States of Colombia
Encyclopedia
States of Colombia existed from February 27, 1855 in the Republic of New Granada
and the Granadine Confederation
, were they were called "federal states". In the United States of Colombia
they were called "sovereign states".
In 1886 the Republic of Colombia abolished the states and divided the country into the departments of Colombia
.
after the disestablishment of Gran Colombia
and that was ratified by the constitution of 1843, was soon challenged; particularly the provinces of Azuero, Chiriquí
, Panamá
, and Veraguas
, who were demanding an autonomous status. The Constitution of 1853 opened the way so that on February 27, 1855 Panamá State
could be created within the Republic of New Granada.
Soon others followed suit, regionalism was too strong, and in order to prevent a breakup like the one Greater Colombia had, with Venezuela
and Ecuador
leaving the union, congress allowed the creation of other federal states:
The Law of June 15, 1857, created the other states that would go on to form the Granadine Confederation:
The nation was formed by the union of these Sovereign States which were confederated in perpetuity to form a Sovereign Nation, free and independent under the name of the “Granadine Confederation”.
as its Federal Capital.
On July 12, 1861, after raising in arms against the constitutional government of the president Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
, the general Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera
created the Tolima State
, carved out of Cundinamarca State
. This was confirmed and legalized by the rest of the states of the Colombian Union, by means of Article 41 of the Pact of the Union on September 20, 1861, reaffirming the legality of the institutionalism of Tolima
Republic of New Granada
The Republic of New Granada was a centralist republic consisting primarily of present-day Colombia and Panama with smaller portions of today's Ecuador, and Venezuela. It was created after the dissolution in 1830 of Gran Colombia. It was later abolished in 1858 when the Granadine Confederation was...
and the Granadine Confederation
Granadine Confederation
The Granadine Confederation was a short-lived federal republic established in 1858 as a result of a constitutional change replacing the Republic of New Granada. It comprised the present day nations of Colombia and Panama...
, were they were called "federal states". In the United States of Colombia
United States of Colombia
The United States of Colombia was the name adopted in 1861 through the Rionegro Constitution for the nation which had been known as the Republic of New Granada since the dissolution of the federation of Gran Colombia in 1830-1831....
they were called "sovereign states".
In 1886 the Republic of Colombia abolished the states and divided the country into the departments of Colombia
Departments of Colombia
Colombia is an unitary republic formed by thirty-two departments and a Capital District . Each department has a Governor and a Department Assembly , elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods...
.
Republic of New Granada
The centralist structure that came to be in the Republic of New GranadaRepublic of New Granada
The Republic of New Granada was a centralist republic consisting primarily of present-day Colombia and Panama with smaller portions of today's Ecuador, and Venezuela. It was created after the dissolution in 1830 of Gran Colombia. It was later abolished in 1858 when the Granadine Confederation was...
after the disestablishment of Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia
Gran Colombia is a name used today for the state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831. This short-lived republic included the territories of present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Panama, northern Peru and northwest Brazil. The...
and that was ratified by the constitution of 1843, was soon challenged; particularly the provinces of Azuero, Chiriquí
Chiriquí Province
Chiriquí is a province of Panama, it is located on the western coast of Panama, and it is also the second most developed province in the country, after the Panamá Province. Its capital is the city of David. It has a total area of 6,490.9 km², with a population of 416,873 as of the year 2010...
, Panamá
Panamá Province
Panamá is a major province of the country of Panama, containing the capital city, Panama City. The governor of the province is Mayin Correa, a former mayor of Panama City and elected by President Martinelli after being sworn in on July 1, 2009.-Districts:...
, and Veraguas
Veraguas Province
Veraguas is a province of Panama, located in the centre-west of the country. The capital is the city of Santiago de Veraguas. The province covers 10,677.2 km² and is divided into twelve districts.-History:...
, who were demanding an autonomous status. The Constitution of 1853 opened the way so that on February 27, 1855 Panamá State
Panama State
Panamá State was one of the states of Colombia. Created 27 February 1855 under the name Estado Federal de Panamá...
could be created within the Republic of New Granada.
Soon others followed suit, regionalism was too strong, and in order to prevent a breakup like the one Greater Colombia had, with Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
and Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
leaving the union, congress allowed the creation of other federal states:
- The Federal State of Antioquia was created from Antioquia Province on June 11, 1856.
- The Federal State of Santander, which included the provinces of SocorroSocorro ProvinceSocorro Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. It belonged to the Boyacá Department which was created in 1824....
and PamplonaPamplona ProvincePamplona Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. It belonged to the Boyacá Department which was created in 1824....
, was created May 13, 1857.
The Law of June 15, 1857, created the other states that would go on to form the Granadine Confederation:
- The Federal State of Bolívar (Estado Federal de Bolívar), which included the Cartagena ProvinceCartagena ProvinceCartagena Province was a province of Gran Colombia. With the 1824 changes in the subdivisions of Gran Colombia, it became part of Magdalena Department....
. - The Federal State of Boyacá (Estado Federal de Boyacá), which included the provinces of TunjaTunja ProvinceTunja Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. It belonged to the Boyacá Department which was created in 1824....
, Tundama, CasanareCasanare ProvinceCasanare Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. It belonged to the Boyacá Department which was created in 1824....
, and the cantons of ChiquinquiráChiquinquiráChiquinquirá is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Western Boyacá Province. Located some 115 km north of Bogotá, Chiquinquirá is 2570m above sea level and has a yearly average temperature 58°F....
and VélezVelez- Places :* Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, Spain* Vélez de Benaudalla, Spain* Vélez Sársfield , Buenos Aires, Argentina* Vélez-Blanco, Spain* Vélez-Málaga, Spain* Vélez-Rubio, Spain* Vélez, Santander, Colombia- Sports clubs :...
. - The Federal State of Cauca (Estado Federal de Cauca), which included the provinces of BuenaventuraBuenaventura ProvinceBuenaventura Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. It belonged to the Cauca Department which was created in 1824. In 1857 Cauca State was declared and the province was one of its provinces....
, Chocó, Pasto Province and Popayán ProvincePopayán ProvincePopayán Province was one of the provinces of Cauca Department .It was also one of the provinces of the Republic of New Granada...
and the Caquetá TerritoryCaquetá TerritoryCaquetá Territory was a territory of the United States of Colombia.In the North it bordered San Martín Territory.In the 1863 constitution it was part of Cauca State....
. - The Federal State of Cundinamarca (Estado Federal de Cundinamarca), which included the province of Mariquita, BogotáBogotáBogotá, Distrito Capital , from 1991 to 2000 called Santa Fé de Bogotá, is the capital, and largest city, of Colombia. It is also designated by the national constitution as the capital of the department of Cundinamarca, even though the city of Bogotá now comprises an independent Capital district...
, NeivaNeiva ProvinceNeiva Province was one of the provinces of Gran Colombia. With the 1824 changes in the subdivisions of Gran Colombia, it became part of the Cundinamarca Department....
, and Tolima Province. - The Federal State of Magdalena (Estado Federal de Magdalena), which included the provinces of El Banco, Padilla, Santa MartaSanta Marta ProvinceSanta Marta Province was a province of Gran Colombia. With the 1824 changes in the subdivisions of Gran Colombia, it became part of Magdalena Department....
, Tenerife and Valledupar.
The nation was formed by the union of these Sovereign States which were confederated in perpetuity to form a Sovereign Nation, free and independent under the name of the “Granadine Confederation”.
Granadine Confederation
In 1858 the new constituency, made up in its majority of conservatives, convened and signed the Constitution for the Granadine Confederation of 1858, confirming BogotáBogotá
Bogotá, Distrito Capital , from 1991 to 2000 called Santa Fé de Bogotá, is the capital, and largest city, of Colombia. It is also designated by the national constitution as the capital of the department of Cundinamarca, even though the city of Bogotá now comprises an independent Capital district...
as its Federal Capital.
On July 12, 1861, after raising in arms against the constitutional government of the president Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez was a Colombian politician, journalist and lawyer, founder of the Colombian Conservative Party and later President of Colombia between 1857 and 1861 during the Granadine Confederation.- Biographic data :...
, the general Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda was a Colombian general and political figure. He was president of Colombia four times. The first time was as president of Republic of New Granada from 1845 to 1849. During the Colombian Civil War of 1860-1862 he led liberal forces in a civil war against...
created the Tolima State
Tolima State
Tolima State was one of the states of Colombia .On July 12, 1861, after raising in arms against the constitutional government of the president Mariano Ospina Rodríguez, the general Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera created the Tolima State, carved out of Cundinamarca State.In 1863 it bordered:* Cauca...
, carved out of Cundinamarca State
Cundinamarca State
Cundinamarca State was one of the states of Colombia. It was created on 15 June 1857 as Estado Federal de Cundinamarca , in 1858 was recognized as Estado de la Federación, and in the constitution of 1863 re-named as Estado Soberano of the United States of Colombia.- Subdivisions :With the law of...
. This was confirmed and legalized by the rest of the states of the Colombian Union, by means of Article 41 of the Pact of the Union on September 20, 1861, reaffirming the legality of the institutionalism of Tolima