Sun Jiao
Encyclopedia
Sun Jiao style name
Shulang (叔朗), was the third son of Sun Jing
, younger brother of the warlord Sun Jian
during the late Han Dynasty
period of Chinese history
. Along with the rest of his family, Sun Jiao served Eastern Wu
as a military general. He was also the younger brother of Sun Yu. He served under Sun Ce
, and subsequently Sun Quan
. After defending Ruxu
(濡須) in 213, his leadership skills were highly praised by all with whom he served.
In reward for his deeds at Ruxu, he was chosen to succeed Cheng Pu
as commander of Xiakou when Cheng was promoted to a higher position. In addition, he was given commands of two prominent Wu generals who had died: his elder brother Sun Yu and Huang Gai
.
Sun Jiao's biography in Chen Shou
's Records of Three Kingdoms
stated that once, while drinking with fellow commander Gan Ning
, Sun Jiao made a comment under the influence of alcohol that deeply offended Gan, who sent a letter to Sun Quan requesting a transfer from Sun Jiao's command to Lü Meng
's. As his advisor Zhuge Jin
was Sun Jiao's closest friend, Sun Quan sent him to admonish Sun Jiao for offending Gan. Thus reprimanded, Sun Jiao personally apologized to Gan Ning, and the two became close friends.
Sun Jiao earned merits in the 215 campaign on Jing Province, in which Eastern Wu forces overran several of Liu Bei
's commanderies in the province. In 219, Sun participated in a second invasion
of Liu Bei's holdings in Jing Province. When preparing for the battle, Sun Quan intended for Sun Jiao and Lü Meng to hold joint command over the military, much as his generals Zhou Yu
and Cheng Pu had during the Battle of Red Cliffs
. Lü Meng, however, advised Sun Quan against this arrangement, as it could lead to dissention in the ranks, and asked him to choose whomever he saw fit for the position. In the end, Lü was chosen, and Sun Jiao participated under his command. There is no record of Sun Jiao feeling slighted by this arrangement.
The campaign was a resounding success, with Liu Bei's trusted associate and prized general, Guan Yu
, being captured and executed. Sun Jiao himself earned numerous merits in the campaign, but not long after Guan Yu's execution, he himself died of sudden illness.
Chinese style name
A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name , is a given name to be used later in life. After 20 years of age, the zì is assigned in place of one's given name as a symbol of adulthood and respect...
Shulang (叔朗), was the third son of Sun Jing
Sun Jing
Sun Jing was a younger brother of the warlord Sun Jian during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. Sun Jing became well known for admonishing the attack led by Sun Jian against Liu Biao. After the death of Sun Jian, Sun Jing became the adviser to Sun Jian's oldest son, Sun Ce. Sun Jing...
, younger brother of the warlord Sun Jian
Sun Jian
Sun Jian was a military general and warlord during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He allied himself with Yuan Shu in 190 when warlords from eastern China formed a coalition to oust Dong Zhuo, a tyrannical warlord who held the puppet Emperor Xian in his power...
during the late Han Dynasty
Han Dynasty
The Han Dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han. It was briefly interrupted by the Xin Dynasty of the former regent Wang Mang...
period of Chinese history
History of China
Chinese civilization originated in various regional centers along both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valleys in the Neolithic era, but the Yellow River is said to be the Cradle of Chinese Civilization. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the world's oldest...
. Along with the rest of his family, Sun Jiao served Eastern Wu
Eastern Wu
Eastern Wu, also known as Sun Wu, was one the three states competing for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period after the fall of the Han Dynasty. It was based in the Jiangnan region of China...
as a military general. He was also the younger brother of Sun Yu. He served under Sun Ce
Sun Ce
Sun Ce was a military general and warlord during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was the oldest of the children of Sun Jian who was killed during the Battle of Xiangyang when Sun Ce was only 16. Sun Ce then broke away from his father's overlord, Yuan Shu, and headed to...
, and subsequently Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Quan , son of Sun Jian, formally Emperor Da of Wu, was the founder of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. He ruled from 222 to 229 as King of Wu and from 229 to 252 as Emperor of Wu....
. After defending Ruxu
Battle of Ruxukou
The Battle of Ruxukou, also known as the Battle of Ruxu, was fought between the warlords Sun Quan and Cao Cao in 217 during the prelude to the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. Two years earlier, Sun Quan attempted to take control of Hefei fortress, but failed due to a sudden plague and the...
(濡須) in 213, his leadership skills were highly praised by all with whom he served.
In reward for his deeds at Ruxu, he was chosen to succeed Cheng Pu
Cheng Pu
Cheng Pu was a military general serving under the warlord Sun family of Eastern Wu for three generations during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history.-Early service under Sun Jian:...
as commander of Xiakou when Cheng was promoted to a higher position. In addition, he was given commands of two prominent Wu generals who had died: his elder brother Sun Yu and Huang Gai
Huang Gai
Huang Gai was a military general who served the warlord Sun family of Eastern Wu for three generations during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history...
.
Sun Jiao's biography in Chen Shou
Chen Shou
Chen Shou was a historian during the Jin Dynasty period of Chinese history. He is best known as the author of Records of Three Kingdoms, a historical account of the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period.-Biography:...
's Records of Three Kingdoms
Records of Three Kingdoms
Records of Three Kingdoms , is regarded as the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history covering the years 184-280 CE. Written by Chen Shou in the 3rd century, the work combines the smaller histories of the rival states of Cao Wei , Shu Han and...
stated that once, while drinking with fellow commander Gan Ning
Gan Ning
Gan Ning was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was born in Linjiang, Ba Commandery .-Early life as a pirate:...
, Sun Jiao made a comment under the influence of alcohol that deeply offended Gan, who sent a letter to Sun Quan requesting a transfer from Sun Jiao's command to Lü Meng
Lü Meng
Lü Meng was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He served as the commanding general in the invasion of Jing Province that led to the death of Guan Yu.-Early life:Lü Meng was born in Fupo, Runan Commandery in 178...
's. As his advisor Zhuge Jin
Zhuge Jin
Zhuge Jin , style name Ziyu , was a military general and politician of Eastern Wu during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history.-Early life:...
was Sun Jiao's closest friend, Sun Quan sent him to admonish Sun Jiao for offending Gan. Thus reprimanded, Sun Jiao personally apologized to Gan Ning, and the two became close friends.
Sun Jiao earned merits in the 215 campaign on Jing Province, in which Eastern Wu forces overran several of Liu Bei
Liu Bei
Liu Bei , also known as Liu Xuande, was a warlord, military general and later the founding emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history...
's commanderies in the province. In 219, Sun participated in a second invasion
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province was a battle fought between the warlords Sun Quan and Liu Bei in 219 during the prelude to the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. Sun Quan's forces, led by Lü Meng, invaded Liu Bei's territory of Jing Province , which was defended by Guan Yu, and succeeded...
of Liu Bei's holdings in Jing Province. When preparing for the battle, Sun Quan intended for Sun Jiao and Lü Meng to hold joint command over the military, much as his generals Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu was a military general and strategist who served his close friend, the warlord Sun Ce, during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history...
and Cheng Pu had during the Battle of Red Cliffs
Battle of Red Cliffs
The Battle of Red Cliffs, otherwise known as the Battle of Chibi, was a decisive battle at the end of the Han Dynasty, immediately prior to the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history. It was fought in the winter of 208/9 AD between the allied forces of the southern warlords Liu Bei and Sun Quan...
. Lü Meng, however, advised Sun Quan against this arrangement, as it could lead to dissention in the ranks, and asked him to choose whomever he saw fit for the position. In the end, Lü was chosen, and Sun Jiao participated under his command. There is no record of Sun Jiao feeling slighted by this arrangement.
The campaign was a resounding success, with Liu Bei's trusted associate and prized general, Guan Yu
Guan Yu
Guan Yu was a general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He played a significant role in the civil war that led to the collapse of the Han Dynasty and the establishment of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period, of which Liu Bei was the...
, being captured and executed. Sun Jiao himself earned numerous merits in the campaign, but not long after Guan Yu's execution, he himself died of sudden illness.