Tejupilco de Hidalgo
Encyclopedia
Tejupilco de Hidalgo is the seat of municipality
of Tejupilco in the State of Mexico, Mexico
.It is located approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of the state capital Toluca
, along Federal Highway 34
. The name Tejupilco comes from Náhuatl
meaning "between the toes". "de Hidalgo" was added to honor Father Miguel Hidalgo
who initiated the Mexican War of Independence
.
While the origins of the original settlers of the area have been forgotten, there are remains of many of their ceremonial centers and tombs atop various hills. The most important of these sites are in Ocotepec, Acatitlán, Acamuchitlán, Bejucos, San Simón, Tejupilco, Nanchititla, Hipericones and San Miguel Ixtapan
. However, it is known that the area had been occupied for centuries by the Otomi
who named the area "Talisca". However, most Otomi were driven out by a people called the "Tecos" who were under the dominion of the P'urhépecha
Father Plancarte says in Book I of the Anals of the Museum of Michoacan that the Tecos were a group related to the Mexica
s who lived in the P'urhépecha kingdom. In 1052, the Toltec
s arrived as refugees after the destruction of their kingdom, as well as the Matlazinca who came later from the Valley of Toluca
. By 1476 the Aztec
king Axayácatl
conquered the Matlazincas and took control of their lands including what is now Tejupilco. After the Spanish Conquest, Andrés de Tapia was assigned to subdue the old Matlazinca lands where he met no resistance in this area.
, and Tlatlaya
but in 1881 the seat was transferred to Temascaltepec.
The current population of the town is 22,041 people.
The total municipal area is 1,327.56 km sq, and it has a total population of 62,547 people. It borders with Otzoloapan
, Zacazonapan
, Temascaltepec, San Simón de Guerrero
, Amatepec
, Sultepec
, Texcaltitlán
as well as with the states of Michoacán
and Guerrero
to the west.
Mining is an important alternative activity as there are mineral and non-mineral deposits here, such as the marble deposit in the community of El Zapote. However, none have seriously been commercially exploited yet. Tourism is another possibility that needs to be explored.
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
of Tejupilco in the State of Mexico, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
.It is located approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of the state capital Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
, along Federal Highway 34
Mexican Federal Highway
Mexican Federal Highways, are roads maintained and built by the federal government of Mexico, through the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation ....
. The name Tejupilco comes from Náhuatl
Nahuatl
Nahuatl is thought to mean "a good, clear sound" This language name has several spellings, among them náhuatl , Naoatl, Nauatl, Nahuatl, Nawatl. In a back formation from the name of the language, the ethnic group of Nahuatl speakers are called Nahua...
meaning "between the toes". "de Hidalgo" was added to honor Father Miguel Hidalgo
Miguel Hidalgo
Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor , more commonly known as Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or simply Miguel Hidalgo, was a Mexican priest and a leader of the Mexican War of Independence.In 1810 Hidalgo led a group of peasants in a revolt against the dominant...
who initiated the Mexican War of Independence
Mexican War of Independence
The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial authorities which started on 16 September 1810. The movement, which became known as the Mexican War of Independence, was led by Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos and Amerindians who sought...
.
While the origins of the original settlers of the area have been forgotten, there are remains of many of their ceremonial centers and tombs atop various hills. The most important of these sites are in Ocotepec, Acatitlán, Acamuchitlán, Bejucos, San Simón, Tejupilco, Nanchititla, Hipericones and San Miguel Ixtapan
San Miguel Ixtapan (archaeological site)
San Miguel Ixtapan is an archaeological site located in the municipality of Tejupilco , in the State of Mexico.Tejupilco is about 100 kilometers west from the city of Toluca, Mexico State, on federal highway 134...
. However, it is known that the area had been occupied for centuries by the Otomi
Otomi people
The Otomi people . Smaller Otomi populations exist in the states of Puebla, Mexico, Tlaxcala, Michoacán and Guanajuato. The Otomi language belonging to the Oto-Pamean branch of the Oto-Manguean language family is spoken in many different varieties some of which are not mutually intelligible.One of...
who named the area "Talisca". However, most Otomi were driven out by a people called the "Tecos" who were under the dominion of the P'urhépecha
P'urhépecha
The P'urhépecha, normally spelled Purépecha in Spanish and in English and traditionally referred to as Tarascans, are an indigenous people centered in the northwestern region of the Mexican state of Michoacán, principally in the area of the cities of Uruapan and Pátzcuaro...
Father Plancarte says in Book I of the Anals of the Museum of Michoacan that the Tecos were a group related to the Mexica
Mexica
The Mexica were a pre-Columbian people of central Mexico.Mexica may also refer to:*Mexica , a board game designed by Wolfgang Kramer and Michael Kiesling*Mexica , a 2005 novel by Norman Spinrad...
s who lived in the P'urhépecha kingdom. In 1052, the Toltec
Toltec
The Toltec culture is an archaeological Mesoamerican culture that dominated a state centered in Tula, Hidalgo in the early post-classic period of Mesoamerican chronology...
s arrived as refugees after the destruction of their kingdom, as well as the Matlazinca who came later from the Valley of Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
. By 1476 the Aztec
Aztec
The Aztec people were certain ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, a period referred to as the late post-classic period in Mesoamerican chronology.Aztec is the...
king Axayácatl
Axayacatl
Axayacatl was the sixth Aztec Emperor, a ruler of the Postclassic Mesoamerican Aztec Empire and city of Tenochtitlan, who reigned from 1469 to 1481.He is chiefly remembered for subjugating Tlatelolco, Tenochtitlan's sister city, in 1473....
conquered the Matlazincas and took control of their lands including what is now Tejupilco. After the Spanish Conquest, Andrés de Tapia was assigned to subdue the old Matlazinca lands where he met no resistance in this area.
The town
The current town of Tejupilco was a village by 1579 which was paying tribute to the Spaniards as late as 1676. In 1734 it was still an overwhelmingly indigenous community with only seven Spanish families recorded there. For most of its pre-municipal history, the town was governed by indigenous leaders subject to Spanish control. In 1874, the town was named head of the district of Tejupilco de Hidalgo, which included the current municipalities of Temascaltepec, AmatepecAmatepec
Amatepec is a town and municipality, in Mexico State in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 624.9 km².As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 27,026....
, and Tlatlaya
Tlatlaya
Tlatlaya is a small town and municipality located in the southeast of the State of Mexico in Mexico. The word “Tlatlaya” means when the hearth is black and red.-The town:...
but in 1881 the seat was transferred to Temascaltepec.
The current population of the town is 22,041 people.
The municipality
As municipal seat, Tejupilco de Hidalgo has governing authority over the following communities: Acamuchitlán, Aguacate-Monte de Dios, Almoloya de las Granadas, La Angostura Primera, Las Anonas, Antimonio Pantoja, Santiago Arizmendi (Arizmendi), Arballo, Barranca de Ixtapan, Bejucos, Cacahuananche, Cerro de Cacalotepec (Cacalotepec), Campanario de Ixtapan (El Campanario), La Cañada, Cañadas de San Simón (Cañada de Chivas), Rincón de Carboneras (Carboneras), Cerro de los Elizaldes, El Cirián de la Laguna (El Cirián), El Ciruelo, El Corupo, Cuadrilla de López, Cuadrilla de los Martínez (Los Martínez), Los Melchores de San Lucas (Los Melchores), La Florida (Kilómetro Cinco), Santa Rosa (Las Juntas), Los Cuervos, Cuevillas, Epazotes, La Estancia de Ixtapan, San Miguel Ixtapan, Jalpan (Jalpan San Simón), La Joya de San Lucas, Juluapan (Juloapan), La Labor de Zaragoza, Llano Grande, El Mamey de San Lucas, Mazatepec, La Mesa, Las Mesas de Ixtapan (Las Mesas), Monte de Dios, San Andrés Ocotepec, Ojo de Agua (Rincón de Ugarte), La Palma Cuata (La Palma), Pantoja, Paso del Guayabal (El Paso), Paso de Vigas, Plan del Puente, El Platanal (El Platanal de San Lucas), Plaza de Gallos, El Potrero de Ixtapan (El Potrero), Potrero Grande, Puerto del Aire, Rincón de Aguirre, Rincón del Guayabal, Rincón del Carmen, Lodo Prieto, Rincón de Ugarte, Río Chiquito, Río de Aquiagua (Aquiagua), Río Grande, Salitre de Acamuchitlán (El Salitre), San Gabriel Pantoja, San José de la Laguna, San Lucas del Maíz (San Lucas), San Mateo (San Mateo Ixtapan), Sauz de San Lucas (El Sauz), Tejapan Limones (Tejapan), Tenería (Pueblo Nuevo), Tirados, Zacatepec, El Zapote de Ixtapan (El Zapote), Las Juntas del Salto, Llano Grande (Llano Grande de San Lucas), Salitre de San Lucas, El Salto (El Salto Dos), El Sauz Ocotepec (El Sauz), Suquitila, Rincón de Jaimes, Las Ánimas, Las Juntas, Ilamos, El Picacho del Rincón del Guayabal, Cuadrilla de Leones, Barro Prieto, El Zapote de Acamuchitlán(El Zapote), Agua Bendita, Ocoyapan, La Parota (Rancho las Parotas), Cerro Gordo, Los Nopales, Jumiltepec, Mesa de Gallos (El Llano), Potrero del Guayabal, Puerto de Jalpan (Jalpa), San Francisco, Los Baños, La Calera, El Carmen de Ixtapan, La Cabecera (Cabecera de los Arrayanes), La Cuitacera, La Guitarra, Hacienda de Ixtapan, Las Ilamas, Las Juntas de Ixtapan, Naranjo, Chiquito, El Naranjo Grande, Paredes Prietas, Los Pericones, Los Pinzanes (La Pinzanera), Rincón de San Gabriel, Salto Grande, Santa María de las Flores, Tonatilco, Zapote del Ancón, Agua Negra, Fundadora de San Lucas del Maíz, Rancho las Moras (Las Moras), Cerro Alto (Milpa Vieja), Piedra Ancha, Plan de Maguey, Cuadrilla del Molino, Paso de la Parota, La Cofradía (Los Mangos), Planes de la Cofradía (Los Planes), La Calera, El Guayabo, La Bolsa, Coahuilotes, Paso de San Juan, Cerro del Chirimoyo, Pinzán Morado, El Rodeo, Limón de San Lucas del Maíz, Encinos Verdes, Antonio de San Lucas del Maíz, Cerro de Mazatepec, Cerro del Divisadero, Cerro de los Huérfanos, La Laguna de Mazatepec, El Limón de la Estancia, El Ocote, Las Mesas de los Capires (Las Mesas), Puerto la Piedra Labrada (Pto. de Carboneras), Puerto Madroño, El Capire (Colonia el Capire), Lomas de Tejupilco, Colonia México Sesenta y Ocho, Juntas de Zacatepec (El Pedregal 2a. Mza.), Rincón de López, El Capire de Pantoja, Col. Benito Juárez (Lázaro Cárdenas del Río), El Cuagüilote Ojo de Agua (La Pera), El Jumate, Santa Rosa Rincón de Jaimes, Rincón del Naranjo-La Cabecera, Antimonio, Colonia Buenavista Primera Sección, El Puerto del Blanqueadero (Peñas Pintas), Rincón el Sauz Ocotepec, Rinconada de la Labor, El Burrito (El Sauz), Las Lomas (Los Depósitos), El Molino del Salto (Galera del Molino), Rincón Chiquito, Los Colorines, and El Salitre Segunda Seccción.The total municipal area is 1,327.56 km sq, and it has a total population of 62,547 people. It borders with Otzoloapan
Otzoloapan
Otzoloapan is a town and municipality located at the southeast of the State of Mexico. The name is from the Náhuatl 'Oceloapan' which means "river of lynxes". It is located in the southwest part of the state bordering the state of Michoacán.-The town:...
, Zacazonapan
Zacazonapan
Zacazonapan is a village and municipality near Mexico City. The name comes from Náhuatl and roughly translates to "in water of the meadows"-The village:...
, Temascaltepec, San Simón de Guerrero
San Simón de Guerrero
San Simón de Guerrero is a small town and municipality, in Mexico State in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 127.42 km².As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 5,408....
, Amatepec
Amatepec
Amatepec is a town and municipality, in Mexico State in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 624.9 km².As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 27,026....
, Sultepec
Sultepec
Sultepec is a town and municipality in Mexico State in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 552.52 km².As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 24,986.-References:...
, Texcaltitlán
Texcaltitlán
Texcaltitlán is a town and a municipality of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is located 65 km from Toluca on the high plains south of the Nevado de Toluca volcano...
as well as with the states of Michoacán
Michoacán
Michoacán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 113 municipalities and its capital city is Morelia...
and Guerrero
Guerrero
Guerrero officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Guerrero is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo....
to the west.
Economy
Agriculture is the most important economic activity here, using 93,586 hectares, growing corn, beans, avocados and peaches. Livestock raising includes pigs, goats, sheep and domestic fowl. There is also some logging.Mining is an important alternative activity as there are mineral and non-mineral deposits here, such as the marble deposit in the community of El Zapote. However, none have seriously been commercially exploited yet. Tourism is another possibility that needs to be explored.