Talang Tuwo inscription
Encyclopedia
Talang Tuwo inscription is a 7th century Srivijaya
inscription discovered by Louis Constant Westenenk on 17 November 1920 on the foot of Bukit Seguntang near Palembang
.
The inscription was discovered in good condition with clear inscribed scripts. Its size is 50cm × 80 cm stone block and dated from 606 Saka (corresponds to 23 March 684), written Pallava script in Old Malay
, consists of 14 lines. Van Ronkel and Bosch are the first scholars that translated th inscription, their works was published in Acta Orientalia.Since 1920 the inscription is stored in National Museum of Indonesia
, Jakarta
, under inventory number D.145.
language. Several words vocabularies are still recognizeable and intelligible in modern Malay language
and Indonesian language
. There is significant similarities and some modivications, such as the prefix di- was used to be ni-, the previx me- was used to be mar- or ma-, while the suffix -nya was used to be -na in their archaic form. Here are the examples: Old Malay, contemporary Malay and Indonesian, and their meanings in english
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Srivijaya
Srivijaya was a powerful ancient thalassocratic Malay empire based on the island of Sumatra, modern day Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia. The earliest solid proof of its existence dates from the 7th century; a Chinese monk, I-Tsing, wrote that he visited Srivijaya in 671 for 6...
inscription discovered by Louis Constant Westenenk on 17 November 1920 on the foot of Bukit Seguntang near Palembang
Palembang
Palembang is the capital city of the South Sumatra province in Indonesia. Palembang is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia, and has a history of being a capital of a maritime empire. Located on the Musi River banks on the east coast of southern Sumatra island, it has an area of 400.61 square...
.
The inscription was discovered in good condition with clear inscribed scripts. Its size is 50cm × 80 cm stone block and dated from 606 Saka (corresponds to 23 March 684), written Pallava script in Old Malay
Old Malay
The Old Malay language, also called Classical Malay, is the ancestor of the modern Malay language, including Indonesian and Malaysian. It developed in the now Melayu Kingdom of Sumatra. It was heavily influenced by Sanskrit and Kawi , and was grammatically quite similar to modern Malay.-Old...
, consists of 14 lines. Van Ronkel and Bosch are the first scholars that translated th inscription, their works was published in Acta Orientalia.Since 1920 the inscription is stored in National Museum of Indonesia
National Museum of Indonesia
The National Museum of Indonesia , is an archeological, historical, ethnological, and geographical museum located in Jakarta. Popularly known as Elephant Building after the elephant statue in its forecourt. Its broad and fascinating collections covers all of Indonesia's territory and almost all of...
, Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
, under inventory number D.145.
Original script
- Svasti
- cri cakavarsatita 606 dim dvitiya cuklapaksa vulan caitra
- sana tatkalana parlak Criksetra ini
- niparvuat parvan dapunta hyang Cri Yayanaca (-ga) ini pranidhanan dapunta hyang savanakna yang nitanam di sini
- niyur pinang hanau rumviya dngan samicrana yang kayu nimakan vuahna
- tathapi haur vuluh pattung ityevamadi
- punarapi yang varlak verkan dngan savad tlaga savanakna yang vualtku sucarita paravis prayojanakan punyana sarvvasatva sacaracara
- varopayana tmu sukha di asannakala di antara margga lai
- tmu muah ya ahara dngan air niminumna
- savanakna vuatna huma parlak mancak muah ya manghidupi pacu prakara
- marhulun tuvi vrddhi muah ya jangam ya niknai savanakna yang upasargga
- pidana svapnavighna
- varang vuatana kathamapi
- anukula yang graha naksatra pravis diya
- Nirvyadhi ajara kavuatanana
- tathapi savanakna yam khrtyana satyarjjava drdhabhakti muah ya dya
- yang mitrana tuvi janan ya kapata yang vivina mulang anukala bharyya muah ya
- varamsthanana lagi curi ucca vadhana paradara di sana punarapi tmu ya kalyanamitra
- marvvangun vodhicitta dngan maitridhari di dang hyang ratnaraya jangan marsarak dngan dang hyang ratnaraya.
- tathapi nityakala tyaga marcila ksanti marvvangun viryya rajin tahu di samicrana cilpakala paravis
- samahitacinta
- tmu ya prajna smrti medhavi
- punarapi dhairyyamani mahasattva vajracarira
- anubamacakti
- jaya tathapi jatismara
- avikalendriya
- mancak rupa
- subjaga hasin halap
- ade yavakya vrahmasvara
- jadi laki
- svayambtu
- puna (ra) pi tmu ya cintamaninidhana tmu janmavacita. karmmavacita clecavacita
- avasana tmu ya anuttarabhisamyaksam vodhi
Translation
The translation according to George Cœdès.Old Malay vocabularies
The inscriptions is among the earliest evidence of written archaic Old MalayOld Malay
The Old Malay language, also called Classical Malay, is the ancestor of the modern Malay language, including Indonesian and Malaysian. It developed in the now Melayu Kingdom of Sumatra. It was heavily influenced by Sanskrit and Kawi , and was grammatically quite similar to modern Malay.-Old...
language. Several words vocabularies are still recognizeable and intelligible in modern Malay language
Malay language
Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore...
and Indonesian language
Indonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
. There is significant similarities and some modivications, such as the prefix di- was used to be ni-, the previx me- was used to be mar- or ma-, while the suffix -nya was used to be -na in their archaic form. Here are the examples: Old Malay, contemporary Malay and Indonesian, and their meanings in english
- vulan = bulan = moon
- tatkalana = tatkalanya = while, during
- nivarbuat = diperbuat = performed
- savanakna = sebanyaknya = amount of
- nitanam = ditanam = planted
- niyur = nyiur = palm tree
- hanau = enau = Arenga plant
- rumvia = rumbia = Arenga fibers
- dngan = dengan = with
- nimakan = dimakan = being eaten
- vuahna = buahnya = fruits
- tathapi = tetapi = but
- haur = aur = aur (a type of bamboo)
- vuluh = buluh = vines, may also means bamboo
- pattung = betung (a type of bamboo)
- tlaga = telaga = pond, small lake
- punyana = punyanya = belong to
- tmu = temu, bertemu = meet
- margga = marga = clan
- sukha = suka = happiness, like
- niminumna = diminumnya = being drink
- savanakna = sebanyaknya, sebanyak-banyaknya = as many as possible
- vuatna = buatnya = for them
- manghidupi = menghidupi = to bring life
- prakara = perkara = issue, problem
- varang = barang = item
- vuatana = buatannya = made
- marvvangun = membangun = built
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See also
- Kedukan Bukit InscriptionKedukan Bukit InscriptionThe Kedukan Bukit Inscription was discovered by the Dutchman M. Batenburg on 29 November 1920 at Kedukan Bukit, South Sumatra, on the banks of the River Tatang, a tributary of the River Musi. It is the oldest surviving specimen of the Malay language, in a form known as Old Malay. It is a small...
- Telaga Batu inscriptionTelaga Batu inscriptionTelaga Batu iscription is a 7th century Srivijayan inscription discovered in Sabokingking, 3 Ilir, Ilir Timur II, Palembang, South Sumatra around 1950s. The iscription is now displayed in National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta, with inventory number D.155...
- Kota Kapur InscriptionKota Kapur InscriptionKota Kapur Inscription is an inscription discovered in western coast of Bangka Island, offcoast South Sumatra, Indonesia, by J.K. van der Meulen in December 1892. It was named after "Kotakapur" village, the location where this archaeological findings were discovered. This inscription is using old...