Sakai Tadakatsu (Shonai)
Encyclopedia
was a Japanese daimyo
of the early Edo period
. Tadakatsu and his descendants are linked in the history of the han
at Tsuruoka (Shōnai) in Dewa province
.
The Sakai were identified as one of the fudai
or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan
, in contrast with the tozama
or outsider clans.
The fudai Sakai clan
originated in 14th century Mikawa province
. The Sakai claim descent from Minamoto Arichika. Arichika had two sons: one of them, Yasuchika, took the name Matsudaira; and the other son, Chikauji, took the name Sakai—and this samuari ancestor is the progenitor of this clan's name.
Sakai Hirochika, who was the son of Chikauji, had two sons, and their descendants gave rise to the two main branches of the Sakai clan.
The Senior branch of the Sakai, are descendants of Sakai Tadatsugu
(1527–1596), who was a vassal of Tokugawa Ieyasu
. Tadatsugu was charged with the defense of Yoshida Castle
in Mikawa province.
In 1578, Sakai Ietsugu (1564–1619) succeeded to his father's role as defender of Yoshida Castle. The Ie- in the beginning of Ietsugu's name was a special honor bestowed by Tokugawa Ieyasu, who intended to emphasize bonds of loyalty with those who were allowed to share in any part of his name.
When Ieaysu's holdings were transferred to the Kantō in 1590, Ietsugi was installed at Usui Domain (30,000 koku) in Kōzuke province ; in 1604, removed to Takasaki Domain (50,000 koku) in Kōzuke province ; in 1616, removed to Takata Domain (100,000 koku) in Echigo province
; in 1619, removed to Matsushiro in Shinano province
; and then, in 1622 through 1868, installed at Tsurugaoka Domain (120,000 koku) in Dewa province
.
The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in the Meiji period.
, Sakai Tadakatsu
, but should not be confused with him.
Tadakatsu was the eldest son of Sakai Ietsugu, who was in turn the son of Sakai Tadatsugu
, one of Tokugawa Ieyasu
's three most trusted generals.
After brief tenures as daimyo of Takada Domain
and Matsushiro Domain
, Tadakatsu was transferred to the new Shōnai Domain in the summer of 1622. He retired in 1634, yielding his position to his son Sakai Tadamasa.
Tadakatsu died in 1647, at age 53.
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Daimyo
is a generic term referring to the powerful territorial lords in pre-modern Japan who ruled most of the country from their vast, hereditary land holdings...
of the early Edo period
Edo period
The , or , is a division of Japanese history which was ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, running from 1603 to 1868. The political entity of this period was the Tokugawa shogunate....
. Tadakatsu and his descendants are linked in the history of the han
Han (Japan)
The or domain was the name of the estate belonging to a warrior in Japan after the 17th century. The fiefs of the daimyos of the samurai class of Japan during the Edo period were called han.-Edo period:...
at Tsuruoka (Shōnai) in Dewa province
Dewa Province
is an old province of Japan, comprising modern-day Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture, except for the city of Kazuno and the town of Kosaka. It was sometimes called .-Historical record:...
.
The Sakai were identified as one of the fudai
Fudai
was a class of daimyo who were hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa in Edo period Japan. It was primarily the fudai who filled the ranks of the Tokugawa administration.-Origins:...
or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan
Tokugawa clan
The was a powerful daimyo family of Japan. They nominally descended from Emperor Seiwa and were a branch of the Minamoto clan by the Nitta clan. However, the early history of this clan remains a mystery.-History:...
, in contrast with the tozama
Tozama
A ' was a daimyo who was considered an outsider by the rulers of Japan. The term came into use in the Kamakura period and continued until the end of the Edo period.-Edo period:...
or outsider clans.
Sakai clan genealogy
Tadakatsu was part of the senior branch of the Sakai.The fudai Sakai clan
Sakai clan
The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan, who were in turn descendants of Emperor Seiwa. Serata Arichika, a samurai of the 14th century, was the common ancestor of both the Sakai clan and the Matsudaira clan, which the Sakai later served...
originated in 14th century Mikawa province
Mikawa Province
is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Mikawa bordered on Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces....
. The Sakai claim descent from Minamoto Arichika. Arichika had two sons: one of them, Yasuchika, took the name Matsudaira; and the other son, Chikauji, took the name Sakai—and this samuari ancestor is the progenitor of this clan's name.
Sakai Hirochika, who was the son of Chikauji, had two sons, and their descendants gave rise to the two main branches of the Sakai clan.
The Senior branch of the Sakai, are descendants of Sakai Tadatsugu
Sakai Tadatsugu
was one of the most favored and most and successful military commanders serving Tokugawa Ieyasu in the late-Sengoku period. He is regarded as one of the Four Guardians of the Tokugawa .along with Honda Tadakatsu, Ii Naomasa, and Sakakibara Yasumasa.-Sakai clan genealogy:The Sakai clan originated in...
(1527–1596), who was a vassal of Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan , which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but...
. Tadatsugu was charged with the defense of Yoshida Castle
Yoshida Castle
is a Japanese castle located in Toyohashi, southeastern Aichi Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Yoshida Castle was home to the Inaba clan, daimyō of Tateyama Domain. The castle was also known as , and later as Toyohashi Castle.-Description:...
in Mikawa province.
In 1578, Sakai Ietsugu (1564–1619) succeeded to his father's role as defender of Yoshida Castle. The Ie- in the beginning of Ietsugu's name was a special honor bestowed by Tokugawa Ieyasu, who intended to emphasize bonds of loyalty with those who were allowed to share in any part of his name.
When Ieaysu's holdings were transferred to the Kantō in 1590, Ietsugi was installed at Usui Domain (30,000 koku) in Kōzuke province ; in 1604, removed to Takasaki Domain (50,000 koku) in Kōzuke province ; in 1616, removed to Takata Domain (100,000 koku) in Echigo province
Echigo Province
was an old province in north-central Japan, on the shores of the Sea of Japan. It was sometimes called , with Echizen and Etchū Provinces. Today the area is part of Niigata Prefecture, which also includes the island which was the old Sado Province. This province was the northernmost part of the...
; in 1619, removed to Matsushiro in Shinano province
Shinano Province
or is an old province of Japan that is now present day Nagano Prefecture.Shinano bordered on Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces...
; and then, in 1622 through 1868, installed at Tsurugaoka Domain (120,000 koku) in Dewa province
Dewa Province
is an old province of Japan, comprising modern-day Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture, except for the city of Kazuno and the town of Kosaka. It was sometimes called .-Historical record:...
.
The head of this clan line was ennobled as a "Count" in the Meiji period.
Events in Tadakatsu's life
Sakai Tadakatsu of Shōnai Domain came from the same family as the synonymous, contemporary daimyo of ObamaObama Domain
The Obama Domain was a Japanese feudal domain of the Edo period, based at Obama Castle in Wakasa Province ....
, Sakai Tadakatsu
Sakai Tadakatsu
, also known as Sanuki-no-kami, was tairō, rōjū, master of Wakasa-Obama castle and daimyo of Obama Domain in Wakasa province in the mid-17th century...
, but should not be confused with him.
Tadakatsu was the eldest son of Sakai Ietsugu, who was in turn the son of Sakai Tadatsugu
Sakai Tadatsugu
was one of the most favored and most and successful military commanders serving Tokugawa Ieyasu in the late-Sengoku period. He is regarded as one of the Four Guardians of the Tokugawa .along with Honda Tadakatsu, Ii Naomasa, and Sakakibara Yasumasa.-Sakai clan genealogy:The Sakai clan originated in...
, one of Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan , which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but...
's three most trusted generals.
After brief tenures as daimyo of Takada Domain
Takada Domain
, also known as Takata domain, was an Edo period fiefdom in Echigo province. The region is located south of modern Niigata, which is the capital city of today's Niigata Prefecture....
and Matsushiro Domain
Matsushiro Domain
The ' was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Shinano Province. It was ruled for the majority of its history by the Sanada clan.-List of lords:*Mori clan #Tadamasa...
, Tadakatsu was transferred to the new Shōnai Domain in the summer of 1622. He retired in 1634, yielding his position to his son Sakai Tadamasa.
Tadakatsu died in 1647, at age 53.
Further reading
- Asano Gengo 浅野源吾(1976). Shōnai-han shi 庄內藩史. Ed. by Tōhoku Shinkōkai 東北振興会. Tokyo: Tōyō shoin 東洋書院.
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