Rosenborg Castle Gardens
Encyclopedia
Rosenborg Castle Gardens (Danish: Kongens Have literally The King's Garden) is Copenhagen
's oldest and most visited park with 2.5 million visitors per year.
acquired land outside Copenhagen and established a pleasure garden in Renaissance style
. It had a relatively small pavilion which was later expanded into present day Rosenborg Castle
, a name it received in 1624.In 1634, Charles Ogier, secretary to the French ambassador to Denmark, compared it to the Tuileries Garden
in Paris
. A drawing by Otto Heiders from 1649, the oldest dated garden plan from Denmark, provides knowledge about the lauout of the original garden. The garden was dominated by three main paths, Kavalergangen (English: The Gentlemen's Path)and Damegangen (ENglish:The Lady's Path) which still exist today, and a third now gone path across which extended at a right angle from the castle's gable. The garden also had statues, a fountain and pavilions while its plants included mulberries, wine, apples, pears, and lavender.
redesigned the gardens into the Batoque style. In 1737 he also built the new orangery.
many architectural projects, was originally built as a country summerhouse in 1606, and until around 1710, was used as a royal residence.
for Christian V. In 1709 they were built together to from one large orangery complex and in 1743 it was redesigned into the Baroque style
by Johan Cornelius Krieger
. From 1885 to 1886 it was concerted into for the Royal Life Guard by Engineer Officer Ernst Peymann
. In 1985 they moved to new premises at Høvelte between Allerød
and Birkerød
and since Rosenborg Barracks has only housed guards on duty at Copenhagen.
positioned in a deep niche between two Tuscan columns. It is flanked by two smaller niches with statues of Orpheus
and Eurydice
. The three statues were made by the Italian sculptor Giovanni Baratta
and acquired by Frederik IV
during his visit to Italy.
and parts of Gothersgade, the park is enclosed by a metal wrough-iron grill which incorporates 16 small pavilions which opens to the street side.
After the Copenhagen Fire of 1795
there was an urgent need for new housing and Crown Prince Frederik put the southern strip of his garden at disposal for the construction of a new street which was to connect Gothersgade to Sølvgade. It was named Kronprinsessegade (en. Crown Princess Street) in honour of Crown Princess Marie Sophie
. New residential buildings soon sprung up along the south side of the street but in the same time the need arose for a barrier toward the garden and City Architect Peter Meyn was charged with the commission. He had just returned from Paris
where he had been struck by the Pont-Neuf with its iron grill and many small shops and the street life which surrounded it. With this as an inspiration, he designed the new grill along the edge of the park with 14 small shop pavilions which were completed in 1806. The two last pavilions, opposite Landemærket, were not built until 1920. Before this time, the site was occupied by two buildings, Exercerhus (en. The Drill House) and Rosenborg Brøndanstalt.
The pavilions are built to a Newclassical
design and are six ell
s wide, six ells deep and six ells high.
Among the goods which were sold from the pavilions were cakes and stockings. Later they were available to architects and artists from the Roydal Arts Academy as a sort of grant. Today they are rented out by the Palaces and Properties Agency on two-years leases with possibility of extension. There is a required minimum opening time of 20 hours per week and the use need be relevant to the site's history and in the same time put it in a contemporary context.
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
's oldest and most visited park with 2.5 million visitors per year.
The Renaissance gardens
In 1606 Christian IVChristian IV of Denmark
Christian IV was the king of Denmark-Norway from 1588 until his death. With a reign of more than 59 years, he is the longest-reigning monarch of Denmark, and he is frequently remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious and proactive Danish kings, having initiated many reforms and projects...
acquired land outside Copenhagen and established a pleasure garden in Renaissance style
Gardens of the French Renaissance
The Gardens of the French Renaissance is a garden style largely inspired by the Italian Renaissance garden, particularly the gardens of Florence and Rome. King Charles VIII and his nobles brought the style back to France after their campaign in Italy in 1495...
. It had a relatively small pavilion which was later expanded into present day Rosenborg Castle
Rosenborg Castle
Rosenborg Castle is a renaissance castle located in the centre of Copenhagen, Denmark. The castle was originally built as a country summerhouse in 1606 and is an example of Christian IV's many architectural projects...
, a name it received in 1624.In 1634, Charles Ogier, secretary to the French ambassador to Denmark, compared it to the Tuileries Garden
Tuileries Garden
The Tuileries Garden is a public garden located between the Louvre Museum and the Place de la Concorde in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. Created by Catherine de Medicis as the garden of the Tuileries Palace in 1564, it was first opened to the public in 1667, and became a public park after the...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. A drawing by Otto Heiders from 1649, the oldest dated garden plan from Denmark, provides knowledge about the lauout of the original garden. The garden was dominated by three main paths, Kavalergangen (English: The Gentlemen's Path)and Damegangen (ENglish:The Lady's Path) which still exist today, and a third now gone path across which extended at a right angle from the castle's gable. The garden also had statues, a fountain and pavilions while its plants included mulberries, wine, apples, pears, and lavender.
The Baroque gardens
In the first half of the 18th century, Johan Cornelius KriegerJohan Cornelius Krieger
Johan Cornelius Krieger was a Danish architect and landscape architect, who from the 1720s served as both the country's chief architect, and head of the royal gardens....
redesigned the gardens into the Batoque style. In 1737 he also built the new orangery.
Rosenborg Castle
The Rosenborg Castle, one of Christian IV'sChristian IV of Denmark
Christian IV was the king of Denmark-Norway from 1588 until his death. With a reign of more than 59 years, he is the longest-reigning monarch of Denmark, and he is frequently remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious and proactive Danish kings, having initiated many reforms and projects...
many architectural projects, was originally built as a country summerhouse in 1606, and until around 1710, was used as a royal residence.
Rosenborg Barracks
Rosenborg Barracks is located on the corner of Gothersgade and Øster Voldgadeand was originally a pavilion and two long conservatory buildings built by Lambert van HavenLambert van Haven
Lambert van Haven was a Danish architect, master builder and painter. He was born in Bergen, the son of the artist Solomon van Haven who had already succeeded in winning the favour of the Danish monarchy....
for Christian V. In 1709 they were built together to from one large orangery complex and in 1743 it was redesigned into the Baroque style
Baroque architecture
Baroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
by Johan Cornelius Krieger
Johan Cornelius Krieger
Johan Cornelius Krieger was a Danish architect and landscape architect, who from the 1720s served as both the country's chief architect, and head of the royal gardens....
. From 1885 to 1886 it was concerted into for the Royal Life Guard by Engineer Officer Ernst Peymann
Ernst Peymann
Heinrich Ernst Peymann was a Danish army officer. He was the heroic supreme commander of the Danish defense against the bombardment of Copenhagen in 1807....
. In 1985 they moved to new premises at Høvelte between Allerød
Allerød
Allerød may refer to either of these:* Allerød Municipality, a municipality in Denmark** Lillerød, also called Allerød, seat of the municipality** Allerød station, a railway station in the Danish town...
and Birkerød
Birkerød
Birkerød is a town and was a municipality in Frederiksborg County on the island of Zealand in eastern Denmark...
and since Rosenborg Barracks has only housed guards on duty at Copenhagen.
Hercules Pavilion
The Hercules Pavilion stands at the end of Kavalergangen and takes its name from a statue of HerculesHercules
Hercules is the Roman name for Greek demigod Heracles, son of Zeus , and the mortal Alcmene...
positioned in a deep niche between two Tuscan columns. It is flanked by two smaller niches with statues of Orpheus
Orpheus
Orpheus was a legendary musician, poet, and prophet in ancient Greek religion and myth. The major stories about him are centered on his ability to charm all living things and even stones with his music; his attempt to retrieve his wife from the underworld; and his death at the hands of those who...
and Eurydice
Eurydice
Eurydice in Greek mythology, was an oak nymph or one of the daughters of Apollo . She was the wife of Orpheus, who loved her dearly; on their wedding day, he played joyful songs as his bride danced through the meadow. One day, a satyr saw and pursued Eurydice, who stepped on a venomous snake,...
. The three statues were made by the Italian sculptor Giovanni Baratta
Giovanni Baratta
Giovanni Baratta was an Italian sculptor of the Baroque period. Born in Carrara, but active in Florence and Livorno. He was a pupil of Giovanni Battista Foggini. He has sculptures in Church of S. Ferdinando in Livorno. He is the nephew of Francisco Baratta the elder, who worked in the studio of...
and acquired by Frederik IV
Frederick IV of Denmark
Frederick IV was the king of Denmark and Norway from 1699 until his death. Frederick was the son of King Christian V of Denmark and Norway and Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel .-Foreign affairs:...
during his visit to Italy.
Wrough-iron grill and pavilions
Along KronprinsessegadeKronprinsessegade
Kronprinsessegade is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Noted for its fine Neoclassical houses, it extends from Gothersgade and runs along the southern boundary of Rosenborg Castle Garden, passing Sølvgade and the Nyboder district of old naval barracks before finally joining Øster Voldgade...
and parts of Gothersgade, the park is enclosed by a metal wrough-iron grill which incorporates 16 small pavilions which opens to the street side.
After the Copenhagen Fire of 1795
Copenhagen Fire of 1795
The Copenhagen Fire of 1795 started Friday the June 5, around 3 p.m. at the Navy’s old base at Gammelholm in the fleets warehouse for coal and barrels...
there was an urgent need for new housing and Crown Prince Frederik put the southern strip of his garden at disposal for the construction of a new street which was to connect Gothersgade to Sølvgade. It was named Kronprinsessegade (en. Crown Princess Street) in honour of Crown Princess Marie Sophie
Marie Sophie of Hesse-Kassel
thumb|Queen Marie Sophie portrayed by [[Cornelius Høyer]] Marie Sophie Frederikke of Hesse-Kassel was Queen Consort of Denmark and Norway. She also served as Regent of Denmark in 1814–1815.-Background:...
. New residential buildings soon sprung up along the south side of the street but in the same time the need arose for a barrier toward the garden and City Architect Peter Meyn was charged with the commission. He had just returned from Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
where he had been struck by the Pont-Neuf with its iron grill and many small shops and the street life which surrounded it. With this as an inspiration, he designed the new grill along the edge of the park with 14 small shop pavilions which were completed in 1806. The two last pavilions, opposite Landemærket, were not built until 1920. Before this time, the site was occupied by two buildings, Exercerhus (en. The Drill House) and Rosenborg Brøndanstalt.
The pavilions are built to a Newclassical
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
design and are six ell
Ell
An ell , is a unit of measurement, approximating the length of a man's arm.Several national forms existed, with different lengths, includingthe Scottish ell ,the Flemish ell ,the French ell...
s wide, six ells deep and six ells high.
Among the goods which were sold from the pavilions were cakes and stockings. Later they were available to architects and artists from the Roydal Arts Academy as a sort of grant. Today they are rented out by the Palaces and Properties Agency on two-years leases with possibility of extension. There is a required minimum opening time of 20 hours per week and the use need be relevant to the site's history and in the same time put it in a contemporary context.