Sultan Mehmud Khurd
Encyclopedia
Sultan Mehmud Khurd was the last ruler of the sarkar
of Pakhli
in Hazara, Pakistan. One of his brothers, Sultan Qiassuddin, was Wali-e-Tanawal, and the Wali-e-Upper Tanawal was Sultan Sahwaj. His brother, Sultan Muqarrab, was Wali-e-Dhamtor.
. This incident weakened the Turks.
Pakhli had two important governments: one between Battagram and Thakot
ruled by Shamsher Khan and the other of Kashmir
ruled by Sultan Kamal. Both of the rulers were close relatives of Turkish
rulers of Pakhli.
In 1713, Sultan Khurd went to Delhi
. One of the Sultan's daughters was married to Syed Jalal Baba, who took advantage of Khurd's absence to invite the Swatis to invade Pakhli. The conspiracy succeeded. Shamsher Khan, a general loyal to Khurd, resisted at the Jhanjal fort of Thakot
. After a siege of several months, Baba's forces defeated Shamsher Khan, who was killed in combat.
After the fall of Jhanjer, there was no resistance; due to the ages of the Sultan's sons and the conspiracy of Baba, the Turks could not offer resistance. Swatis entered Hazara, pushing the Turks into areas of Hazara and Kashmir. The Turks retained small jagir
s and have never been fully eliminated from the locations. They settled in Behali
of the Mansehra District
, and in Mankrai
of the Haripur District
. Pakhli was the only state in India
which retained its independence; Mughals exempted the citizens from paying taxes.
Sarkar (country subdivision)
Sarkar is an historic administrative unit, used mostly in the Muslim states of the South Asia. It was a territorial division of a Suba or province. A Sarkar was further divided into territorial divisions for the administrative purpose which were called Mahallas or Parganas. The Mahallas or...
of Pakhli
Pakhli
Pakhli was an ancient sarkar of the Mughal Subah of Punjab, now part of Hazara, Pakistan. It roughly corresponds to the ancient Urasa, the Aρσa or Οΰaρσa which Ptolemy placed between the Bidaspes and the Indus....
in Hazara, Pakistan. One of his brothers, Sultan Qiassuddin, was Wali-e-Tanawal, and the Wali-e-Upper Tanawal was Sultan Sahwaj. His brother, Sultan Muqarrab, was Wali-e-Dhamtor.
History
Sultan Maqarrab revolted against Sultan Mehmud Khud, but was defeated by the Delhi SultanateDelhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...
. This incident weakened the Turks.
Pakhli had two important governments: one between Battagram and Thakot
Thakot
Thakot is a tribal town on the Indus River in Battagram District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is also one of twenty Union Councils of Battagram District, and one of twelve in Battagram Tehsil. It is located at 34°45'0N 72°55'0E at an altitude of 1131 m ,Most of the people living here...
ruled by Shamsher Khan and the other of Kashmir
Kashmir
Kashmir is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range...
ruled by Sultan Kamal. Both of the rulers were close relatives of Turkish
Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are peoples residing in northern, central and western Asia, southern Siberia and northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds...
rulers of Pakhli.
In 1713, Sultan Khurd went to Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
. One of the Sultan's daughters was married to Syed Jalal Baba, who took advantage of Khurd's absence to invite the Swatis to invade Pakhli. The conspiracy succeeded. Shamsher Khan, a general loyal to Khurd, resisted at the Jhanjal fort of Thakot
Thakot
Thakot is a tribal town on the Indus River in Battagram District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is also one of twenty Union Councils of Battagram District, and one of twelve in Battagram Tehsil. It is located at 34°45'0N 72°55'0E at an altitude of 1131 m ,Most of the people living here...
. After a siege of several months, Baba's forces defeated Shamsher Khan, who was killed in combat.
After the fall of Jhanjer, there was no resistance; due to the ages of the Sultan's sons and the conspiracy of Baba, the Turks could not offer resistance. Swatis entered Hazara, pushing the Turks into areas of Hazara and Kashmir. The Turks retained small jagir
Jagir
In historic India, a jagir was a small territory granted by the ruler to an army chieftain in fairly short terms usually of three years but not extending beyond his lifetime, in recognition of his military service...
s and have never been fully eliminated from the locations. They settled in Behali
Behali
Bahali is a village and union council of the Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Bahali is part of Mansehra Tehsil and is located at the boundary area of the Mansehra district and the Abbottabad district, west from the Karakurram highway at Qalanderabad. It is a valley...
of the Mansehra District
Mansehra District
Mansehra District is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, an area still unofficially known as the Northwest Frontier. Mansehra district and town are named after Man Singh, a leading general of Mughal Emperor Akbar...
, and in Mankrai
Mankrai
Mankrai is one of the 44 union councils, administrative subdivions, of Haripur District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.Union Nazim is Mati-ur-Rehman.and Naib Nazim is Syed Najaaf Ali Shah. There are 9 villages in U/C Manakri, Pharala, Mohrar Mamdoo , MAKHAN , DOBANDI ,...
of the Haripur District
Haripur District
Haripur is a district in the Hazara region of Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa, province of Pakistan with an altitude of around above sea level. Haripur District has the highest Human Development Index of all the districts in the Hazara....
. Pakhli was the only state in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
which retained its independence; Mughals exempted the citizens from paying taxes.