Sultan Mahmud Power Station
Encyclopedia
Sultan Mahmud Power Station or Kenyir Dam (Malay: Empangan Kenyir) is the hydroelectric dam which forms Kenyir Lake
, Terengganu
, Malaysia. It is located 50 km southwest of Kuala Terengganu
on the Kenyir River. The project is a multipurpose hydroelectric power and flood mitigation
scheme.
Construction started in 1978 and was completed in 1985. In 1987 the dam was officially opened by Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
the Sultan of Terengganu
. The dam's power station was named after the Sultan as the "Sultan Mahmud Hydro Electric Power Station". The station is operated by Tenaga Nasional Berhad.
The dam is 150 meters in height above foundation, with a crest length of 800 meters, and the dam fill volume is 15.20 million cubic meters. Crest elevation is 155 meters above sea level (ASL) while maximum flood level is 153 meters. The maximum operating level is 145 meters and a minimum of 120 meters. The reservoir
surface area at 145 meters ASL is 370 km², and with a catchment area
of 2,600 km². Storage capacity is 13,600 million cubic meters.
In case of overflow during monsoon seasons there is a spillway
that is ungated/free flow, with a maximum capacity of 7,000 cubic meters per second. Water flows through four penstock
s into four turbines
turning four air-cooled electric generators rated at 100 megawatt each.
Kenyir Lake
Tasik Kenyir or Kenyir Lake is an artificial lake located in the state of Terengganu in northeast Malaysia created in 1985 by the damming of the Kenyir River to create the Sultan Mahmud Power Station.-Geography:...
, Terengganu
Terengganu
Terengganu is a sultanate and constitutive state of federal Malaysia. The state is also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Iman...
, Malaysia. It is located 50 km southwest of Kuala Terengganu
Kuala Terengganu
-Transport:The city is connected to other towns via a good network of roads and also some ferries that ply the Terengganu River. The Sultan Mahmud Bridge, a bridge over the Terengganu River, provides a road link to both banks of the river...
on the Kenyir River. The project is a multipurpose hydroelectric power and flood mitigation
Flood mitigation
Flood mitigation involves managing the effects of flooding, such as redirecting flood run-off, rather than trying to prevent it altogether. It is management of people, through measures such as evacuation and dry/wet proofing properties for example....
scheme.
History
The Kenyir River was first identified for hydroelectric potential in 1961 but it proved uneconomical due to low energy demand and high cost of construction. Years later in 1972 the Malaysian government revived the study and further site investigations were proceeded.Construction started in 1978 and was completed in 1985. In 1987 the dam was officially opened by Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
Almarhum Al-Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Al-Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah Al-Haj was the 16th Sultan of Terengganu from 1979 to 1998.-Life:Sultan Mahmud was born in 29 April 1930 in Kuala Terengganu...
the Sultan of Terengganu
Sultan of Terengganu
Sultan of Terengganu is the title of the constitutional head of Terengganu state in Malaysia. The current sultan, Mizan Zainal Abidin, is the seventeenth Sultan of Terengganu...
. The dam's power station was named after the Sultan as the "Sultan Mahmud Hydro Electric Power Station". The station is operated by Tenaga Nasional Berhad.
Kenyir dam technical specifications
The power station is a hydroelectric power station, using four turbines of 100 megawatt each. Continuous power output is 165 MW. Average annual energy output is 1,600 GWh.The dam is 150 meters in height above foundation, with a crest length of 800 meters, and the dam fill volume is 15.20 million cubic meters. Crest elevation is 155 meters above sea level (ASL) while maximum flood level is 153 meters. The maximum operating level is 145 meters and a minimum of 120 meters. The reservoir
Reservoir
A reservoir , artificial lake or dam is used to store water.Reservoirs may be created in river valleys by the construction of a dam or may be built by excavation in the ground or by conventional construction techniques such as brickwork or cast concrete.The term reservoir may also be used to...
surface area at 145 meters ASL is 370 km², and with a catchment area
Drainage basin
A drainage basin is an extent or an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point, usually the exit of the basin, where the waters join another waterbody, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea, or ocean...
of 2,600 km². Storage capacity is 13,600 million cubic meters.
In case of overflow during monsoon seasons there is a spillway
Spillway
A spillway is a structure used to provide the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically being the river that was dammed. In the UK they may be known as overflow channels. Spillways release floods so that the water does not overtop and damage or even destroy...
that is ungated/free flow, with a maximum capacity of 7,000 cubic meters per second. Water flows through four penstock
Penstock
A penstock is a sluice or gate or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydraulic turbines and sewerage systems. It is a term that has been inherited from the technology of wooden watermills....
s into four turbines
Water turbine
A water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water.Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now they are mostly used for electric power generation. They harness a clean and renewable energy...
turning four air-cooled electric generators rated at 100 megawatt each.