Table of keyboard shortcuts - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Computing

Computing is usually defined as the activity of using and improving computer hardware and software. It is the computer-specific part of information technology...

, a keyboard shortcut

Keyboard shortcut

In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a finite set of one or more keys that invoke a software or operating system operation when triggered by the user. A meaning of term "keyboard shortcut" can vary depending on software manufacturer...

is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer keyboard

Computer keyboard

In computing, a keyboard is a typewriter-style keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches...

which invokes commands in software.

Some keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously. Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout (localisation).

Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an essential element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal preference or for Adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions enables the comparison of keyboard shortcuts across different systems. The following sections detail some of these comparisons in widely used operating systems.

General shortcuts

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively...
Activate current application's Menu bar Menu bar A menu bar is a region of a screen or application interface where drop down menus are displayed. The menu bar's purpose is to supply a common housing for window- or application-specific menus which provide access to such functions as opening files, interacting with an application, or displaying...		With full keyboard access active: + (or ++ on some keyboards)		+
File menu File menu The File menu is a computer menu common to most file-handling computer programs with a GUI . It often appears as the first item in the menu bar, and contains commands relating to the handling of files, such as open, save, print, etc...	+	+, then	+	+, then
Edit menu Edit menu The Edit menu is a menu found in most computer programs that handle files, text or images. It is often the second menu in the menu bar, next to the file menu....	+	+, then	+	+, then
View menu	+	+, then	+
Undo Undo Undo is a command in many computer programs. It erases the last change done to the document reverting it to an older state. In some more advanced programs such as graphic processing, undo will negate the last command done to the file being edited.... the last operation	+	+	+	+, then or + or + or
Redo the last operation	+	++	++	Same as undo, when undo is exhausted, it redoes. Move the cursor after one or more undos, and further undos will be redos.
Cut the selected area and store it in the clipboard Clipboard (software) The clipboard is a software facility that can be used for short-term data storage and/or data transfer between documents or applications, via copy and paste operations...	+ or +	+	+	+
Copy the selected area into the clipboard Clipboard (software) The clipboard is a software facility that can be used for short-term data storage and/or data transfer between documents or applications, via copy and paste operations...	+, or +	+	+	+, or +
Paste contents of clipboard Clipboard (software) The clipboard is a software facility that can be used for short-term data storage and/or data transfer between documents or applications, via copy and paste operations... at cursor Cursor (computers) In computing, a cursor is an indicator used to show the position on a computer monitor or other display device that will respond to input from a text input or pointing device. The flashing text cursor may be referred to as a caret in some cases...	+, or +	+	+	+, or +, or
Paste special	++		++	+
Select everything in focused control or window	+	+	+	+, then
Toggle among installed keyboard languages	+	+ Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu.	++ via KDE Keyboard Layout Switcher keybinding component for KDE	+

Navigation

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...
Run new application	, enter executable name or +, enter executable name
Open new browser window with same page as current	+( then )
Make new folder	++(
Applications menu	or +
Lock desktop	+
Show desktop	+ or + (then use ++ to bring back all windows)
Switch active user	+
Task manager Task manager A task manager is a program used to provide information about the processes and programs running on a computer, as well as the general status of the computer. It can also be used to terminate processes and programs, as well as change the processes priority...	++, ++
Rename object
Open file or program
Switch to next/previous focused Focus (computing) In computing, the focus indicates the component of the graphical user interface which is currently selected to receive input. Text entered at the keyboard or pasted from a clipboard is sent to the component which currently has the focus. Moving the focus away from a specific user interface element... window	+ / ++
Switch focus to the next/previous window (without dialog)	+ / ++
Open the Run dialog box	+
Open the Search dialog box	, enter executable name or +
Change input orientation of "Search programs and files" field in Start Menu	+ (left) + (right) + (center)

Power management

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...
Place computer into sleep/standby mode	(available on some keyboards, configurable in Power Options dialog)	++	(available on some keyboards, configurable)
Shutdown computer		+++ (no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)	+++ (KDE; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate)
Restart computer		++ (no confirmation, restart is immediate)	+++ (KDE; no confirmation, restart is immediate)
Place display in sleep mode		++
Bring up power/sleep dialog box	+ (while on Desktop only)	+

Screenshots

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...
Save screenshot Screenshot A screenshot , screen capture , screen dump, screengrab , or print screen is an image taken by a computer to record the visible items displayed on the monitor, television, or another visual output device... of entire screen as file		++
Copy screenshot of entire screen to clipboard	or +	+++
Save screenshot of window as file		++ then	+ (GNOME)
Copy screenshot of window to clipboard	+	+++ then
Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard		+++
Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file		++

Text editing

Many of these commands may be combined with to select a region of text.

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively...
Delete char to the right of cursor		or +		, or +
Delete word to the right of cursor	+	+ or + +	+	+
Delete word to the left of cursor	+	+	+	+, or +
Go to start of line		+ or +		+, or
Go to end of line		+ or +		+, or
Go to start of document	+	+	+	+, or +
Go to end of document	+	+	+	+, or +
Go to previous word	+	+	+	+, or +, or +
Go to next word	+	+	+	+, or +, or +
Go to previous line				+, or
Go to next line				+, or
Go to previous line break (paragraph)	+	+	+ (kword or GNOME)	+, or +
Go to next line break	+	+	+ (kword or GNOME)	+, or +
Go to find	+	+ + (Search with current selection)	+ + (GNOME; interactive search)	+
Go to next search result		+	+ (GNOME)	+
Go to previous search result	+	++	++ (GNOME)	+
Search and replace	+	+	+ (GNOME)	+
Search a regular expression Regular expression In computing, a regular expression provides a concise and flexible means for "matching" strings of text, such as particular characters, words, or patterns of characters. Abbreviations for "regular expression" include "regex" and "regexp"...				++
Search and replace a regular expression				++,

Text formatting

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively...
Make selected text bold/regular	+	+	+
Toggle underlining of selected text	+	+	+
Make selected text italic/regular	+	+	+
Change to upper/lower case	+ (Office products only?)	++		+ for upper, + for lower, + for capitalized.
Make selected text superscript	++	++ (Pages only?)
Make selected text subscript	+	++ (Pages only?)

Browsers / Go menu

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...
Go to Browser	+ or + according language	+
Go to the previous location in history	+ or	+ or +	+
Go to the next location in history	+ or + (web browser only)	+ or +	+
Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy	+(Vista and 7 only) or (Windows Explorer)	+	+
Go to the starting page defined by the user or application	+	+	+ (KDE) / + (GNOME)

Web browsers

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively... -w3m W3m w3m is a free software/open source text-based web browser. It has support for tables, frames, SSL connections, color and inline images on suitable terminals...
Bookmarks menu	+	+ (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... )	+
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .com)	+	+ (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... ) or + (Chrome Google Chrome Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google that uses the WebKit layout engine. It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on September 2, 2008, and the public stable release was on December 11, 2008. The name is derived from the graphical user interface frame, or... )	+
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .org)	++	++ (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... )	++
URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .net)	+	+ (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... )	+
Add bookmark for current page	+	+	+ / +
Add bookmark for current link				+
Manage bookmarks	+	++ (Chrome Google Chrome Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google that uses the WebKit layout engine. It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on September 2, 2008, and the public stable release was on December 11, 2008. The name is derived from the graphical user interface frame, or... /Safari Safari (web browser) Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included with the Mac OS X and iOS operating systems. First released as a public beta on January 7, 2003 on the company's Mac OS X operating system, it became Apple's default browser beginning with Mac OS X v10.3 "Panther". Safari is also the... ) or ++ (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... )	++ / +
Web search	+	+ (Opera Opera (web browser) Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software with over 200 million users worldwide. The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting on IRC, downloading files via BitTorrent,... ) or + (Firefox Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers... ) or ++ (Safari Safari (web browser) Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included with the Mac OS X and iOS operating systems. First released as a public beta on January 7, 2003 on the company's Mac OS X operating system, it became Apple's default browser beginning with Mac OS X v10.3 "Panther". Safari is also the... )
Focus and select address bar	+ or or +	+	+ or
Refresh a webpage	or +	+	or +
Open a new window	+	+ (Chrome Google Chrome Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google that uses the WebKit layout engine. It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on September 2, 2008, and the public stable release was on December 11, 2008. The name is derived from the graphical user interface frame, or... )	+
Zoom Options (zoom in +, zoom out -, zoom 100%)	+ and + and +	+ and + and +	+ and + and +

Tab management

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... / GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively... -w3m W3m w3m is a free software/open source text-based web browser. It has support for tables, frames, SSL connections, color and inline images on suitable terminals...
Create a new tab	+	+	++ or ++ or +	+, then +
Close current tab	+	+	+ or ++ or + (GNOME?)	+, then +
Close all tabs but the current one				+, then +
Go to next tab	+

}} or ++ (Safari

Safari (web browser)

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included with the Mac OS X and iOS operating systems. First released as a public beta on January 7, 2003 on the company's Mac OS X operating system, it became Apple's default browser beginning with Mac OS X v10.3 "Panther". Safari is also the...

Safari (web browser)

Mozilla Firefox

Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. , Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 25% of worldwide usage share of web browsers...

/Opera

Opera (web browser)

Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software with over 200 million users worldwide. The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting on IRC, downloading files via BitTorrent,...

/Chrome

Google Chrome

Google Chrome is a web browser developed by Google that uses the WebKit layout engine. It was first released as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on September 2, 2008, and the public stable release was on December 11, 2008. The name is derived from the graphical user interface frame, or...

)
|
|}

Window management

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems...	GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...	Emacs Emacs Emacs is a class of text editors, usually characterized by their extensibility. GNU Emacs has over 1,000 commands. It also allows the user to combine these commands into macros to automate work.Development began in the mid-1970s and continues actively...
Pop up window menu	+		+	+	+, then
Close the focused window	+ or + or + or + then	+	+	+	+, then
Restore the focused window to its previous size	+ then			+	+, then , then , then letter of the window state register.
Move the focused window	+ then then		+Mouse / then then	+Mouse / then
Resize the focused window	+ then then		+ then then	+ then	+, then vertically
Hide the focused window		+			+, then bury-buffer RET, then
Minimize the focused window	+ then , or + (Windows 7 and Vista Home Premium)	+	+ then	+	+, then bury-buffer RET, then
Maximize the focused window	+ then , or + (Windows 7 only)		+ then	+	+, then
Maximize horizontally			Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Maximize vertically	++ (Windows 7 only)		Available, but no default	Available, but no default
Minimize all	+ or +	++	Available, but no default	++
Minimize all non focused windows	+ (Windows 7 only)		Available, but no default
Undo minimize all	++		Available, but no default	++
Switch fullscreen/normal size
Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar		Depends on application	++	+
Rollup/down window			Available, but no default	+
Show all open windows		or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner			+, then +
Show all windows of current application		or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner			+, then +
Show all workspaces		or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner
Move window to left/right/up/down workspace	+/ (Windows 7 only)			+++ / / /
Move window to workspace n			Available, but no default
Switch to next/previous workspace list			Available, but no default
Go to workspace n		+	+
Go to left/right/up/down workspace		+ / + / + / + (OS X 10.5 or later)		++ / / /
Show / hide desktop	+	or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner	++	++ user specific, no default
Activate window demanding attention
Quit application of current window	+ or + varies	+	++
Close dialog
Open/Focus (preview) pinned program on the taskbar	+ where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows 7 Taskbar (Windows 7 only)
Open new program window of pinned program in Quick Launch	+ where "#" is the position of the program on the Quick Launch toolbar (Windows Vista and 7)
Open new program window of the pinned program on the taskbar (if program is already opened)	++ where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows 7 Taskbar (Windows 7 only)
Focus the first taskbar entry. Pressing again will cycle through them	+ , you can back and forth. Hold to cycle backwards (Windows 7 only)
Peek at the desktop	+ (Windows 7 only)	or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner
Bring gadgets to the front of the Z-order and cycle between gadgets	+ (Windows Vista,7) or + (Vista only, no cycling)
External display options (mirror, extend desktop, etc.)	+ (Windows 7 only)

User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...	KDE KDE KDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems...	GNOME GNOME GNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...
Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control	/ +	/ +	/ +	/ + + / ++
Pop up tooltip for currently focused control	+			+
Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control	+	+	+	+
Give focus to next/previous pane	+ / +	+		/ +
Give focus to splitter bar in paned window
Give focus to window's menu bar	or	+ (or ++ on some keyboards)
Pop up contextual menu for currently selected objects (aka context menu)	+ or	Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type; enable Mouse keys Mouse keys Mouse keys is a feature of some graphical user interfaces that uses the keyboard as a pointing device... in Universal Access Universal Access Apple Universal Access is a component of the Mac OS X operating system that provides computing abilities to the blind, deaf, and handicapped.- Components :Universal Access is a preference pane of the System Preferences application... , then ++5 or +5 (numeric keypad) or ++i (laptop)		+
Toggle selected state of focused checkbox, radio button, or toggle button
Activate focused button, menu item etc.		(also for menu items)
Select/move to first/last item in selected widget			/	/
Scroll selected view by one page up/left/down/right		/ (or +}++ on some keyboards)		/ + / / +
Scroll selected view to top/bottom		or on MacBook Pro + + or on MacBook Pro + +
Switch focus to the next/previous tab within a window	+	+ / +
Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop				++ / +++
Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)				++ / +++

Command line shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment.

Action	Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe Cmd.exe Command Prompt is the Microsoft-supplied command-line interpreter on OS/2, Windows CE and on Windows NT-based operating systems... )	Microsoft Windows (Windows PowerShell Windows PowerShell Windows PowerShell is Microsoft's task automation framework, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language built on top of, and integrated with the .NET Framework... )	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (bash)	Unix/Linux/Mac OS X (POSIX shell)
Scroll through History of typed commands	/	/	/ or +/+	/
Signal end-of-file End-of-file In computing, end of file is a condition in a computer operating system where no more data can be read from a data source...	+		+
Abort current command/typing	+	+	+	+
Erase word to the left			+
Erase word to the right			+
Erase line to the left	+		+
Erase line to the right	+	+	+
Yank/paste previously erased string			+
Move one word to the left (backward)	+	+	+
Move one word to the right (forward)	+	+	+
Move to beginning of line			+
Move to end of line			+
Reverse search of history			+
Stop execution of the current job			+
Insert the next character typed verbatim			+
Autocomplete command/file name	(enabled by default in Windows XP and later)		(usually once)	(usually twice)
Scroll window up	+ (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)		+
Scroll window down	+ (may not work in some versions of Windows XP)		+

Accessibility

In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel.

Action	Windows Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...	Mac OS Mac OS Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The Macintosh user experience is credited with popularizing the graphical user interface...
Utility Manager	+
Use keyboard to control cursor	(++
Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time	( 5 times)
Hear beep when -lock key pressed	( for 5 seconds)
Stop/slow repeating characters when key is pressed	( for 8 seconds)
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode	++	+++

User interface shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used to select a User interface

User interface

The user interface, in the industrial design field of human–machine interaction, is the space where interaction between humans and machines occurs. The goal of interaction between a human and a machine at the user interface is effective operation and control of the machine, and feedback from the...

(UI).

Action	Microsoft Windows	Linux Linux Linux is a Unix-like computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The defining component of any Linux system is the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released October 5, 1991 by Linus Torvalds... X11	OS X
CLI		++ to ++
GUI		Usually ++ or ++
GPU enhanced GUI

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.