Russian Army order of battle (1812)
Encyclopedia
The Imperial Russian Army
in 1812 consists of 3 main armies and other military formations. Commander in Chief Emperor of the Army was Alexander I
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Imperial Russian Army
The Imperial Russian Army was the land armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian army consisted of around 938,731 regular soldiers and 245,850 irregulars . Until the time of military reform of Dmitry Milyutin in...
in 1812 consists of 3 main armies and other military formations. Commander in Chief Emperor of the Army was Alexander I
Alexander I of Russia
Alexander I of Russia , served as Emperor of Russia from 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825 and the first Russian King of Poland from 1815 to 1825. He was also the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland and Lithuania....
.
1st Army of the West
General of infantry Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de TollyMichael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
Prince Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly , was a Russian Field Marshal and Minister of War during Napoleon's invasion in 1812 and War of the Sixth Coalition.-Early life:...
)
- 1st Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Count Peter WittgensteinPeter WittgensteinLudwig Adolph Peter, Prince Wittgenstein was a Russian Field Marshal distinguished for his services in the Napoleonic wars.-Life:...
)- 5th Infantry Division (Major General Gregor von Berg);
- 14th Infantry Division (Major General Ivan Sazonov);
- 2nd Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Karl Gustav von Baggehufvud)
- 4th Infantry Division (Major General Duke Eugene of Württemberg);
- 17th Infantry Division (Major General Zakhar Olsufiev);
- 3rd Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Nikolai Tuchkov)
- 1st Grenadier Division (Major General Count Pavel Stroganov);
- 3rd Infantry Division (Major General Pyotr Konovnitsin);
- 4th Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Count Pavel Shuvalov)
- 11th Infantry Division (Major General Nikolai Bakhmetiev);
- 23rd Infantry Division (Major General Alexey Bakhmetiev);
- 5th Reserve Guards Infantry Corps (Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of RussiaGrand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of RussiaConstantine Pavlovich was a grand duke of Russia and the second son of Emperor Paul I. He was the Tsesarevich of Russia throughout the reign of his elder brother Alexander I, but had secretly renounced his claim to the throne in 1823...
)- Guard Infantry Division (Major General Alexey YermolovAleksey Petrovich YermolovAleksey Petrovich Yermolov , or Ermolov , was a Russian Imperial general of the 19th century who commanded Russian troops in the Caucasus War.-Early life:...
); - 1st Combined Grenadier Division
- 1st CuirassierCuirassierCuirassiers were mounted cavalry soldiers equipped with armour and firearms, first appearing in late 15th-century Europe. They were the successors of the medieval armoured knights...
Division (Major General Nikolay Depreradovich);
- Guard Infantry Division (Major General Alexey Yermolov
- 6th Infantry Corps (General of infantry Dmitry DokhturovDmitry DokhturovDmitry Sergeyevich Dokhturov was a Russian Infantry General and a prominent military leader during the Patriotic War of 1812....
)- 7th Infantry Division (Lieutenant General Pyotr Kaptsevich);
- 24th Infantry Division (Major General Pyotr Likhachyov);
- 1st Reserve Cavalry Corps (General aid-de-camp Fyodor Uvarov);
- 2nd Reserve Cavalry Corps (General aid-de-camp Baron Fyodor Korf);
- 3rd Reserve Cavalry Corps (Major General Count Pyotr von der Pahlen);
- The "flying" Cossack Corps (General of cavalry Count Matvei PlatovMatvei PlatovCount Matvei Ivanovich Platov was a Russian general who commanded the Don Cossacks in the Napoleonic wars....
);
2nd Army of the West
General of infantry Prince Pyotr BagrationPyotr Bagration
Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration was a general of the Russian army. He was a descendant of the Georgian royal family of the Bagrations.- Life :...
- 7th Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Nikolay RaevskyNikolay RaevskyNikolay Nikolayevich Raevsky was a Russian general and statesman who achieved fame for his feats of arms during the Napoleonic wars. His family left a lasting legacy in Russian society and culture.-Early life:Nikolay Raevsky was born in Saint Petersburg...
); - 8th Infantry Corps (Lieutenant General Nikolay Borozdin);
- 4th Reserve Cavalry Corps (Major General Count Karl Sivers);
- Cossack detachment of (General Major Nikolay Ilovaisky Vth)
3rd Reserve Army of Observation
General of cavalry Alexander TormasovAlexander Tormasov
Count Alexander Petrovich Tormasov was a Russian cavalry general prominent during the Napoleonic Wars....
- Corps of General of infantry Sergei Kamenskii;
- Corps of Lieutenant General Yevgeni Markov;
- Corps of Lieutenant General Baron Fabian Gottlieb von Osten-Sacken;
- Cavalry Corps of Major General Count Charles de Lambert;
Danube Army
Admiral Pavel ChichagovPavel Chichagov
Pavel Vasilievich Chichagov or Tchichagov was a Russian military and naval commander of the Napoleonic wars.He was born in 1767 in Saint Petersburg, the son of Admiral Vasili Chichagov and his English wife. At the age of 12 he was enlisted in the Guard. In 1782 he served in a campaign in the...
- 1st Corps (General of cavalry Count Andrault de LangeronLouis Alexandre Andrault de LangeronCount Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langéron , born in Paris, was a French general in the service of the Imperial Russian Army during the Napoleonic Wars.-Early life:...
); - 2nd Corps (Lieutenant General Count Pyotr Essen);
- 3rd Corps (Lieutenant General Alexander Voinov);
- 4th Corps (Lieutenant General Andreas Burchard Friedrich von Saß (Andrey Pavlovich Zass));
- Reserve of the Army (Lieutenant General Ivan Sabaneev)
Separate Corps and detachments
- Corps of RigaRigaRiga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. With 702,891 inhabitants Riga is the largest city of the Baltic states, one of the largest cities in Northern Europe and home to more than one third of Latvia's population. The city is an important seaport and a major industrial, commercial,...
(Lieutenant GeneralLieutenant GeneralLieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
Magnus Gustav (Ivan) von Essen); - Corps of FinlandFinlandFinland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
(Lieutenant General (Faddey) Fabian SteinheilFabian SteinheilCount Fabian Gotthard von Steinheil was a Russian military officer, and the Governor-General of Finland between 1810 and 1824.Steinheil was born in Hapsal, Estonia...
); - 1st Reserve Corps (General aid-de-camp Baron Yegor Meller-Zakomelsky);
- 2nd Reserve Corps (Lieutenant General Fyodor Ertel);
- Bobruysk detachment (Major GeneralMajor GeneralMajor general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
Gavriil Ignatiev (Ignatyev)); - SmolenskSmolenskSmolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River. Situated west-southwest of Moscow, this walled city was destroyed several times throughout its long history since it was on the invasion routes of both Napoleon and Hitler. Today, Smolensk...
Reserve Corps (General aid-de-camp Baron Ferdinand von WintzingerodeFerdinand von WintzingerodeFerdinand, Freiherr of Wintzingerode was a German nobleman and officer in several different armies of the Napoleonic Wars, finally ending up as a general in the Imperial Russian army and fighting in the War of the Sixth Coalition against the French invasion of Russia and the subsequent campaigns...
); - KalugaKalugaKaluga is a city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River southwest of Moscow. Population: It is served by Grabtsevo Airport.-History:...
Reserve Corps (General of infantry Count of Serbian origin Mikhail Miloradovich); - 27th Infantry Division (Major General Dmitri Neverovskii);
- SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
n detachment (Major General Nikolai Liders)
See also
- French invasion of Russia (1812)
- La Grande ArméeLa Grande ArméeThe Grande Armée first entered the annals of history when, in 1805, Napoleon I renamed the army that he had assembled on the French coast of the English Channel for the proposed invasion of Britain...
- List of Russian commanders in the Patriotic War of 1812