Purnia
Encyclopedia
Purnia is a city and a Municipal Corporation
in Purnia district
of the Indian state of Bihar
. It is located 400 km from Patna.
The Indian army
, Border Security Force
(BSF),and the SSB
and the have bases around the city. The Purnea Airport
, which serves the ity, is located within the Indian Air Force
's cantonment
area.
The name possibly originates from the Sanskrit
word Purna–Aranya which stands for "complete jungle".
Purnia could be an altered form of the old name Purania, derived from the word purain or Lotus
, which is said to have grown on the Kosi
and Mahananda
rivers. This derivation is stated by O'Malley and is also in the old gazetteer
.
An alternative could be a derivation from the words Pur Aranya. W.W. Hunter and Buchanan have mentioned the name of Purnia, it being a forested area, using combination of the words purn and aranya (full and forest).
The name of Purnia's 600 year old temple of Mata Puran Devi(Kali), located about 5 km outside the city, is believed to be the name origin of Purnia.
, the Pundirs are descendants of the great Pundra dynasty. A Pundra king challenged Vasudeva Krishna
by imitating his attributes, calling himself Paundraka Vasudeva. He was later killed by Vasudeva Krishna in a battle. The founders of five eastern kingdoms, Angas Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras and Suhmas, shared a common ancestry.
Purnia has a tradition of at least a few centuries behind it. Under the Mughal
rule, the district comprised Sarkar Tajpur, east of the Mahananda and Sarkar Purnia, west of the river. Purnia, at that time was a great military seat under the rule of a Fauzadar as a frontier district; Purnia has always had an extra administrative importance. Even in the early British
days, Purnia was considered to be an important responsibility particularly as it was located on the border of Nepal
.
There is a hilly tract in the north with a small hill of Calcareous
belt, called Chotapahar near Manihari. It has a slope from the north to the south and is traversed by a number of rivers and their tributaries
. The district is composed of alluvial soil, partly old and partly new. The old alluvium is found in the north of the district where it consists of kankars (stone dust). The new alluvium is available in the south of the district and is composed of silt, clay and the sand. The alluvial soil is supposed to be brought by the Ganga and its tributaries from the Himalayas
and is very rich with fertilizing elements.
season begins in early June and lasts until September, during which 82% of total annual rainfall falls.
January, the coldest month, has a mean daily minimum temperature of 5 °C (41 °F) to 10 °C (50 °F) 5-10 °C, and a mean daily maximum of 20 °C (68 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F). Wind is typically light in the non-monsoon seasons, but during the monsoon, storms and depressions originating in the Bay of Bengal
cause heavy rain and strong winds.
. The alluvial soil, irrigated by the Kosi
and Mahananda
rivers, has been particularly suited to the paddy cultivation of rice
. Other crops grown for Purnia are potatoes, wheat
, khesari, chickpeas, chillies peppers, maize
, lentils, arhar dal
, barley
, sugarcane
, tobacco
, makhana
, mung beans, and jute
. The previous extensive growing of jute supported a former flourishing jute
industry in the city.
, New Delhi
and other neighboring cities. Katihar
is the nearest major railway station for connection to all parts of the country.
Purnia is ascociated with many poets and literary figures, including:
Founded in 1800 at the time of British rule, Zila School is Purnia's oldest, and one of the city's largest. Other schools are Purnia Girls' High School, Braj Bihari Memorial School, Adarsha Vidyalaya, Millia Convent English School, Rambagh Vidya Vihar residential public school, Bijendra Public School (BPS), Don Bosco, Bright Career School, Manas Bharti Public School, Saraswati Vidhya Mandir, and Ursuline Convent English Medium School.
There are two engineering colleges, Millia Institute of Technology and Vidya Vihar Institute Technology, and Purnia College Purnia, Women's College Purnia, and Law College Purnia.
Colleges in Purnia deliver general and specialised honours degrees under the auspices of BN Mandal University.
, Durga puja
, Ramzan, Muharram
, Laxmi puja, Diwali
, Saraswati puja, Tij, Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi and Shab-e-Barat. Durga puja
is celebrated every April at the Ramakrishna Mission
.
, football hockey
and table tennis
are the most popular sports. The Indira Gandhi Stadium
and the DSA and Zila School grounds are the city's outdoor stadiums, and have hosted state level matches. The stadium houses the SAI
sports hostel for athletes. There are two indoor stadiums in the city. This new stadium has facilities for badminton, table tennis, and other indoor sports. Purnia has produced national football players Samad and Latif.
, Purnia had a population of 520,353 . Males constitute 52.2% of the population and females 47.8%. Purnia has an average literacy rate of 35.1%, much lower than the national average of 64.8%: male literacy is 45.63%, and female literacy is 23.42%. In Purnia, 16% of the population is under 30 years of age.
Purnea has a majority Biharis
population .Other minority communities include muslims, Marwaris
, Bengali
and Punjabi
.
Municipal corporation
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which...
in Purnia district
Purnia District
Purnia district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The town of Purnia is the administrative headquarters of this district.Purnia district is a part of Purnia Division...
of the Indian state of Bihar
Bihar
Bihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
. It is located 400 km from Patna.
The Indian army
Indian Army
The Indian Army is the land based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. With about 1,100,000 soldiers in active service and about 1,150,000 reserve troops, the Indian Army is the world's largest standing volunteer army...
, Border Security Force
Border Security Force
The Border Security Force is a border patrol agency of the Government of India. Established on December 1, 1965, it is one of the Central Armed Police Forces. Its primary role is to guard India's international borders during peacetime and also prevent transnational crime...
(BSF),and the SSB
Sashastra seema bal
Sashastra Seema Bal or SSB is one of India's Central Armed Police Forces. It is often referred to as a paramilitary force...
and the have bases around the city. The Purnea Airport
Purnea Airport
Purnea Airport is located at Purnia in the state of Bihar, India....
, which serves the ity, is located within the Indian Air Force
Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force is the air arm of the Indian armed forces. Its primary responsibility is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during a conflict...
's cantonment
Cantonment
A cantonment is a temporary or semi-permanent military or police quarters. The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or district, as is the name of the Cantons of Switzerland. In South Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations...
area.
Name
The origin of the name appears to have different sources.The name possibly originates from the Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
word Purna–Aranya which stands for "complete jungle".
Purnia could be an altered form of the old name Purania, derived from the word purain or Lotus
Lotus (plant)
Lotus identifies various plant taxa:* Nelumbo, a genus of aquatic plants with showy flowers** Nelumbo nucifera, the Sacred or Indian lotus** Nelumbo lutea, the American or Yellow lotus...
, which is said to have grown on the Kosi
Kosi
Kosi, also known as Kosi Kalan, is a small town in the Mathura district of the northern state of Uttar Pradesh. Located on the Agra-Delhi highway, it is at a distance of about 100 km from Delhi and about the same from the city of Agra. Kosi is an economic and industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh with...
and Mahananda
Mahananda
Mahananda is a sandhi or word agglutinate in Sanskrit and several other Indo-Aryan languages meaning "great happiness", "great bliss", or someone who has achieved such a state. Once a common given name in India, this name is now widely considered archaic...
rivers. This derivation is stated by O'Malley and is also in the old gazetteer
Gazetteer
A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary or directory, an important reference for information about places and place names , used in conjunction with a map or a full atlas. It typically contains information concerning the geographical makeup of a country, region, or continent as well as the social...
.
An alternative could be a derivation from the words Pur Aranya. W.W. Hunter and Buchanan have mentioned the name of Purnia, it being a forested area, using combination of the words purn and aranya (full and forest).
The name of Purnia's 600 year old temple of Mata Puran Devi(Kali), located about 5 km outside the city, is believed to be the name origin of Purnia.
History
The bhats of the Pundir Rajputs, state that, having had their origins in TelanganaTelangana
Telangana is a region in the present state of Andhra Pradesh, India and formerly was part of Hyderabad state which was ruled by Nizam. It is bordered with the states of Maharashtra on the north and north-west, Karnataka on the west, Chattisgarh on the north-east and Orissa to the east...
, the Pundirs are descendants of the great Pundra dynasty. A Pundra king challenged Vasudeva Krishna
Vasudeva Krishna
Within the Indian epic Mahabharata, Krishna was the son of the Yadava chief Vasudeva and his wife Devaki. Hence he was known as Vasudeva Krishna or Vasudeva.- Krishna as a political reformer :...
by imitating his attributes, calling himself Paundraka Vasudeva. He was later killed by Vasudeva Krishna in a battle. The founders of five eastern kingdoms, Angas Vangas, Kalingas, Pundras and Suhmas, shared a common ancestry.
Purnia has a tradition of at least a few centuries behind it. Under the Mughal
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
rule, the district comprised Sarkar Tajpur, east of the Mahananda and Sarkar Purnia, west of the river. Purnia, at that time was a great military seat under the rule of a Fauzadar as a frontier district; Purnia has always had an extra administrative importance. Even in the early British
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
days, Purnia was considered to be an important responsibility particularly as it was located on the border of Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...
.
Geography
Purnia and its surrounding lands, lies in the sub-montane alluvial tract of the Gangetic Plain.There is a hilly tract in the north with a small hill of Calcareous
Calcareous
Calcareous is an adjective meaning mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate, in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.-In zoology:...
belt, called Chotapahar near Manihari. It has a slope from the north to the south and is traversed by a number of rivers and their tributaries
Tributary
A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a main stem river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean...
. The district is composed of alluvial soil, partly old and partly new. The old alluvium is found in the north of the district where it consists of kankars (stone dust). The new alluvium is available in the south of the district and is composed of silt, clay and the sand. The alluvial soil is supposed to be brought by the Ganga and its tributaries from the Himalayas
Himalayas
The Himalaya Range or Himalaya Mountains Sanskrit: Devanagari: हिमालय, literally "abode of snow"), usually called the Himalayas or Himalaya for short, is a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau...
and is very rich with fertilizing elements.
Climate
Purnia, with the highest rainfall in Bihar state, has a largely humid climate, with humidity rising to above 70%. A cold season, from November to February, is followed by a hot season from March to June. The monsoonMonsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
season begins in early June and lasts until September, during which 82% of total annual rainfall falls.
January, the coldest month, has a mean daily minimum temperature of 5 °C (41 °F) to 10 °C (50 °F) 5-10 °C, and a mean daily maximum of 20 °C (68 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F). Wind is typically light in the non-monsoon seasons, but during the monsoon, storms and depressions originating in the Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...
cause heavy rain and strong winds.
Agriculture
Purnia is supplied by agriculture from its surrounding districtPurnia District
Purnia district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. The town of Purnia is the administrative headquarters of this district.Purnia district is a part of Purnia Division...
. The alluvial soil, irrigated by the Kosi
Koshi River
The Kosi River or Koshi —also Saptakoshi for its seven Himalayan tributaries—is a trans-boundary river flowing through Nepal and India. Some of the rivers of the Koshi system, such as the Arun, the Sun Kosi and the Bhote Koshi, originate in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China...
and Mahananda
Mahananda River
The Mahananda River is a trans-boundary river that flows through the Indian states of West Bengal and Bihar, and Bangladesh. Right bank tributary Mechi forms part of Nepal's eastern boundary with West Bengal and the Kankai crosses out of Nepal.-Course:...
rivers, has been particularly suited to the paddy cultivation of rice
Rice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
. Other crops grown for Purnia are potatoes, wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
, khesari, chickpeas, chillies peppers, maize
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
, lentils, arhar dal
Pigeon pea
The pigeon pea , also known as tropical green pea, toor dāl or arhar dāl , ತೊಗರಿ ಬೇಳೆ kadios , or Congo pea or gungo pea , pois Congo , gandul , gunga pea, or no-eye pea, [Cajanus...
, barley
Barley
Barley is a major cereal grain, a member of the grass family. It serves as a major animal fodder, as a base malt for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various health foods...
, sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...
, tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
, makhana
Euryale ferox
Euryale ferox is the only species in the genus Euryale. It is a flowering plant classified in the water lily family, Nymphaeaceae, although it is occasionally regarded as a distinct family Euryalaceae...
, mung beans, and jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....
. The previous extensive growing of jute supported a former flourishing jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....
industry in the city.
Rail
Purnia is connected through a still developing railway system. There are daily and weekly trains to KolkataKolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
, New Delhi
New Delhi
New Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
and other neighboring cities. Katihar
Katihar
Katihar is a town situated in the north eastern part of Bihar state in India. It is headquarters of Katihar district.- Geography :Katihar is located at...
is the nearest major railway station for connection to all parts of the country.
Road
National Highways NH 31, NH 57 and NH 107 give access to the other states and cities, where state highways connect the neighboring cities and villages.Language and literature
Hindi, Bengali and Urdu are the principal languages of Purnia, spoken with Maithili, Surjapuri, Polia,[clarification needed] Angika and Santhali dialects. In most of the parts of Purnia, Maithili is spoken.Purnia is ascociated with many poets and literary figures, including:
- Satinath Bhaduri (1906–1965) novelist and politician.
- Phanishwar Nath 'Renu' (फणीश्वर नाथ रेणु) (1921–1977) one of the great Hindi novelists of post-Premchand era of Hindi literature.
Education
Purnia has always been the centre of education in the north Bihar region. While previously there had been few schools, there has recently been a growth in numbers with most teaching curriculum to the CISCE (ICSE, ISC), CBSE and the Bihar Secondary and Higher Secondary Board.Founded in 1800 at the time of British rule, Zila School is Purnia's oldest, and one of the city's largest. Other schools are Purnia Girls' High School, Braj Bihari Memorial School, Adarsha Vidyalaya, Millia Convent English School, Rambagh Vidya Vihar residential public school, Bijendra Public School (BPS), Don Bosco, Bright Career School, Manas Bharti Public School, Saraswati Vidhya Mandir, and Ursuline Convent English Medium School.
There are two engineering colleges, Millia Institute of Technology and Vidya Vihar Institute Technology, and Purnia College Purnia, Women's College Purnia, and Law College Purnia.
Colleges in Purnia deliver general and specialised honours degrees under the auspices of BN Mandal University.
Festivals
Many religious festivals are observed in Purnia, including ChhathChhath
Chhath is an ancient Hindu festival dedicated to the Hindu Sun God, Surya, also known as Surya Shashti. The Chhath Puja is performed in order to thank Surya for sustaining life on earth and to request the granting of certain wishes. The Sun, considered the god of energy and of the life-force, is...
, Durga puja
Durga Puja
Durga puja ; দুর্গা পূজা,ଦୁର୍ଗା ପୂଜା,‘Worship of Durga’), also referred to as Durgotsava ; , is an annual Hindu festival in South Asia that celebrates worship of the Hindu goddess Durga. It refers to all the six days observed as Mahalaya, Shashthi, Maha Saptami, Maha Ashtami, Maha Navami and...
, Ramzan, Muharram
Muharram
Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar. It is one of the four sacred months of the year in which fighting is prohibited...
, Laxmi puja, Diwali
Diwali
Diwali or DeepavaliThe name of the festival in various regional languages include:, , , , , , , , , , , , , popularly known as the "festival of lights," is a festival celebrated between mid-October and mid-December for different reasons...
, Saraswati puja, Tij, Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi and Shab-e-Barat. Durga puja
Durga Puja
Durga puja ; দুর্গা পূজা,ଦୁର୍ଗା ପୂଜା,‘Worship of Durga’), also referred to as Durgotsava ; , is an annual Hindu festival in South Asia that celebrates worship of the Hindu goddess Durga. It refers to all the six days observed as Mahalaya, Shashthi, Maha Saptami, Maha Ashtami, Maha Navami and...
is celebrated every April at the Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission are twin organizations which form the core of a worldwide spiritual movement known as Ramakrishna Movement or Vedanta Movement. The Ramakrishna Mission is a philanthropic, volunteer organization founded by Ramakrishna's chief disciple Swami Vivekananda on...
.
Sport
CricketCricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
, football hockey
Hockey
Hockey is a family of sports in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.-Etymology:...
and table tennis
Table tennis
Table tennis, also known as ping-pong, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight, hollow ball back and forth using table tennis rackets. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net...
are the most popular sports. The Indira Gandhi Stadium
Indira Gandhi Stadium
Indira Gandhi Stadium is located in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh and is also known as the Municipal Stadium. The stadium has hosted a solitary ODI Match between India and West Indies on November 24, 2002....
and the DSA and Zila School grounds are the city's outdoor stadiums, and have hosted state level matches. The stadium houses the SAI
Sports Authority of India
The Sports Authority of India is a body set up by the Government of India. It was created in 1984 to help promote sport throughout the country. Presently, it has seven regional centres at Bangalore, Gandhinagar, Kolkata, Sonepat, Delhi, Mumbai and Imphal and two sub-centres at Guwahati and...
sports hostel for athletes. There are two indoor stadiums in the city. This new stadium has facilities for badminton, table tennis, and other indoor sports. Purnia has produced national football players Samad and Latif.
Demographics
As of 2011 India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Purnia had a population of 520,353 . Males constitute 52.2% of the population and females 47.8%. Purnia has an average literacy rate of 35.1%, much lower than the national average of 64.8%: male literacy is 45.63%, and female literacy is 23.42%. In Purnia, 16% of the population is under 30 years of age.
Purnea has a majority Biharis
Bihari people
The Biharis are an ethnic group originating from the present state of Bihar with a history going back three millennia...
population .Other minority communities include muslims, Marwaris
Marwaris
Marwari or Marwadi or Rajasthani people are Indian ethnic group, that inhabit the Rajasthan region of India. Their language Rajasthani is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages....
, Bengali
Bengali people
The Bengali people are an ethnic community native to the historic region of Bengal in South Asia. They speak Bengali , which is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী...
and Punjabi
Punjabi people
The Punjabi people , ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ), also Panjabi people, are an Indo-Aryan group from South Asia. They are the second largest of the many ethnic groups in South Asia. They originate in the Punjab region, which has been been the location of some of the oldest civilizations in the world including, the...
.
Notable people of Purnea
- Satinath BhaduriSatinath BhaduriSatinath Bhaduri was a Bengali Indian novelist and politician. He was known by his literary pseudonym, Chitra Gupta.-His works:Satinath's first novel was Jagari , for which he received the very first Rabindra Puraskar . This book earned him considerable fame. As a political novel, Jagari occupies...
(1906–1965) - novelist and politician - Ajit SarkarAjit SarkarAjit Sarkar born 1947 was a member of Communist Party of India . He was the member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly for Purnea constituency.He entered politics through the Student’s Federation of India, the CPM’s youth wing, and is still remembered in these parts as a firebrand leader who took up...
(1947–1998) - MLA politician - N. K. SinghN. K. SinghNand Kishore Singh is a former IAS officer and currently the Member Of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha. He belongs to the 1964 Bihar cadre.-Early life:...
- former IAS officer, currently Rajya SabhaRajya SabhaThe Rajya Sabha or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Rajya means "state," and Sabha means "assembly hall" in Sanskrit. Membership is limited to 250 members, 12 of whom are chosen by the President of India for their expertise in specific fields of art, literature,...
MP - S.M Ghosh - former IPS officer, Director General of Police (CRPF) and member of Indian Government's UPSCUnion Public Service CommissionThe Union Public Service Commission is the central agency authorized to conduct the Civil Services Examination for entry-level appointments to the various Civil Services of India. The agency's charter is granted by the Constitution of India...
- Phanishwar Nath 'Renu'Phanishwar Nath 'Renu'Phanishwar Nath 'Renu was one of the most successful and influential writers of modern Hindi literature in the post-Premchand era...
(फणीश्वर नाथ रेणु) (1921–1977) - Hindi novelist of the post-Premchand era - Raja Prithwi Chand Lall Choudhary CBECBECBE and C.B.E. are abbreviations for "Commander of the Order of the British Empire", a grade in the Order of the British Empire.Other uses include:* Chemical and Biochemical Engineering...
- former Raja of NazargunjNazargunjNazargunj is an Indian princely state, originating in Purnea city, in the state of Bihar. Literally meaning 'a place worth seeing', Nazargunj was the dominant princely state in Purnea. As a result of geographical proximity, Nazargunj also included some land in Bengal...
, Indian princely state originating in Purnea - Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand SinhaRaja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha-Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Sinha:The more prominent and better educated son of Raja Lilanand Singh was Raja Bahadur Kirtyanand Singh. He was a Bachelor of Arts from Allahabad University and was famous for his many pursuits - shikaar , Polo - as well for the role he played in the contemporary public...
- former Raja of BanailiBanailiBanaili estate in Bihar was one of the largest estates in India. It stretched into four of India's current states - Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Orissa... - Rai Bahadur Nitya Gopal Ghosh - former barrister and Chairman of Purnea Municipality