Specialized city
Encyclopedia
A specialized city is a city where some economic activity plays an important role in urban life, gives a special focus to the town's character and is expressed in various areas. Sometimes this city is identified with a particular activity or has been historically. Some cities are considered specialized in a particular area even though there are also other activities which are more important to them. For example, Oxford
, United Kingdom
is also an important industrial city despite being mainly known for its university.
City properties can be expressed in a number of ways: through the physical characteristics of the city ('tourist city - hotels; a port city - the port area; industrial city - industrial areas), through descriptions of the population" (a tourist city - many tourists, university city - youth), through the employment of residents (the total percentage of employees employed in the city of specialization is also very large compared to the same industry in different parts of the country), or through international reputation (products or services designed for people in the country specializing in industry created an international reputation).
Specialized cities in the main preoccupation was always concentrating in the Central business district
. for example in capital's all the Government
buildings will be located downtown in the City center.
) they are today built wherever technology can create the conditions (see Port of Jebel Ali
). In these cities port facilities occupy a large area of the city proper and its coastline, and the overwhelming business of the town is centered around these facilities. Many of the emerging port cities are to be found in large industrial areas, where their proximity to the mining of raw minerals and the production of manufactured goods lowers distance costs for importers and exporters.
in Germany
).
"Urban Landscape" is affected by the industrial zone occupying a large area of the city and often towering cloud of heavy pollution, from factories, over the city and its environs.
"Practice" - many industrial cities specialize in a particular industry to support most of the city depends on it. (Bukhara
- carpets, Porto
- port wine, Seattle - Production Aircraft, Toulouse
- a space industry).
and Regime
. also Cities which are concentrated in the principal institutions or state area. Capital cities of countries are important and principal cities including principal institutions are concentrated in the entire country's government.
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...
, United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
is also an important industrial city despite being mainly known for its university.
City properties can be expressed in a number of ways: through the physical characteristics of the city ('tourist city - hotels; a port city - the port area; industrial city - industrial areas), through descriptions of the population" (a tourist city - many tourists, university city - youth), through the employment of residents (the total percentage of employees employed in the city of specialization is also very large compared to the same industry in different parts of the country), or through international reputation (products or services designed for people in the country specializing in industry created an international reputation).
Specialized cities in the main preoccupation was always concentrating in the Central business district
Central business district
A central business district is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. In North America this part of a city is commonly referred to as "downtown" or "city center"...
. for example in capital's all the Government
Government
Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized...
buildings will be located downtown in the City center.
Specialized types of cities
- Port cities (RotterdamRotterdamRotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
) - Industrial cities (GuayaquilGuayaquilGuayaquil , officially Santiago de Guayaquil , is the largest and the most populous city in Ecuador,with about 2.3 million inhabitants in the city and nearly 3.1 million in the metropolitan area, as well as that nation's main port...
) - Tourist cities (Sun CitySun City, North WestSun City is a luxury casino and resort, situated in the North West Province of South Africa. It is located about two hours' drive from Johannesburg, near the city of Rustenburg. The complex borders the Pilanesberg Game Reserve.- History :...
) - University cities (PantnagarPantnagarPantnagar is a town and a University campus in Udham Singh Nagar district, Uttarakhand. Nainital, Rudrapur and Kiccha, Haldwani are the major cities surrounding Pantnagar....
) - Capitals cities(Buenos AiresBuenos AiresBuenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
) - World cities (Los AngelesLos ÁngelesLos Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
)
Port cities
While port cities were previously only located in environs physically suited to their establishment (e.g., natural anchorages and natural deep water harbors such as Mumbai HarbourMumbai Harbour
Mumbai Harbour , or Front Bay, is a natural deep-water harbor in the southern portion of the Ulhas River estuary. The narrower, northern part of the estuary is called Thane Creek. The harbor opens to the Arabian Sea to the south...
) they are today built wherever technology can create the conditions (see Port of Jebel Ali
Port of Jebel Ali
Jebel Ali is a deep port located in Jebel Ali Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Jebel Ali is the world's largest man-made harbor and the biggest port in the Middle East.-Geography:...
). In these cities port facilities occupy a large area of the city proper and its coastline, and the overwhelming business of the town is centered around these facilities. Many of the emerging port cities are to be found in large industrial areas, where their proximity to the mining of raw minerals and the production of manufactured goods lowers distance costs for importers and exporters.
- "Economic hinterland - an area from which goods are marketed arrive through the port, the connection is fast and different means of transportation (highways, railways, rivers suitable for sailing and pipes). Specialized ports - ports over the years, evolving and changing, a deeper harbor, the amount of goods has grown, methods Ahstaaon (unloading - loading) Mshatachlalim. Specialized ports are constructed - consist of several ports, each set to receive and transmit a different kind of commodity (oil, container, passenger, bulk).
- "Closing Ports - Port of importance down or who can not adjust to the refinements in the field (size ships, the volume of goods) are abandoned. Industrial areas and storage areas into deteriorating (LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
) or used a fishing dock yachts combined with entertainment and recreation centers - fish restaurants, discotheques, offices, shops, theater, etc. (SydneySydneySydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...
, Tel AvivTel AvivTel Aviv , officially Tel Aviv-Yafo , is the second most populous city in Israel, with a population of 404,400 on a land area of . The city is located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline in west-central Israel. It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, with...
, BarcelonaBarcelonaBarcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of...
).
Industrial cities
Industry exists in every city. Industry and urban economics is a branch. Industrial cities in manufacturing employment is relatively high and much of the city's income derives from this source. (Ruhr districtRuhr
The Ruhr is a medium-size river in western Germany , a right tributary of the Rhine.-Description:The source of the Ruhr is near the town of Winterberg in the mountainous Sauerland region, at an elevation of approximately 2,200 feet...
in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
).
"Urban Landscape" is affected by the industrial zone occupying a large area of the city and often towering cloud of heavy pollution, from factories, over the city and its environs.
"Practice" - many industrial cities specialize in a particular industry to support most of the city depends on it. (Bukhara
Bukhara
Bukhara , from the Soghdian βuxārak , is the capital of the Bukhara Province of Uzbekistan. The nation's fifth-largest city, it has a population of 263,400 . The region around Bukhara has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time...
- carpets, Porto
Porto
Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
- port wine, Seattle - Production Aircraft, Toulouse
Toulouse
Toulouse is a city in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern FranceIt lies on the banks of the River Garonne, 590 km away from Paris and half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea...
- a space industry).
Tourist cities
This tourist city is usually a city where officials are particularly strong attraction for tourism and tourism occupies an important place in it centers. This city attraction factors are many and varied, there are cities where there is a single attraction and other cities several major attractions such as ancient cities, natural landscapes, areas Unique entertainment, for religious reasons, sometimes attraction determines the type of tourists to visit and activities in cities throughout the year. City properties:- A large number of tourists, often is a large number of residents the city itself (Las VegasLas Vegas metropolitan areaThe Las Vegas Valley is the heart of the Las Vegas-Paradise, NV MSA also known as the Las Vegas–Paradise–Henderson MSA which includes all of Clark County, Nevada, and is a metropolitan area in the southern part of the U.S. state of Nevada. The Valley is defined by the Las Vegas Valley landform, a ...
, MacauMacauMacau , also spelled Macao , is, along with Hong Kong, one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China...
). - City range of services and businesses were established to serve the tourists (tourist lodges, guest houses, hotels, restaurants and cafes, souvenir shops, car rental companies, travel companies, shows for tourists) (AntalyaAntalyaAntalya is a city on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Turkey. With a population 1,001,318 as of 2010. It is the eighth most populous city in Turkey and country's biggest international sea resort.- History :...
- Turkish RivieraTurkish RivieraThe Turkish Riviera is a term used to define an area of southwest Turkey encompassing Antalya, Muğla and to a lesser extent the provinces of Aydın, southern İzmir and western Mersin...
, NiceNiceNice is the fifth most populous city in France, after Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Toulouse, with a population of 348,721 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of more than 955,000 on an area of...
- French RivieraFrench RivieraThe Côte d'Azur, pronounced , often known in English as the French Riviera , is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France, also including the sovereign state of Monaco...
) - Tourism industry - scope for tourism-related activities most varied widely.
University cities
In some cities the impact of university life in the city and especially because of this great city known as a city university.- A relatively small city within which a university with a long history and great prestige is located.
- Students and scholars come from all over the world and strive to learn and teach, a very prominent presence in city life.
- University inventions felt in the city, it occupies a large area, sometimes in one area sometimes scattered buildings various parts of the city in addition to developing other institutions: research, publishers, libraries, etc..
- Higher percentage of academics in the city, of different nationalities, young people, high turnover in the city during the summer the city is running out of the thousands of students residing in it.
- City develop services designed specifically for students: many apartments for rent, housing, student stores, cafes, pubs and restaurants, as well as sports activities and cultural events.
- Near the city developing high-tech industries that are employed researchers and science and apply the knowledge acquired at university. (Adjacent to Stanford University Silicon Valley has developed computer-related industry).
Capital Cities
Capitals are cities who deals mainly in PoliticsPolitics
Politics is a process by which groups of people make collective decisions. The term is generally applied to the art or science of running governmental or state affairs, including behavior within civil governments, but also applies to institutions, fields, and special interest groups such as the...
and Regime
Regime
The word regime refers to a set of conditions, most often of a political nature.-Politics:...
. also Cities which are concentrated in the principal institutions or state area. Capital cities of countries are important and principal cities including principal institutions are concentrated in the entire country's government.
- Institutions vary depending on the nature of government. Legislature, a president, a king's palace, government agencies etc.. City are also many state institutions: court, museums, libraries, universities, state radio television building, embassies. They are located in large buildings, impressive presence with a special architecture prominent urban landscape (AthensAthensAthens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
). - Capital city is a symbol of the country its historical heritage and there are statues, monuments, tombs and other sites commemorating the heroes, leaders and important events in her past.
- Ceremonies and events are held in the city of national importance, parades and celebrations of national holidays., Exhibitions and fairs.
- Transport connections between the rest of the country developed and attracts visitors from the state and abroad.
- Some capital cities have been purpose built for newer federations, generally as compromise locations to resolve tensions or rivalries between entites joining the federation (CanberraCanberraCanberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory , south-west of Sydney, and north-east of Melbourne...
, OttawaOttawaOttawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
) - In many cases, also the capital city in the country's largest city (MoscowMoscowMoscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
) and in some capital cities are not always that way (Bern). - Most capital cities are historic cities in history began to be used in any capital city (Jerusalem, RomeRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
) but there are also new Capitals replace the previous capital city for various reasons such as marginal zone will develop and transfer him Population (BrasiliaBrasíliaBrasília is the capital city of Brazil. The name is commonly spelled Brasilia in English. The city and its District are located in the Central-West region of the country, along a plateau known as Planalto Central. It has a population of about 2,557,000 as of the 2008 IBGE estimate, making it the...
) - State that is a union of counties or a federation of several states, DC is located in neutral, (Washington DC).
- In the city living government officials, civil servants, foreign diplomats, ambassadors.
- New capital cities often get up to develop underdeveloped cities (AstanaAstanaAstana , formerly known as Akmola , Tselinograd and Akmolinsk , is the capital and second largest city of Kazakhstan, with an officially estimated population of 708,794 as of 1 August 2010...
, New DelhiNew DelhiNew Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
, IslamabadIslamabadIslamabad is the capital of Pakistan and the tenth largest city in the country. Located within the Islamabad Capital Territory , the population of the city has grown from 100,000 in 1951 to 1.7 million in 2011...
) - Capitals are also additional role in preserving the culture of the people of the country.
World cities
Cities used in the international economy centers.- City command and control centers are the most important economic entities, (major stock exchanges, corporations, big banks) (New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
). - City wide range of services, (insurance companies, law firms and accountants, computer experts, the publication) (SeulSEULSimple End User Linux is an advocacy group that promotes Linux programs in education and science.SEUL also hosts numerous free software projects and efforts, such as the WorldForge Project's website. The SEUL/Edu project seeks to further the use of Linux and Open Source software in schools, and was...
). - Efficient city transportation system connecting it to its economic hinterland and the world, (international airports, fast road network, railways, river or water channels of modern communication) (BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
). - World City as such is determined not by the size of these because of economic performance - managers (FrankfurtFrankfurtFrankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
). - The main activity focuses on the main business center characterized by a high-rise buildings with modern architecture.
- Academics live in the city population with a high salary high standard of living they are not a large percentage of the population of the city but their impact on the lives of a great city.
- Rich cultural life in the city (theatrical performances, concerts, high-level educational services, congress centers, restaurants and luxury first-class fashion shops) which make the city a destination for tourists (ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
). - International atmosphere in the city, experts and foreign businessmen in a time-out period.
- The city attracts migrants from poor countries who make a living providing services to the population estimation and there is a large gap between the two groups.
External links
- article about specialized city in ScienceDirect website