Scuola serale
Encyclopedia
The Scuola Serale in its classic is an institution structured tool for education and training of human and professional adults, and is modern as a moment of reflection that allows the adult learner is seeking to challenge himself, gaining awareness of its problems and planning the solution.
Historically the first evening schools began to spread from the first half of the nineteenth century in economically developed countries, under the pressure of the first civil strife organised by the labour movements, with the main aim of attacking deeply illiteracy, even through major philanthropic actions.
The first Scuole Serali (evening schools) took the body in forms of popular education at the level of elementary education and, despite the scarcity of teachers, affirmed through the educational process of mutual education (or mutual teaching) that originated by the British Andrew Bell
and Joseph Lancaster
. Initially the courses of evening schools, carried out during the afternoon and evening, were mainly frequented by peasants and workers, but also by children subjected to child labour, all eager to learn, committed to a path of growth and redemption civil society.
At the end century, compared with a social need increasingly felt to provide a completion in 'technical education and vocational training of farmers, artisans and workers, spread in large industrial cities and port technical schools and evening schools festive Sunday. The latter, set courses as a complement to the workshops were only open on Sundays. Subsequently, these courses Sunday were grouped within schools evening.
, Law No. 13/10/1859, 3725, prepared by its rapporteur Gabrio Casati
and from which it took its name, the first organic law for the Italian school in all its orders and degrees, did not show sufficient attention to evening schools, which were organized and established almost always in the form of courses popular until the beginning of the twentieth century. Law No. 407, 8/7/1904, said Law Orlando, indicated the organization of schools and festive evening for recovering "semianalfabeti". Law Credaro of June 4, 1911, increased attention to the state of education and finally transferred to the State the powers of evening schools for illiterate adults.
The substantial reform Giovanni Gentile
of 1923, consisting of numerous legislative acts which were later collected in single text, while placing the focus on the reorganization of state school in a school model and selective, left to individuals the responsibility for ensuring the less able, without providing any initiative facing schools evening. In its "carta della scuola", approved in 1939 by the great council of fascism
on a proposal by Minister Bottai, there was no mention of night school, and education of the adult population. In the postwar period and throughout the period of reconstruction, adult education has been abandoned to itself. We will wait for the beginning of the 70s to assist the implementation of measures directed to education and education of adults at a disadvantage and socio-economic hardship.
As a result of Law No. 300, 20/5/1970 called "Statute of workers' rights" were set up new schools evening public for the recovery and cultural literacy "working students". With decrees Delegates to the powers of schools evening passed the recommendations of organization and provveditorati studies. Beginning in the 1973/74 period of some six courses of study in the evening secondary school went to five years, while in primary education were activated first courses aimed at achieving a degree (license average). These courses were held and take place according to a study plan developed in 150 hours involving the level of primary education, and at the end of the trail teaching the student fulfilling their compulsory schooling, where the license media.
Alongside the dissemination of evening classes to address the primary set up at centres territorial permanent (CTP), there is a widespread presence on the national territory of public schools evening ordered top of the second degree, in any address and specialization (schools, teacher institutes, institutes art, technical and professional). Students workers who attend schools evening of the second degree, at the end of their paths of study, consequential, after passing the 'state examination, the high-school diploma (if the course is lasting four or five), diplomas of professional qualification (if the path is two or three years).
In the nineties the process of adult education (EDA), spurred by indications proposals and solicited at all levels and in all places, by European Union
, has evolved, becoming life long learning, namely a learning process oriented throughout their entire life. With the "Carta of Lisbona the goal becomes to enable the adult population not only to achieve a diploma but also to broaden and master of content to meet the continuous changes of society.
Consequently, the target of evening schools has undergone a change, rising from targets originally addressed to the weaker population, however priority objectives facing the population as a whole, including through the use of new technologies, of 'distance education (fad) and forms of education mixed distance / presence defined as blended learning. Therefore, we can say that schools evening while representing a major breakthrough civil and social, have played and play a necessary and important not only for adults who wish to continue to study, but also and especially for the retraining of workers, unemployed , Unemployed, housewives and outside, within a framework of broader oriented welfare to work.
Some Italy celebrities who have attended evening schools:
•Mario Ridolfi, architect;
•Franco Cosimo Panini, editor;
•Luciano Fantuzzi, industrial;
Evening school municipal Adolfo Lattes of Cuneo
Historically the first evening schools began to spread from the first half of the nineteenth century in economically developed countries, under the pressure of the first civil strife organised by the labour movements, with the main aim of attacking deeply illiteracy, even through major philanthropic actions.
The first Scuole Serali (evening schools) took the body in forms of popular education at the level of elementary education and, despite the scarcity of teachers, affirmed through the educational process of mutual education (or mutual teaching) that originated by the British Andrew Bell
Andrew Bell
Andrew Bell may refer to:* Andrew Bell , toy designer, founder of Dead Zebra, Inc* Andrew Bell , Scottish co-founder of the Encyclopædia Britannica...
and Joseph Lancaster
Joseph Lancaster
Joseph Lancaster was an English Quaker and public education innovator.-Life:Lancaster was born the son of a shopkeeper in Southwark, south London....
. Initially the courses of evening schools, carried out during the afternoon and evening, were mainly frequented by peasants and workers, but also by children subjected to child labour, all eager to learn, committed to a path of growth and redemption civil society.
At the end century, compared with a social need increasingly felt to provide a completion in 'technical education and vocational training of farmers, artisans and workers, spread in large industrial cities and port technical schools and evening schools festive Sunday. The latter, set courses as a complement to the workshops were only open on Sundays. Subsequently, these courses Sunday were grouped within schools evening.
Genesis of Scuole Serali (evening schools) in Italy
In ItalyItaly
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, Law No. 13/10/1859, 3725, prepared by its rapporteur Gabrio Casati
Gabrio Casati
Gabrio Casati was an Italian politician, born in Milan.-Political roles:During the Five Days of Milan he had a primary role and lead the Temporary Government....
and from which it took its name, the first organic law for the Italian school in all its orders and degrees, did not show sufficient attention to evening schools, which were organized and established almost always in the form of courses popular until the beginning of the twentieth century. Law No. 407, 8/7/1904, said Law Orlando, indicated the organization of schools and festive evening for recovering "semianalfabeti". Law Credaro of June 4, 1911, increased attention to the state of education and finally transferred to the State the powers of evening schools for illiterate adults.
The substantial reform Giovanni Gentile
Giovanni Gentile
Giovanni Gentile was an Italian neo-Hegelian Idealist philosopher, a peer of Benedetto Croce. He described himself as 'the philosopher of Fascism', and ghostwrote A Doctrine of Fascism for Benito Mussolini. He also devised his own system of philosophy, Actual Idealism.- Life and thought :Giovanni...
of 1923, consisting of numerous legislative acts which were later collected in single text, while placing the focus on the reorganization of state school in a school model and selective, left to individuals the responsibility for ensuring the less able, without providing any initiative facing schools evening. In its "carta della scuola", approved in 1939 by the great council of fascism
Fascism
Fascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...
on a proposal by Minister Bottai, there was no mention of night school, and education of the adult population. In the postwar period and throughout the period of reconstruction, adult education has been abandoned to itself. We will wait for the beginning of the 70s to assist the implementation of measures directed to education and education of adults at a disadvantage and socio-economic hardship.
As a result of Law No. 300, 20/5/1970 called "Statute of workers' rights" were set up new schools evening public for the recovery and cultural literacy "working students". With decrees Delegates to the powers of schools evening passed the recommendations of organization and provveditorati studies. Beginning in the 1973/74 period of some six courses of study in the evening secondary school went to five years, while in primary education were activated first courses aimed at achieving a degree (license average). These courses were held and take place according to a study plan developed in 150 hours involving the level of primary education, and at the end of the trail teaching the student fulfilling their compulsory schooling, where the license media.
Alongside the dissemination of evening classes to address the primary set up at centres territorial permanent (CTP), there is a widespread presence on the national territory of public schools evening ordered top of the second degree, in any address and specialization (schools, teacher institutes, institutes art, technical and professional). Students workers who attend schools evening of the second degree, at the end of their paths of study, consequential, after passing the 'state examination, the high-school diploma (if the course is lasting four or five), diplomas of professional qualification (if the path is two or three years).
In the nineties the process of adult education (EDA), spurred by indications proposals and solicited at all levels and in all places, by European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
, has evolved, becoming life long learning, namely a learning process oriented throughout their entire life. With the "Carta of Lisbona the goal becomes to enable the adult population not only to achieve a diploma but also to broaden and master of content to meet the continuous changes of society.
Consequently, the target of evening schools has undergone a change, rising from targets originally addressed to the weaker population, however priority objectives facing the population as a whole, including through the use of new technologies, of 'distance education (fad) and forms of education mixed distance / presence defined as blended learning. Therefore, we can say that schools evening while representing a major breakthrough civil and social, have played and play a necessary and important not only for adults who wish to continue to study, but also and especially for the retraining of workers, unemployed , Unemployed, housewives and outside, within a framework of broader oriented welfare to work.
Some Italy celebrities who have attended evening schools:
•Mario Ridolfi, architect;
•Franco Cosimo Panini, editor;
•Luciano Fantuzzi, industrial;
External links
technical evening school in GenoaEvening school municipal Adolfo Lattes of Cuneo