Soomro
Encyclopedia
Soomro or Soomra is a Sindhi
tribe in Sindh
, Punjab and Balochistan
, Pakistan.
was established by the Soomro tribe of Sindh. The Soomra ruled Sindh from 750-1351. Following the 985 CE expulsion of the Qarmatian Muslim sect from Iraq and Egypt, the Qarmatians relocated to Sindh, finding converts among the Soomra. The overwhelming majority of Soomros are Sunni.
The Soomra had shifted there capital to Tharri
, nearly 14 km eastwards of Matli
on the Puran
river. Puran was later abandoned due to changes in the course of the river. Thatta
was the capital of the empire for about 95 years until the end of Soomra rule in 1351 AD. Hindus who had not converted to Islam under the Ghaznavids moved from Sindh to Vegh Kot and Lakhpat
(Kutch) around 1028 A.D., to avoid sectarian violence and live under a Hindu ruler. During this period, Kutch was ruled by the Jadeja
branch of the Samma Dynasty, who enjoyed good relations with the Soomro tribe in Sindh.
and were termed "Princes of Peace" by the British.
after the Bhutto
family, at both Central and Provincial levels.
Sindhi people
Sindhis are a Sindhi speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating from Sindh, a province Formerly of British India, now in Pakistan. Today Sindhis that live in Pakistan belong to various religious denominations including Islam, Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Christianity...
tribe in Sindh
Sindh
Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
, Punjab and Balochistan
Balochistan
Balochistan or Baluchistan is a region which covers parts of Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. It can also refer to one of several modern and historical territories within that region:...
, Pakistan.
History and origin
The Soomra DynastySoomra Dynasty
The Sumra dynasty , was established by Rajput Soomro tribe of Sindh. They were the first Emirs and ruled Sindh from their vibrant capital Mansura. Mansura was the largest and most wealthiest inhabited city of its time...
was established by the Soomro tribe of Sindh. The Soomra ruled Sindh from 750-1351. Following the 985 CE expulsion of the Qarmatian Muslim sect from Iraq and Egypt, the Qarmatians relocated to Sindh, finding converts among the Soomra. The overwhelming majority of Soomros are Sunni.
The Soomra had shifted there capital to Tharri
Tharri
Tharri is a town in the Larkana District in Sindh, Pakistan. The city is well connected with the other large cities like Karachi, the provincial capital and Larkana. The city is located at 26°57'10N 67°38'30E with an altitude of 24 metres ....
, nearly 14 km eastwards of Matli
Matli
Matli is the largest taluka of Badin District in the Sindh province of Pakistan, it is administratively subdivided into 12 Union Councils....
on the Puran
Puran
Puran Puran Tehsil is a sub-division and tehsil of Shangla District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan....
river. Puran was later abandoned due to changes in the course of the river. Thatta
Thatta
Thatta is a historic town of 220,000 inhabitants in the Sindh province of Pakistan, near Lake Keenjhar, the largest freshwater lake in the country. Thatta's major monuments especially its necropolis at Makli are listed among the World Heritage Sites. The Shah Jahan Mosque is also listed...
was the capital of the empire for about 95 years until the end of Soomra rule in 1351 AD. Hindus who had not converted to Islam under the Ghaznavids moved from Sindh to Vegh Kot and Lakhpat
Lakhpat
Lakhpat fort town is a small town in Kachchh district of Gujarat, India within the fort walls of the 18th-century Lakhpat fort. The literal meaning of Lakhpat is the city of millionaire, however today it is sparsely populated Ghost town, a city of ruins of buildings and a magnificent fort...
(Kutch) around 1028 A.D., to avoid sectarian violence and live under a Hindu ruler. During this period, Kutch was ruled by the Jadeja
Jadeja
Jadeja belong to the Yaduvanshi rajputs or Chandravanshi rajputs. They are one of the 36 royal dynasties of old tracing their origins to Lord Krishna...
branch of the Samma Dynasty, who enjoyed good relations with the Soomro tribe in Sindh.
Historical significance
The Soomro tribe were one of the earliest Sindhi tribes to convert into Islam. They are very old feudalsFeudalism in Pakistan
The feudal archetype in Pakistan consists of landlords with large joint families possessing hundreds or even thousands of acres of land. They seldom make any direct contribution to agricultural production. Instead, all work is done by peasants or tenants who live at subsistence level...
and were termed "Princes of Peace" by the British.
Political Status
Soomro family is the largest of the political families of PakistanPolitical families of Pakistan
This is a partial listing of prominent political families of Pakistan.Royal families are not included, unless certain later descendants have played political roles in a republican structure.- Bhutto family :The members of Bhutto family in politics:...
after the Bhutto
Bhutto
Bhutto is a Sindhi, Rajput tribe settled in Sindh, Pakistan.-Bhutto tribe:The Bhutto tribe is a Rajput tribe that has been settled in Sindh for over two centuries, occupying part of Balochistan in Kachhi, Sibi, Dera Murad Jamali, Bhag and Mithri, having migrated to Sindh from Jaiselmere in India...
family, at both Central and Provincial levels.
Notables
- Sardar Khan Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro IIIDodo Bin Khafef Soomro IIIDodo Bin Khafef Soomro III urdu دودو بن خفيف سومرو سوم: Dodo Soomro Was the famous ruler of Sindh.- History :It has been mentioned in a previous chapter that in the year 720 A.H. , Ghází Malak took the army of Sind and Multán to Dehlí, dethroned Khusró Khán the last of the Ghazní kings and...
- Allah Bux SoomroAllah Bux SoomroAllah Bux Muhammad Umar Soomro , or Allah Baksh Soomro, was a zamindar, government contractor, Indian independence activist and politician from the province of Sindh in British India. He is considered to be amongst the best premiers of the province...
, was elected as the Chief Minister of SindhChief Minister of SindhThe Chief Minister of Sindh is elected by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh to serve as the head of the provincial government in Sindh, Pakistan. The current Chief Minister is Qaim Ali Shah, who belongs to Pakistan Peoples Party...
, twice - Elahi Bux SoomroElahi Bux SoomroElahi Bux Soomro or Illahi Bukhsh Soomro , is a Pakistani Senior Politician and legislator. He was the 16th Speaker of National Assembly of Pakistan. He is from the most influential political family of Sindh...
, Former Minister and Speaker, National Assembly of Pakistan - Mohammad Mian Soomro, remained President of PakistanPresident of PakistanThe President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
, Prime Minister of PakistanPrime Minister of PakistanThe Prime Minister of Pakistan , is the Head of Government of Pakistan who is designated to exercise as the country's Chief Executive. By the Constitution of Pakistan, Pakistan has the parliamentary democratic system of government...
, Chairman for the Senate of PakistanSenate of PakistanThe Senate of Pakistan is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. Elections are held every three years for one half of the senate and each senator has a term of six years...
and Governor of SindhGovernor of SindhThe Governor of Sindh is the appointed Head of State of the provincial government in Sindh, Pakistan. The governor is designated by the Prime Minister and is normally regarded a ceremonial post... - Rahim Bux SoomroRahim Bux SoomroRahim Bux Soomro was a politician in Sindh, Pakistan. Rahim Bux Soomro was leader of the Soomro tribe and as the last surviving member of the 1946 Sindh assembly, the son of Allah Bux Soomro who was the first premier of Sindh after provincial autonomy was attained in 1935...
, Minister, Sindh - Mr. Justice Ghulam Nabi Soomro - Hon'ble Justice, High Court of Sindh, Presently Chairman of Sindh Services Tribunal
- Mr. Justice Afzal Soomro, Chief Justice, High Court of Sindh
- Ayaz Soomro, Law Minister, Sindh
- Jameel Soomro, Minister, Sindh
- Bashir Ahmad Assar Somroo, DPO of Dera Bugti,
Distribution in Sindh
- Shikarpur
- DaduDadu DistrictDadu is a district of Sindh Province, Pakistan.Dadu district was created in 1933 by the British Indian administration by merging Kotri and Kohistan tehsils from Karachi district and Mehar, Khairpur Nathan Shah, Dadu, Johi and Sehwan tehsils from Larkana district. The population of the district is...
- JacobabadJacobabadJacobabad or Yaqubabad is the capital city of Jacobabad District, Sindh, Pakistan. The city is also the administrative centre of Jacobabad Taluka, an administrative subdivision of the district, the city is subdivided into 8 Union Councils...
- ThattaThattaThatta is a historic town of 220,000 inhabitants in the Sindh province of Pakistan, near Lake Keenjhar, the largest freshwater lake in the country. Thatta's major monuments especially its necropolis at Makli are listed among the World Heritage Sites. The Shah Jahan Mosque is also listed...
- HyderabadHyderabad District (Pakistan)Hyderābād District , is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. It used to be an administrative division of the Sindh namely the Hyderabad Division, until the reforms of 2000 abolished the third tier of government. Its capital is the city of Hyderabad. The Kirthar National Park is located in Hyderabad...
- LarkanaLarkanaLarkana or Larkano is the fourth largest city in the north-western part of Sindh Province, Pakistan, and is located within Larkana District.The old name of larkano is chandka which was changed in 1901. In August 2000 Larkana celebrated its hundred years of existence...
- KhairpurKhairpurKhairpur is the twelfth largest city in the province of Sindh in southeast Pakistan. It was founded in 1783 by Mir Sohrab Khan, who established the Khairpur branch of the Talpur clan. The settlement was selected as the seat of the Mirs of northern Sindh. It is the capital of the modern Khairpur...
- KarachiKarachiKarachi is the largest city, main seaport and the main financial centre of Pakistan, as well as the capital of the province of Sindh. The city has an estimated population of 13 to 15 million, while the total metropolitan area has a population of over 18 million...
- UmerkotUmerkotUmarkot or Umer Kot,, also known as Amar Kot, Omarkot and Omercote, is town in the Umerkot District in Sindh, Pakistan...
- TharparkarTharparkarTharparkar is one of twenty three districts of Sindh province in Pakistan. Its headquarter is Mithi. It is the only fertile desert in the world. The District derives its names from Thar and Parker...
- KashmoreKashmoreKashmore is a town in and administrative centre for Kashmore District in the Sindh Province of Pakistan....
- SukkurSukkurSukkur, or Sakharu , formerly Aror and Bakar, is the third largest city of Sindh province, situated on the west bank of Indus River in Pakistan in Sukkur District. However, the word Sakharu in Sindhi means "superior", which the spelling of the city's name in Sindhi suggests is the origin of the...
Distribution in Punjab
- MultanMultanMultan , is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District. It is located in the southern part of the province on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about from Islamabad, from Lahore and from Karachi...
- Rahim Yar Khan
- GujranwalaGujranwalaGujranwala is a industrial city in the north-east of the Punjab province. It is the sixth largest city in Pakistan with a population of approximately 2,661,360 as on 24 June 2011...
- RajanpurRajanpurRajanpur is a city and the headquarters of Rajanpur District in the far southwestern part of Punjab, Pakistan. The district lies entirely west of the Indus River. it is a narrow, to wide strip of land sandwiched between the Indus River on the east and the Sulaiman Mountains on the west. The...
- BahawalpurBahawalpurBahawalpur , located in the province of Punjab, is the twelfth largest city in Pakistan. The city was once the capital of the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The city was home to various Nawabs and counted as part of the Rajputana states...
- BahawalnagarBahawalnagarBahawalnagar is the capital city of Bahawalnagar District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. As well as being district capital it also the administrative headquarters of the tehsil.-Administration:...
- Dera Ghazi KhanDera Ghazi KhanDera Ghazi Khan is a city located in Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, Pakistan. Dera Ghazi Khan is one of the most populous cities in Southern Punjab, and it is the largest district in Punjab in terms of area, being approximately in extent....
- MuzaffargarhMuzaffargarhMuzaffargarh is a city in southwestern Punjab, Pakistan, located on the bank of the Chenab River. The Town of Muzaffargarh was founded in 1794 by the Governor of Mulran Nawab Muzaffar Khan.The Meaning of Muzaffargarh is "Fort of Muzaffar" because the old town lies inside the walls of a fort built...