFuel is any material that stores energy that can later be extracted to perform mechanical work in a controlled manner. Most fuels used by humans undergo combustion, a redox reaction in which a combustible substance releases energy after it ignites and reacts with the oxygen in the air...
is gathered." - From the GermanGerman languageGerman is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
placename Tündern in Lower SaxonyLower SaxonyLower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
(old spelling Tundiriun) plus Anglo-Saxon -ing or -ingas: "people who came across the seaTimeline of the Anglo-Saxon invasion and takeover of BritainConstructing a chronology of the early Anglo-Saxon period and how they took the land over from Celtic-speaking or Latin-speaking Romano-Britons is highly complex...
from Tündern".
Topology
The highest part of the district is a low (35 metres) ridge running west to east only 3 km south of the River Stour. The greater part of the district is undulating land sloping very gently to the south which is traversed by a number of streams.Parishes
The district is divided into the following parishesCivil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
. "From" indicates older parishes which have now been merged.
- AlresfordAlresford, EssexAlresford is a village in Essex, England. It is located southeast of Colchester and is northeast from the county town of Chelmsford. The village is in the district of Tendring and in the parliamentary constituency of North Essex....
- ArdleighArdleighArdleigh is a village and civil parish in Essex, England. It is located northeast of Colchester and is northeast from the county town of Chelmsford. The village is in the district of Tendring and the parliamentary constituency of North Essex. The village has its own Parish Council...
- Beaumont-cum-MozeBeaumont-cum-MozeBeaumont-cum-Moze is a civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 352. The parish includes Beaumont and Moze Cross.Beaumont Cut is a derelict canal in the parish....
- BradfieldBradfield, EssexBradfield is a village and civil parish in Essex, England. It is located about five kilometers east of Manningtree and is fifty-one kilometers northeast from the county town of Chelmsford. The village is in the district of Tendring and the parliamentary constituency of North Essex...
- BrightlingseaBrightlingseaBrightlingsea is a coastal town in the Tendring district of Essex, England, located between Colchester and Clacton-on-Sea, situated at the mouth of the River Colne, on Brightlingsea Creek. It has an estimated population of 8500....
- ElmsteadElmstead MarketElmstead Market is a village in the Tendring district of Essex. It lies 3 km northeast of Wivenhoe and 6 km east of Colchester. It is on the A133 road which until a few years ago was the main road to Clacton, Frinton and Harwich...
- FratingFratingFrating is a village and small civil parish of the Tendring district of Essex. It is about east of Colchester and northwest of Clacton-on-Sea. The parish includes the settlements of Frating Green and Hockley....
- Frinton and WaltonFrinton and WaltonFrinton and Walton is a civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England.It had a population of 19,039 according to the 2001 census. The parish consists of the towns of Frinton-on-Sea and Walton-on-the-Naze, together with the villages of Kirby-le-Soken, Kirby Cross and Great...
(from FrintonFrinton-on-SeaFrinton-on-Sea is a small seaside town in the Tendring District of Essex, England. It is part of the Parish of Frinton and Walton.-History:...
, Great HollandGreat HollandGreat Holland is a village in Essex, located to the north-east of Holland-on-Sea, and west of Frinton-on-sea. The village is served by a bus service to Clacton-on-Sea to the south and Kirby Cross, to the north. The village is served by two churches, a Methodist church and the parish church, 'All...
, Kirby-le-SokenKirby-le-SokenKirby-le-Soken is a small village in the Tendring District of North East Essex, England, in an agricultural and increasingly residential corner of the county. Although the village has managed to stay distinct and separate from the growing conurbations of Frinton-on-Sea and Walton-on-the-Naze , it...
, and Walton-le-Soken) - Great BentleyGreat BentleyGreat Bentley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of North East Essex, England, located midway between the towns of Colchester and Clacton-on-Sea. It is home to the largest village green in the country, at a size of and has won 'Village of the Year' several times...
- Great BromleyGreat BromleyGreat Bromley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex. It lies south of Manningtree and east of Colchester and includes the hamlets of Balls Green and Hare Green...
- Great OakleyGreat Oakley, EssexGreat Oakley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex. It is a long, narrow parish lying on the top of a low ridge south of Ramsey Creek which drains northeast towards Harwich. The parish extends south to Oakley Creek, a branch of Hamford Water, where stood Great Oakley...
- HarwichHarwichHarwich is a town in Essex, England and one of the Haven ports, located on the coast with the North Sea to the east. It is in the Tendring district. Nearby places include Felixstowe to the northeast, Ipswich to the northwest, Colchester to the southwest and Clacton-on-Sea to the south...
(from DovercourtDovercourtFor the neighbourhood in Toronto see Dovercourt-Wallace Emerson-JunctionDovercourt is a small seaside town in Essex, England. It is older than its smaller but better-known neighbour, the port of Harwich, and appears in the Domesday Book of 1086...
and St Nicholas) - LawfordLawfordLawford is a large village in the Tendring district of northeast Essex. It is around 10 miles northeast of Colchester and west of, and contiguous with Manningtree. Mistley merges with the East side of Manningtree....
- Little BentleyLittle BentleyLittle Bentley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex. It sits on rising ground just to the west of the Holland Brook.The church is dedicated to Saint Mary...
- Little BromleyLittle BromleyLittle Bromley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex. The name "Bromley" is Old English for "broomy wood/clearing". The village lies east northeast of Colchester and south of Manningtree. It is surrounded by the parishes of Lawford, Ardleigh, Great Bromley, Little...
- Little ClactonLittle ClactonLittle Clacton is a small rural village in Essex. It is located on the Tendring Peninsular. Close to Clacton-on-Sea.The village is also within radius of a local weather station, which provides Live Weather Conditions, Live Webcam Image & a 5 Day Weather Forecast for the villages Weeley & Little...
- Little OakleyLittle Oakley, EssexLittle Oakley is a village in Essex, England....
- ManningtreeManningtreeManningtree is a town and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England, which lies on the River Stour. It adjoins built-up areas of Lawford to the west and Mistley to the east and the three parishes together are sometimes referred to as "Manningtree".Manningtree is a claimant for the...
- MistleyMistleyMistley is a large village and civil parish in the Tendring district of northeast Essex. It is around 11 miles northeast of Colchester and is east of, and almost contiguous with, Manningtree. The parish consists of Mistley and New Mistley, both lying beside the Stour Estuary, and Mistley Heath a...
- RamseyRamsey, EssexRamsey is a village on the B1352 road , near the town of Harwich, in the Tendring district, in the English county of Essex. It has a pub called the Castle Inn...
and Parkeston - St Osyth
- Tendring
- Thorpe-le-SokenThorpe-le-SokenThorpe-le-Soken is a village in Essex, located west of Walton-on-the-Naze, Frinton-on-Sea and north of Clacton-on-Sea.-History:Thorpe-le-Soken's history can be traced back to Saxon times....
- ThorringtonThorringtonThorrington is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England. It lies 5 km east of Wivenhoe and 3 km north of Brightlingsea. The striking medieval flint church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene, and the patrons of the church are St John's College, Cambridge.On the...
- WeeleyWeeleyWeeley is a small village in Tendring, East Essex, England. It is served by Weeley railway station on the Sunshine Coast Line, with services operated by National Express East Anglia. It is open Monday - Saturday but closed Sundays. It has bus links to Clacton-on-sea and ColchesterIt was host to the...
- WixWix, EssexWix is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex. It lies in a small valley about three km south of the Stour Estuary. The valley drains east towards Harwich...
- WrabnessWrabnessWrabness is a small village, near Manningtree, Essex. The village is located six miles west of Harwich. It is served by the Wrabness railway station. Wrabness had a population of approximately 400. Clive Owen owns a house in Wrabness....
Soken
In the extreme east of the district is an area formerly known as the SokenThe Sokens
The Sokens is a name often used to describe the area containing the traditional parishes of Thorpe, Kirby and Walton, which now lie in Tendring district in the Naze area of northeast Essex. The significance of this grouping is now mostly historical.-History:...
which was granted special privileges in Saxon
Anglo-Saxons
Anglo-Saxon is a term used by historians to designate the Germanic tribes who invaded and settled the south and east of Great Britain beginning in the early 5th century AD, and the period from their creation of the English nation to the Norman conquest. The Anglo-Saxon Era denotes the period of...
times. It is remembered in the place names Kirby-le-Soken, Thorpe-le-Soken and Walton-le-Soken (an older name for Walton-on-the-Naze).
External links
- Entry in Kelly's Directory of Essex, 1894
- The local water supply company preserves the old name: Tendring Hundred Water Services Ltd
- Review of ward boundaries by the Boundary CommitteeBoundary Commission (United Kingdom)Boundary Commissions in the UK are non-departmental public bodies responsible for determining the boundaries of constituencies for elections to the Westminster Parliament, the Scottish Parliament and the National Assembly for Wales. There are four boundary commissions in the United Kingdom: one...
with maps - History notes on the Sokens
- Unofficial Frinton website
- Tendring Social Network Website