Shivram Mahadev Paranjape
Encyclopedia
Shivram Mahadev Paranjape (Devanagari
: शिवराम महादेव परांजपे) (1864-1929) was an eminent Marathi
writer, scholar, orator, journalist and freedom fighter from Maharashtra
. He is supposed to be the one who successfully created unrest in Maharashtrian people against British Rule through his popular weekly Kaal (meaning 'Times' in Marathi) during 1898 to 1908.
to join the highschool at the age of 14. There he was highly impressed by his teacher Vishnushastri Krushnashastri Chiplunkar
who had also inspired Lokmanya Tilak and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
to start their social and political career. In 1882 Paranjape shifted to Pune
to join New English School newly founded by Chiplunkar, Tilak and Agarkar. In 1884 he got the prestigious Jagannath Shankarsheth scholarship. After 1884 he spent his first year in college at Fergusson College
and subsequently shifted to Deccan College
and did his bachelor's in Arts. In 1895 he stood first in M.A. of Bombay University.
professor. Simultaneously he started giving lectures on the current political and social situation and became instantly popular due to his particular sarcastic style of presentation. As a follower of Tilak he also participated in many socio-political events like 'Shiva Jayanti' and 'Ganesh Utsav' which ultimately compelled him to resign from his college job. Immediatelty after that in 1898 he founded a Weekly called Kaal (काळ), which eventually would have two meanings in Marathi; the first would be 'Times' and the other 'Terminator'. His fiery editorials and humoros and sarcastic style of writing started making the younger generation furious with anger against the British Rule. Kaal continued to be a popular weekly even sometimes surpassing Tilak' Weekly Kesari until Paranjape was arrested in 1908. British authorities consequently convicted him of “sedition” and sentenced him to nineteen months of imprisonment with hard labor. In 1910 when he was set free, British authorities banned the publication of Kaal and also confiscated collections of his past essays and editorials in the weekly. Paranjape thereupon decided to take a break and turn to literature.
(All India Marathi Meet) held at Belgaum
in 1929.
His works include the following :
In 1922, British authorities inprisoned Paranjape for six months for participation in a satyagraha
at Mulshi under the leadership of Gandhi to oppose the proposed Mulshi Dam
. In 1927, he became President of the Maharashtra branch of the Indian Independence Leauge formed by Jawaharlal Nehru
, Subhashchandra Bose and Shrinivas Ayyangar. He was a patient of Diabetes for many years and finally took his last breath on 27 September 1929.
Devanagari
Devanagari |deva]]" and "nāgarī" ), also called Nagari , is an abugida alphabet of India and Nepal...
: शिवराम महादेव परांजपे) (1864-1929) was an eminent Marathi
Marathi people
The Marathi people or Maharashtrians are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group, that inhabit the Maharashtra region and state of western India. Their language Marathi is part of the southern group of Indo-Aryan languages...
writer, scholar, orator, journalist and freedom fighter from Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...
. He is supposed to be the one who successfully created unrest in Maharashtrian people against British Rule through his popular weekly Kaal (meaning 'Times' in Marathi) during 1898 to 1908.
Early life
Paranjape was born on June 27, 1864 in Mahad in Ratnagiri district to a local practising advocate. After his primary education at Mahad, he shifted to RatnagiriRatnagiri
Ratnāgiri is a port city on the Arabian Sea coast in Ratnagiri district in the southwestern part of Maharashtra, India. The district is a part of Konkan.The Sahyadri mountains border Ratnagiri to the east...
to join the highschool at the age of 14. There he was highly impressed by his teacher Vishnushastri Krushnashastri Chiplunkar
Vishnushastri Krushnashastri Chiplunkar
Vishnushastri Chiplunkar was a Marathi writer, whose writings have had a decisive influence on modern Marathi prose style. He was the son of the writer and scholar Krushnashastri Chiplunkar.- Life :...
who had also inspired Lokmanya Tilak and Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar was a social reformer from Maharashtra, India during the British Raj.-Early life:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar was born on 14 July 1856 in Tembhu , a village in Satara district now in Sangli district of Maharashtra. Agarkar had his primary education from Karad...
to start their social and political career. In 1882 Paranjape shifted to Pune
Pune
Pune , is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula ...
to join New English School newly founded by Chiplunkar, Tilak and Agarkar. In 1884 he got the prestigious Jagannath Shankarsheth scholarship. After 1884 he spent his first year in college at Fergusson College
Fergusson College
Fergusson College is a degree college in western India, situated in the city of Pune. It was founded in 1885 by the Deccan Education Society and at that time was the first privately governed college in India. It is named after Sir James Fergusson, the Governor of Bombay, who donated a then...
and subsequently shifted to Deccan College
Deccan College
Deccan College may refer to:* Deccan College Post-Graduate & Research Institute * Deccan College of Engineering and Technology * Deccan College of Medical Sciences, a medical college in Hyderabad, India....
and did his bachelor's in Arts. In 1895 he stood first in M.A. of Bombay University.
Political career
After getting his masters degree he joined Maharashtra College as SanskritSanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
professor. Simultaneously he started giving lectures on the current political and social situation and became instantly popular due to his particular sarcastic style of presentation. As a follower of Tilak he also participated in many socio-political events like 'Shiva Jayanti' and 'Ganesh Utsav' which ultimately compelled him to resign from his college job. Immediatelty after that in 1898 he founded a Weekly called Kaal (काळ), which eventually would have two meanings in Marathi; the first would be 'Times' and the other 'Terminator'. His fiery editorials and humoros and sarcastic style of writing started making the younger generation furious with anger against the British Rule. Kaal continued to be a popular weekly even sometimes surpassing Tilak' Weekly Kesari until Paranjape was arrested in 1908. British authorities consequently convicted him of “sedition” and sentenced him to nineteen months of imprisonment with hard labor. In 1910 when he was set free, British authorities banned the publication of Kaal and also confiscated collections of his past essays and editorials in the weekly. Paranjape thereupon decided to take a break and turn to literature.
Literary work
Paranjape wrote over one thousand political and social essays and critiques; short stories; novels; and plays. He was elected president of the Marathi Sahitya SammelanMarathi Sahitya Sammelan
Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan is a conference for literary discussions by Marathi writers. Though the conference has sometimes been held in a town outside the Indian state of Maharashtra, it is typically held annually in one of the towns in Maharashtra where Marathi is the mother tongue...
(All India Marathi Meet) held at Belgaum
Belgaum
Belgaum is a city and a municipal corporation in Belgaum district in the state of Karnataka, India. It is the fourth largest city of the state of Karnataka, the first three being Bangalore, Mysore, Hubli-Dharwad....
in 1929.
His works include the following :
- काळातील निबंध (Collections of essays - 11 Volumes)
- मानाजीराव (Play)
- पहिला पांडव (Play)
- विंध्याचल (Novel)
- गोविंदाची गोष्ट (Novel)
Some of his quotes
- A Paris (Philosopher’s stone) must be the reality considering that the land of England in the past was having nothing but a huge stock of iron-ore. But after it came in to contact with India, iron-ore turned into gold.
- If the king owes something to the people, then let the people themselves decide the ways and means to recover the dues.
- Can’t help when some oxen sincerely feel that their necks are safe under the yoke and some insects prefer to live happily in the dirt.
- ‘Chalval’ (Movement) is the wrong word being used for ‘agitation’ as it does not indicate even a slightly swift, speedy kind of action. However, for a half-dead country like ours it coincidently suits.
- Whatever is decided in the Indian Congress meet for communicating to the British Government should not be regarded as “Resolutions” but in fact the “beggars’ cry for the alms”.
- Alas ! Had I have enough courage to drink liquor every day, I could have claimed myself to be a Sudharak (Reformer).
Later life
Paranjape once again became active in politics during 1920 after the emergence of M.K.Gandhi on the Indian political orbit.In 1922, British authorities inprisoned Paranjape for six months for participation in a satyagraha
Satyagraha
Satyagraha , loosely translated as "insistence on truth satya agraha soul force" or "truth force" is a particular philosophy and practice within the broader overall category generally known as nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. The term "satyagraha" was conceived and developed by Mahatma...
at Mulshi under the leadership of Gandhi to oppose the proposed Mulshi Dam
Mulshi Dam
Mulshi is the name of a major dam on the Mula river located in the Taluka Mulshi administrative division of the Pune district of Maharashtra State, India....
. In 1927, he became President of the Maharashtra branch of the Indian Independence Leauge formed by Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru , often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the...
, Subhashchandra Bose and Shrinivas Ayyangar. He was a patient of Diabetes for many years and finally took his last breath on 27 September 1929.