Shpola
Encyclopedia
Shpola is a city located in the Cherkasy Oblast
(province
) in central Ukraine
. It is the administrative center of the Shpoliansky Raion (district
), and is situated at 49°2′N 31°25′E. As of 2004 the estimated population is 18,400.
In the 1800s Shpola was part of the Zvenigorod district in the Kiev
region. With the overthrow of the Czarist regime
Shpola became first a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and then of the USSR.
During World War II
, Nazi Germany
invaded Ukraine, and the Jewish population of Shpola was destroyed in 1942. Today Jews make up around 0.5% of Shpola’s population.
Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast is an oblast of central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy).-Geography:...
(province
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
) in central Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. It is the administrative center of the Shpoliansky Raion (district
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), and is situated at 49°2′N 31°25′E. As of 2004 the estimated population is 18,400.
History
In 1847, Shpola’s Jewish population numbered 1,156. By 1897, that number had grown to 5,388 of a total population of 11,933, or about 45%. This level held steady until the Second World War.In the 1800s Shpola was part of the Zvenigorod district in the Kiev
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
region. With the overthrow of the Czarist regime
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
Shpola became first a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and then of the USSR.
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
invaded Ukraine, and the Jewish population of Shpola was destroyed in 1942. Today Jews make up around 0.5% of Shpola’s population.
People
- Reb Aryeh Leib, "der Shpoler zeyde" (Yiddish: "the grandfather of Shpola") (1725-1812) - Hasidic tzaddik
- Ivan KulikIvan KulikIvan Yulianovych Kulik was Jewish-Ukrainian poet, writer, translator, diplomat and Communist Party activist, . He also wrote under names "R. Rolinato" and "Vasyl Rolenko".-Biography:...
(1897-1941) - a pen name of Izrail (Srul) Idelevich Kulik, UkrainianUkrainiansUkrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
poet, short stories writer, and diplomat - Oleksandr Tkachenko - chairman of Ukrainian parliament
- Itzik Fefer (1900-1952) - Yiddish poet