Sudebnik of 1550
Encyclopedia
Sudebnik of tsar Ivan IV , a revised code of laws instituted by his grandfather Ivan the Great
. This code can be considered as the result of the first Russia
n parliament of the feudal Estates type (Zemsky Sobor
) of 1549.
The Sudebnik of 1550 liquidated judicial privileges of the aristocracy and strengthened the role of the system of the judicial bodies of the state.
The Sudebnik provided the active participation of the elective representatives of local communities (rural heads, jurymen, tselovalniki,dvorskie etc) in the legal proceedings.
According to the Sudebnik the arrest of suspected person could be made at the consent of the local community only. The representative of a community (dyak) participated in judicial office-work.
According to the Sudebnik the town and rural communities had rights of the self-management and the distribution of taxes.
Also the Sudebnik confirmed the right of peasants to leave their feudal lords. The law precisely defined the peasant had the right to leave the landowner after the payment of two fixed fees ("break-away" fee called pozhiloye and the transportation fee called povoz).
Ivan III of Russia
Ivan III Vasilyevich , also known as Ivan the Great, was a Grand Prince of Moscow and "Grand Prince of all Rus"...
. This code can be considered as the result of the first Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n parliament of the feudal Estates type (Zemsky Sobor
Zemsky Sobor
The zemsky sobor was the first Russian parliament of the feudal Estates type, in the 16th and 17th centuries. The term roughly means assembly of the land. It could be summoned either by tsar, or patriarch, or the Boyar Duma...
) of 1549.
The Sudebnik of 1550 liquidated judicial privileges of the aristocracy and strengthened the role of the system of the judicial bodies of the state.
The Sudebnik provided the active participation of the elective representatives of local communities (rural heads, jurymen, tselovalniki,dvorskie etc) in the legal proceedings.
According to the Sudebnik the arrest of suspected person could be made at the consent of the local community only. The representative of a community (dyak) participated in judicial office-work.
According to the Sudebnik the town and rural communities had rights of the self-management and the distribution of taxes.
Also the Sudebnik confirmed the right of peasants to leave their feudal lords. The law precisely defined the peasant had the right to leave the landowner after the payment of two fixed fees ("break-away" fee called pozhiloye and the transportation fee called povoz).
Sources
- The encyclopedia Brockhaus and Efron, Moscow, 1993
- Беляев И.Д. Крестьяне на Руси. Исследование о постепенном изменении значения крестьян в русском обществе. М. 1891 Типография Общества распространения полезных книг