Robert von Mohl
Encyclopedia
Robert von Mohl was a German jurist
. Father of diplomat Ottmar von Mohl
. Brother of Hugo von Mohl
and Julius von Mohl
.
From 1824 to 1845 he was professor of political sciences at the University of Tübingen, losing his position because of some frank criticisms which brought him under the displeasure of the authorities of Württemberg
.
In 1847 he was a member of the parliament of Württemberg, and in the same year he was appointed professor of law at Heidelberg
; in 1848 he was a member of the German Parliament which met at Frankfurt
and for a few months he was minister of justice. He was also a member of parliament in the Reichstag
. From 1827 to 1846, he was a professor of Staatswissenschaften (political science and political economics) of the University of Tübingen. Robert von Mohl was one of the first to coin the term of a Rechtsstaat
, or constitutional state, as opposed to the "aristocratic
" police state
.
His later public life was passed in the service of the Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden
, whom he represented as ambassador in Munich
from 1867 to 1871.
Through Kato Hiroyuki
and other Japanese thinkers and statesmen, his works influenced the Japanese state philosophy after the Meiji Restoration
.
Jurist
A jurist or jurisconsult is a professional who studies, develops, applies, or otherwise deals with the law. The term is widely used in American English, but in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth countries it has only historical and specialist usage...
. Father of diplomat Ottmar von Mohl
Ottmar von Mohl
Ottmar von Mohl was a German diplomat and government advisor in Meiji period Japan.Ottmar von Mohl, born in Tübingen, Germany was the son of famous jurist Robert von Mohl. He studied law at the University of Tübingen, passed the first Baden State Examination in 1868 and earned a doctorate in law...
. Brother of Hugo von Mohl
Hugo von Mohl
Hugo von Mohl was a German botanist from Stuttgart.He was a son of the Württemberg statesman Benjamin Ferdinand von Mohl , the family being connected on both sides with the higher class of state officials of Württemberg...
and Julius von Mohl
Julius von Mohl
Julius von Mohl , German Orientalist, brother of Hugo von Mohl and Robert von Mohl was born at Stuttgart.He abandoned the idea of entering the Lutheran ministry, and in 1823 went to Paris, at that time, under Silvestre de Sacy, the great European school of Eastern letters...
.
From 1824 to 1845 he was professor of political sciences at the University of Tübingen, losing his position because of some frank criticisms which brought him under the displeasure of the authorities of Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
.
In 1847 he was a member of the parliament of Württemberg, and in the same year he was appointed professor of law at Heidelberg
Heidelberg
-Early history:Between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, "Heidelberg Man" died at nearby Mauer. His jaw bone was discovered in 1907; with scientific dating, his remains were determined to be the earliest evidence of human life in Europe. In the 5th century BC, a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of...
; in 1848 he was a member of the German Parliament which met at Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
and for a few months he was minister of justice. He was also a member of parliament in the Reichstag
Reichstag (German Empire)
The Reichstag was the parliament of the North German Confederation , and of the German Reich ....
. From 1827 to 1846, he was a professor of Staatswissenschaften (political science and political economics) of the University of Tübingen. Robert von Mohl was one of the first to coin the term of a Rechtsstaat
Rechtsstaat
Rechtsstaat is a concept in continental European legal thinking, originally borrowed from German jurisprudence, which can be translated as "legal state", "state of law", "state of justice", or "state of rights"...
, or constitutional state, as opposed to the "aristocratic
Aristocracy
Aristocracy , is a form of government in which a few elite citizens rule. The term derives from the Greek aristokratia, meaning "rule of the best". In origin in Ancient Greece, it was conceived of as rule by the best qualified citizens, and contrasted with monarchy...
" police state
Police state
A police state is one in which the government exercises rigid and repressive controls over the social, economic and political life of the population...
.
His later public life was passed in the service of the Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden
Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden
Frederick I was the sixth Grand Duke of Baden from 1856 to 1907.Frederick was born in Karlsruhe, on September 9, 1826...
, whom he represented as ambassador in Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
from 1867 to 1871.
Through Kato Hiroyuki
Kato Hiroyuki
Baron was an academic and politician of the Meiji period Japan.-Biography:Katō was born to a samurai family in Izushi domain, Tajima Province , and studied military science under Sakuma Shōzan and rangaku under Oki Nakamasu in Edo...
and other Japanese thinkers and statesmen, his works influenced the Japanese state philosophy after the Meiji Restoration
Meiji Restoration
The , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, Reform or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868...
.
Works
- Die Polizei-Wissenschaft nach den Grundsätzen des Rechtsstaates (Police science according to the principles of the constitutional state)
- Encyklopädie der Staatswissenschaften (Encyclopedia of political sciences and political economics)
- Staatsrecht, Völkerrecht und Politik (Constitutional law, international law and politics)
External links
- Excerpt from Mohl's Lebenserinnerungen (autobiography)
- Bibliography to Mohl's work
- Article Mohl in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie