Pyoverdine
Encyclopedia
Pyoverdine is a fluorescent
siderophore
produced by the Gram negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa
.
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 there are 14 pvd genes involed in the synthesis of the pyoveridine.
Unlike Enterobactin
, Pyoverdine/pseudobactins are iron-binding non-ribosomal peptides containing a dihydroxyquinoline derivative. The structure of the peptide differs between pseudomonads and over 40 structures have been described, while the chromophore, (1S)-5-amino-2,3-dihydro- 8,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrimido[1,2-a]quinoline-1-carboxylic acid, is the same with the exeption of azobactin from Azotobacter vinelandii, which possesses an extra urea ring.
Fluorescence
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation of a different wavelength. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation...
siderophore
Siderophore
Siderophores are small, high-affinity iron chelating compounds secreted by grasses and microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi...
produced by the Gram negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that can cause disease in animals, including humans. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most man-made environments throughout the world. It thrives not only in normal atmospheres, but also in hypoxic atmospheres, and has, thus, colonized many...
.
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 there are 14 pvd genes involed in the synthesis of the pyoveridine.
Unlike Enterobactin
Enterobactin
Enterobactin is a high affinity siderophore that acquires iron for microbial systems. It is primarily found in Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium....
, Pyoverdine/pseudobactins are iron-binding non-ribosomal peptides containing a dihydroxyquinoline derivative. The structure of the peptide differs between pseudomonads and over 40 structures have been described, while the chromophore, (1S)-5-amino-2,3-dihydro- 8,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrimido[1,2-a]quinoline-1-carboxylic acid, is the same with the exeption of azobactin from Azotobacter vinelandii, which possesses an extra urea ring.
| Pseudomonad species | Strain | Structure of the pyoverdine peptide chain |
|---|---|---|
| P. aeruginosa | ATCC15692 | Q-DSer-Arg-DSer-FoOHOrn-c(Lys-FoOHOrn-Thr-Thr) |
| P. aeruginosa | ATCC27853 | Q-DSer-FoOHDOrn-Orn-Gly-aDThr-Ser-cOHOrn |
| P. aeruginosa | Pa6 | Q-DSer-Dab-FoOHOrn-Gln-DGln-FoOHDOrn-Gly |
| P. chlororaphis | ATCC9446 | Q-DSer-Lys-Gly-FoOHOrn-c(Lys-FoOHDOrn-Ser) |
| P. fluorescens bv.I | ATCC13525 | Q-DSer-Lys-Gly-FoOHOrn-c(Lys-FoOHDOrn-Ser) |
| P. fluorescens bv.I | 9AW | Q-DSer-Lys-OHHis-aDThr-Ser-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens bv.III | ATCC17400 | Q-DAla-DLys-Gly-Gly-OHAsp-DGln/Dab-Ser-DAla-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens bv.V | 51W | Q-DAla-DLys-Gly-Gly-OHDAsp-DGln-DSer-Ala-Gly-aDThr-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens bv.V | 1W | Q-DSer-Lys-Gly-FoOHOrn-c(Lys-FoOHDOrn-Ser) |
| P. fluorescens bv.V | 10CW | Q-DSer-Lys-Gly-FoOHOrn-c(Lys-FoOHDOrn-Ser) |
| P. fluorescens bv.VI | PL7 | Q-DSer-AcOHDOrn-Ala-Gly-aDThr-Ala-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens bv.VI | PL8 | Q-DLys-AcOHDOrn-Ala-Gly-aDThr-Ser-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens | 1.3 | Q-DAla-DLys-Gly-Gly-OHAsp-DGln/Dab-Gly-Ser-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens | 18.1 | Q-DSer-Lys-Gly-FoOHOrn-Ser-DSer-Gly-c(Lys-FoOHDOrn-Ser) |
| P. fluorescens | CCM 2798 | Q-Ser-Dab-Gly-Ser-OHDAsp-Ala-Gly-DAla-Gly-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens | CFBP 2392 | Q-DLys-AcOHDOrn-Gly-aDThr-Thr-Gln-Gly-DSer-cOHOrn |
| P. fluorescens | CHA0 | Q-Asp-FoOHDOrn-Lys-c(Thr-Ala-Ala-FoOHDOrn-Lys) |
| P. putida bv. B | 9BW | Q-DSer-Lys-OHHis-aDThr-Ser-cOHOrn |
| P. putida | CFBP 2461 | Q-Asp-Lys-OHDAsp-Ser-aDThr-Ala-Thr-DLys-cOHOrn |
| P. tolaasii | NCPPB 2192 | Q-DSer-Lys-Ser-DSer-Thr-Ser-AcOHOrn-Thr-DSer-cOHDOrn |