Pérignat-sur-Allier
Encyclopedia
Pérignat-sur-Allier is a commune
in the Puy-de-Dôme
department in Auvergne
in central France
. Pérignat-sur-Allier is part of the metropolitan area
of Clermont-Ferrand
and belongs to the community of communes of Mur-ès-Allier.. Its inhabitants
are called Pérignatois in French.
of a certain Patrinius, an important landholder
. Under the Romans
a villa was the center of an estate dedicated to agricultural production, often extending hundreds of hectare
s. At Pérignat there are still found remains of a Roman road and a necropolis with a sarcophagus
and ceramic
dated to the second century.
In the Middle Ages
the village had become a fief
of the family of the lords of Cournon-d'Auvergne
by the eleventh century. The village's name evolved to "Payrinhac," as attested in an Occitan manuscript from 1240. By the fifteenth century, the village's name was extended to "Pérignat oultre l'Allier" ("Pérignat on the other side of the Allier River
") and had become a possession of the lords of Montmorin
. The village still has vestiges of the medieval fortified town
.
By the end of the Ancien Régime
the name had become "Grand Pérignat," and later in the nineteenth century, "Pérignat-ès-Allier. There is controversy around the current name, Pérignat-sur-Allier," which resulted from a mistake in the registration of the name of the village at the end of the nineteenth century. In the town hall register one also finds the variant "Pérignat-s-Allier."
, which dates from the twelfth century, has been listed in the supplementary inventory of historic monuments since 1968. The church was remodeled in the sixteeenth and seventeenth century and has a bell dated 1678.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
in the Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme is a department in the centre of France named after the famous dormant volcano, the Puy-de-Dôme.Inhabitants were called Puydedomois until December 2005...
department in Auvergne
Auvergne (région)
Auvergne is one of the 27 administrative regions of France. It comprises the 4 departments of Allier, Puy de Dome, Cantal and Haute Loire.The current administrative region of Auvergne is larger than the historical province of Auvergne, and includes provinces and areas that historically were not...
in central France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. Pérignat-sur-Allier is part of the metropolitan area
Metropolitan area
The term metropolitan area refers to a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing. A metropolitan area usually encompasses multiple jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships,...
of Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand is a city and commune of France, in the Auvergne region, with a population of 140,700 . Its metropolitan area had 409,558 inhabitants at the 1999 census. It is the prefecture of the Puy-de-Dôme department...
and belongs to the community of communes of Mur-ès-Allier.. Its inhabitants
Demonym
A demonym , also referred to as a gentilic, is a name for a resident of a locality. A demonym is usually – though not always – derived from the name of the locality; thus, the demonym for the people of England is English, and the demonym for the people of Italy is Italian, yet, in english, the one...
are called Pérignatois in French.
History
The first name of Pérignat was "Patrinoacum." An early hamlet evolved around the villaVilla
A villa was originally an ancient Roman upper-class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity,...
of a certain Patrinius, an important landholder
Landed property
Landed property or landed estates is a real estate term that usually refers to a property that generates income for the owner without the owner having to do the actual work of the estate. In Europe, agrarian landed property typically consisted of a manor, several tenant farms, and some privileged...
. Under the Romans
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
a villa was the center of an estate dedicated to agricultural production, often extending hundreds of hectare
Hectare
The hectare is a metric unit of area defined as 10,000 square metres , and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the are was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare was thus 100 ares or 1/100 km2...
s. At Pérignat there are still found remains of a Roman road and a necropolis with a sarcophagus
Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus is a funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved or cut from stone. The word "sarcophagus" comes from the Greek σαρξ sarx meaning "flesh", and φαγειν phagein meaning "to eat", hence sarkophagus means "flesh-eating"; from the phrase lithos sarkophagos...
and ceramic
Ceramic
A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling. Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or may be amorphous...
dated to the second century.
In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
the village had become a fief
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
of the family of the lords of Cournon-d'Auvergne
Cournon-d'Auvergne
Cournon-d'Auvergne is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.-References:*...
by the eleventh century. The village's name evolved to "Payrinhac," as attested in an Occitan manuscript from 1240. By the fifteenth century, the village's name was extended to "Pérignat oultre l'Allier" ("Pérignat on the other side of the Allier River
Allier River
The Allier is a river in central France, and is the left tributary to the Loire River. Its source is in the Massif Central, in the Lozère département, east of Mende. It flows generally north...
") and had become a possession of the lords of Montmorin
Montmorin, Puy-de-Dôme
Montmorin is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.-References:*...
. The village still has vestiges of the medieval fortified town
Medieval fortification
Medieval fortification is military methods of Medieval technology that covers the development of fortification construction and use in Europe roughly from the fall of the Western Roman Empire to the Renaissance...
.
By the end of the Ancien Régime
Ancien Régime in France
The Ancien Régime refers primarily to the aristocratic, social and political system established in France from the 15th century to the 18th century under the late Valois and Bourbon dynasties...
the name had become "Grand Pérignat," and later in the nineteenth century, "Pérignat-ès-Allier. There is controversy around the current name, Pérignat-sur-Allier," which resulted from a mistake in the registration of the name of the village at the end of the nineteenth century. In the town hall register one also finds the variant "Pérignat-s-Allier."
Monuments
The village's fortified Church of Saint AgathaAgatha of Sicily
Saint Agatha of Sicily is a Christian saint. Her memorial is on 5 February. Agatha was born at Catania, Sicily, and she was martyred in approximately 251...
, which dates from the twelfth century, has been listed in the supplementary inventory of historic monuments since 1968. The church was remodeled in the sixteeenth and seventeenth century and has a bell dated 1678.