Teeko
Encyclopedia
Teeko is an abstract strategy game
invented by John Scarne
in 1937 and rereleased in refined form in 1952 and again in the 1960s. Teeko was marketed by Scarne's company, John Scarne Games Inc..
The Teeko board consists of twenty-five spaces arranged in a five-by-five grid. There are eight markers in a Teeko game, four black and four red. One player, "Black" plays the black markers, and the other, "Red", plays the red. Black moves first, and places one marker on any space on the board. Red then places a marker on any unoccupied space; black does the same; and so on until all eight markers are on the board. The object of the game is for either player to win by having his markers situated in a straight line (vertical, horizontal, or diagonal) or square of four adjacent spaces. (Adjacency is horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, but does not wrap around
the edges of the board.) If neither player has won after the "drop" (when the eight pieces are put on the board), then it's attempted via the following method: The players alternate moving pieces one at a time, with Black playing first. A piece can only be moved to an adjacent space.
The rules, as summarized above, are very simple, but the strategy is complicated enough to fill a book, Scarne on Teeko, by Scarne
(1955). Nonetheless, Guy Steele solved the game (i.e., showed what must occur if both players play wisely) via computer
in 1998: he found that neither player can force a win.
There are sixteen variations of Teeko, such as Advanced Teeko, which have slightly different rules. All sixteen are outlined in Scarne on Teeko; the rules above are for "Standard Teeko" (or "Teeko"). Steele showed that Advanced Teeko is a win for Black (assuming, again, that both players play perfectly), as is one other variation, but the other fourteen are draws.
Mark Owen composed a short opera, "Teeko" for tenor, chorus, and piano, based on the game, including memorable and rousing songs such as "Teeko is Rapidly Sweeping the World" and "Why do you Recommend Teeko for the Sick?" The first (and believed only) performance of Teeko was produced by Alan Sheppard and given on 29 January 1991 in the Old Combination Room, Trinity College, Cambridge
, hosted by the Trinity Mathematical Society. The performance lasted 30 minutes (including a 20 minute interval), and was preceded by an interview of composer and producer by David Quest.
Abstract strategy game
An abstract strategy game is a strategy game, aiming to minimise luck, and without a theme. Almost all abstract strategy games will conform to the strictest definition of: a board or card game, in which there is no hidden information, no non-deterministic elements , in which two players or teams...
invented by John Scarne
John Scarne
John Scarne was an American magician and book author who was particularly adept at playing card manipulation. He became known as an expert on cards and other games, and authored a number of popular books on cards, gambling, and related topics.-Early life:...
in 1937 and rereleased in refined form in 1952 and again in the 1960s. Teeko was marketed by Scarne's company, John Scarne Games Inc..
The Teeko board consists of twenty-five spaces arranged in a five-by-five grid. There are eight markers in a Teeko game, four black and four red. One player, "Black" plays the black markers, and the other, "Red", plays the red. Black moves first, and places one marker on any space on the board. Red then places a marker on any unoccupied space; black does the same; and so on until all eight markers are on the board. The object of the game is for either player to win by having his markers situated in a straight line (vertical, horizontal, or diagonal) or square of four adjacent spaces. (Adjacency is horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, but does not wrap around
Wraparound (Video Games)
Wraparound, in video games, is a gameplay variation on the single-screen in which space is finite but unbounded; objects leaving one side of the screen immediately reappear on the opposite side, maintaining speed and trajectory...
the edges of the board.) If neither player has won after the "drop" (when the eight pieces are put on the board), then it's attempted via the following method: The players alternate moving pieces one at a time, with Black playing first. A piece can only be moved to an adjacent space.
The rules, as summarized above, are very simple, but the strategy is complicated enough to fill a book, Scarne on Teeko, by Scarne
John Scarne
John Scarne was an American magician and book author who was particularly adept at playing card manipulation. He became known as an expert on cards and other games, and authored a number of popular books on cards, gambling, and related topics.-Early life:...
(1955). Nonetheless, Guy Steele solved the game (i.e., showed what must occur if both players play wisely) via computer
Computer
A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem...
in 1998: he found that neither player can force a win.
There are sixteen variations of Teeko, such as Advanced Teeko, which have slightly different rules. All sixteen are outlined in Scarne on Teeko; the rules above are for "Standard Teeko" (or "Teeko"). Steele showed that Advanced Teeko is a win for Black (assuming, again, that both players play perfectly), as is one other variation, but the other fourteen are draws.
Mark Owen composed a short opera, "Teeko" for tenor, chorus, and piano, based on the game, including memorable and rousing songs such as "Teeko is Rapidly Sweeping the World" and "Why do you Recommend Teeko for the Sick?" The first (and believed only) performance of Teeko was produced by Alan Sheppard and given on 29 January 1991 in the Old Combination Room, Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Trinity has more members than any other college in Cambridge or Oxford, with around 700 undergraduates, 430 graduates, and over 170 Fellows...
, hosted by the Trinity Mathematical Society. The performance lasted 30 minutes (including a 20 minute interval), and was preceded by an interview of composer and producer by David Quest.