Self-affinity
Encyclopedia
In mathematics, self-affinity refers to a fractal
Fractal
A fractal has been defined as "a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be split into parts, each of which is a reduced-size copy of the whole," a property called self-similarity...

 whose pieces are scaled by different amounts in the x- and y-directions. We refer to these as being the 2-dimensional axes, like that of a grid. This means that in order to appreciate the self similarity of these fractal objects, they have to be rescaled using an anisotropic transformation. (From www.dictionary.com In physics and botany, the word 'anisotropy' means "of unequal physical properties along different axes".)
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