Swarzedz
Encyclopedia
Swarzędz ' is a town in central Poland
of 29,766 inhabitants and a mixed urban-rural commune (gmina miejsko-wiejska
) of 40,166 inhabitants (2006 estimates). It is situated in the Poznań
metropolitan area, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship
(since 1999), having previously been in Poznań Voivodeship
(1975-1998).
.
Due to its advantageous location on the route from Poznań
to Masovia the town developed well. The settlement was formerly in private ownership. Originally the property of the Łodziów family, from the 15th century it passed to the Górków family. In 1638 the town was granted town rights. In the 17th century, guild
s for tradesmen and craftsmen were formed. In 1793 during the 2nd Division of Poland
the town of some 2.508 inhabitants came under Prussian rule
. In 1798 448 craftsmen lived in the town. Of these, 70 were cloth makers and 36 weavers. In 1807 Swarzędz became part of the Duchy of Warsaw
, though when the Duchy collapsed in 1815, the town again fell under Prussian rule.
At the end of the 19th century carpentry
flourished. In 1887 the town was connected to the railroad from Poznań to Września
and thus received another important means of transport to other parts of the country, together with the road from Warsaw
to Poznań. In 1919, after the First World War, Swarzędz was again returned to Poland, but was occupied by the Third Reich at the beginning of the Second World War. From 1941 to 1943 a labour camp for Jews was located here.
) has an area of 102.09 km², on which 40,166 people (2006 est.) live in 21 townships. These include Bogucin, Garby, Gortatowo, Gruszczyn, Janikowo, Jasin, Karłowice, Kobylnica, Kruszewnia, Łowęcin, Nowa Wieś Poznańska, Paczkowo, Puszczykowo-Zaborze, Rabowice, Sarbinowo, Sokolniki Gwiazdowskie, Uzarzewo, Wierzenica, Wierzonka, and Zalasewo. Most of the municipality's population, however, live in its largest town, Swarzędz, which has a population of 29,766 and a land area of only 8.58 km². It is the fourth most densely populated
city (miasto) in Poland at 3,469.2 inhabitants/km² (following Świętochłowice, Piastów
, and Legionowo
). It is also the most densely populated urban part of any Polish urban-rural gmina
.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
of 29,766 inhabitants and a mixed urban-rural commune (gmina miejsko-wiejska
Gmina
The gmina is the principal unit of administrative division of Poland at its lowest uniform level. It is often translated as "commune" or "municipality." As of 2010 there were 2,479 gminas throughout the country...
) of 40,166 inhabitants (2006 estimates). It is situated in the Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
metropolitan area, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship
Wielkopolska Voivodeship , or Greater Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Poznań, Kalisz, Konin, Piła and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998...
(since 1999), having previously been in Poznań Voivodeship
Poznan Voivodeship
-1975 to 1998:From 1975 to 1998, Poznań Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland, superseded by Greater Poland Voivodeship.Capital city: Poznań.Major cities and towns :...
(1975-1998).
General
The town lies directly on the route E92 and includes an aerosport facility run by the Poznań flying club, Wanda Modlibiowska. There are various companies based in the town, in particular carpentry and upholstering businesses. In addition a bicycle path from Poznań runs through the Dębiniec nature reserve and finally through the town to PobiedziskaPobiedziska
Pobiedziska is a town in Poznań County, Poland, with 8,209 inhabitants as of the year 2004. It is also the seat of the administrative district called Gmina Pobiedziska.The town's name comes from the word pobieda meaning victory...
.
History
The documentary evidence for a settlement on the site of modern day Swarzędz comes from 1366. In 1377 there is mention of a rectory in the settlement.Due to its advantageous location on the route from Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
to Masovia the town developed well. The settlement was formerly in private ownership. Originally the property of the Łodziów family, from the 15th century it passed to the Górków family. In 1638 the town was granted town rights. In the 17th century, guild
Guild
A guild is an association of craftsmen in a particular trade. The earliest types of guild were formed as confraternities of workers. They were organized in a manner something between a trade union, a cartel, and a secret society...
s for tradesmen and craftsmen were formed. In 1793 during the 2nd Division of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
the town of some 2.508 inhabitants came under Prussian rule
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
. In 1798 448 craftsmen lived in the town. Of these, 70 were cloth makers and 36 weavers. In 1807 Swarzędz became part of the Duchy of Warsaw
Duchy of Warsaw
The Duchy of Warsaw was a Polish state established by Napoleon I in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia under the terms of the Treaties of Tilsit. The duchy was held in personal union by one of Napoleon's allies, King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony...
, though when the Duchy collapsed in 1815, the town again fell under Prussian rule.
At the end of the 19th century carpentry
Carpentry
A carpenter is a skilled craftsperson who works with timber to construct, install and maintain buildings, furniture, and other objects. The work, known as carpentry, may involve manual labor and work outdoors....
flourished. In 1887 the town was connected to the railroad from Poznań to Września
Wrzesnia
Września is a town in central Poland with 28,600 inhabitants . It is situated in the Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship , previously in Poznań Voivodeship , on the Wrzesnica River.- History :...
and thus received another important means of transport to other parts of the country, together with the road from Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
to Poznań. In 1919, after the First World War, Swarzędz was again returned to Poland, but was occupied by the Third Reich at the beginning of the Second World War. From 1941 to 1943 a labour camp for Jews was located here.
Places of interest
- There is an open-air museum (the Professor Ryszard Kostecki museum) relating to beekeepingBeekeepingBeekeeping is the maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in hives, by humans. A beekeeper keeps bees in order to collect honey and other products of the hive , to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers...
across Europe, one of the branches of the National Museum of Agriculture in SzreniawaNational Museum of Agriculture in SzreniawaThe National Museum of Agriculture in Szreniawa is a museum whose main site is in the village of Szreniawa, south of Poznań in western Poland. It was founded in 1964, and gained the status of National Museum in 1975...
. - In the neighbouring town of UzarzewoUzarzewoUzarzewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Swarzędz, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Swarzędz and east of the regional capital Poznań....
there is a park from the 19th century with a farmstead constructed between 1860 and 1865. There is a Hunting Museum there. - In the village of Wierzenica there is a wooden church, St. Nikolaus, dating from the second half of the 16th century. At the church is the grave of August CieszkowskiAugust CieszkowskiCount August Cieszkowski was a Polish philosopher, economist and social and political activist...
(1814-1894). Near the village there is a graveyard with graves dating back to the Bronze AgeBronze AgeThe Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...
. - The church of St. Martin in Swarzędz (18th century).
- Church of the Archangel Michael in UzarzewoUzarzewoUzarzewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Swarzędz, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Swarzędz and east of the regional capital Poznań....
.
Local district
The Swarzędz municipality (Gmina SwarzędzGmina Swarzedz
Gmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań....
) has an area of 102.09 km², on which 40,166 people (2006 est.) live in 21 townships. These include Bogucin, Garby, Gortatowo, Gruszczyn, Janikowo, Jasin, Karłowice, Kobylnica, Kruszewnia, Łowęcin, Nowa Wieś Poznańska, Paczkowo, Puszczykowo-Zaborze, Rabowice, Sarbinowo, Sokolniki Gwiazdowskie, Uzarzewo, Wierzenica, Wierzonka, and Zalasewo. Most of the municipality's population, however, live in its largest town, Swarzędz, which has a population of 29,766 and a land area of only 8.58 km². It is the fourth most densely populated
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
city (miasto) in Poland at 3,469.2 inhabitants/km² (following Świętochłowice, Piastów
Piastów
Piastów is a town in central Poland, near Warsaw, with 23,331 inhabitants . It is situated in the Masovian Voivodship ; previously, it was in Warszawa Voivodship...
, and Legionowo
Legionowo
Legionowo is a town in Masovia . According to the 2004 Census estimate the town has a total population of 50,759.Legionowo is located ca. 23 km to the north-east of the center of Warsaw and only 7 km to the south of Zegrze Reservoir , near the Warsaw-Gdańsk railroad and Warsaw-Suwałki...
). It is also the most densely populated urban part of any Polish urban-rural gmina
Gmina
The gmina is the principal unit of administrative division of Poland at its lowest uniform level. It is often translated as "commune" or "municipality." As of 2010 there were 2,479 gminas throughout the country...
.
External links
- Official website
- Much of the information contained in this article was translated from the German version