Pomatiopsidae
Encyclopedia
Pomatiopsidae is a family
of small mainly freshwater snail
s (but also in other habitats) with gills and an operculum
, aquatic
gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Rissooidea
(according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
).
Pomatiopsidae are well known as intermediate host
s of Asian schistosomes.
, where four of the eight genera including two endemics, are recorded. Triculinae radiated as aquatic snails in freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia
.
firstly defined this taxon as Pomatiopsinae in 1865. Stimpson's diagnosis reads as follows:
) that follows classification by Davis (1979):
Family-group name Rehderiellinae Brandt, 1974 is also in Pomatiopsidae, but it is not allocated in detail.
subfamily Pomatiopsinae
subfamily Triculinae - there is over 20 genera in Triculinae
tribe Triculuni
tribe Jullieniini
tribe Lacunopsini
tribe Pachydrobiini
Rehderiellinae is unallocated to subfamily
, halophilic, and even terrestrial. Terrestrial taxa occur only on the Japanese Archipelago located in East Asia (Blanfordia
). Tomichia
and Coxiella
include several halophilic species occurring on saline lakes.
Pomatiopsidae invaded freshwater habitats from marine ones in one or in two independent lineages. Additionally they invaded terrestrial habitats from freshwater habitats in two independent lineages.
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of small mainly freshwater snail
Freshwater snail
A freshwater snail is one kind of freshwater mollusc, the other kind being freshwater clams and mussels, i.e. freshwater bivalves. Specifically a freshwater snail is a gastropod that lives in a watery non-marine habitat. The majority of freshwater gastropods have a shell, with very few exceptions....
s (but also in other habitats) with gills and an operculum
Operculum (gastropod)
The operculum, meaning little lid, is a corneous or calcareous anatomical structure which exists in many groups of sea snails and freshwater snails, and also in a few groups of land snails...
, aquatic
Aquatic animal
An aquatic animal is an animal, either vertebrate or invertebrate, which lives in water for most or all of its life. It may breathe air or extract its oxygen from that dissolved in water through specialised organs called gills, or directly through its skin. Natural environments and the animals that...
gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Rissooidea
Rissooidea
Rissooidea, originally named Rissoacea by Grey, 1847, is a large taxonomic superfamily of small and minute saltwater, brackish water, freshwater, and semi-terrestrial snails which have gills and an operculum...
(according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...
).
Pomatiopsidae are well known as intermediate host
Intermediate host
A secondary host or intermediate host is a host that harbors the parasite only for a short transition period, during which some developmental stage is completed. For trypanosomes, the cause of sleeping sickness, humans are the primary host, while the tsetse fly is the secondary host...
s of Asian schistosomes.
Distribution
Pomatiopsinae are distributed worldwide. The generic diversity of Pomatiopsinae is particularly high in the Japanese ArchipelagoJapanese Archipelago
The , which forms the country of Japan, extends roughly from northeast to southwest along the northeastern coast of the Eurasia mainland, washing upon the northwestern shores of the Pacific Ocean...
, where four of the eight genera including two endemics, are recorded. Triculinae radiated as aquatic snails in freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...
.
Description
American malacologist William StimpsonWilliam Stimpson
William Stimpson was a noted American scientist.- Biography :Stimpson was born in Boston, Massachusetts to Herbert Hathorne Stimpson and Mary Ann Devereau Brewer. The Stimpsons were of the old colonial and Revolutionary stock of Massachusetts, the earliest known member of the family being James...
firstly defined this taxon as Pomatiopsinae in 1865. Stimpson's diagnosis reads as follows:
Subfamilies
The family Pomatiopsidae consists of 2 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...
) that follows classification by Davis (1979):
- subfamily Pomatiopsinae Stimpson, 1865 - synonyms: Hemibiinae Heude, 1890; Tomichiinae Wenz, 1938; Coxiellidae Iredale, 1943; Oncomelaniidae Salisbury & Edwards, 1961; Cecininae Starobogatov, 1983
- subfamily Triculinae Annandale, 1924
- tribe Triculuni Annandale, 1924 - synonym: Delavayidae Annandale, 1924
- tribe Jullieniini Davis, 1979
- tribe Lacunopsini Davis, 1979
- tribe Pachydrobiini Davis & Kang, 1990
Family-group name Rehderiellinae Brandt, 1974 is also in Pomatiopsidae, but it is not allocated in detail.
Genera
Genera within the family Pomatiopsidae include:subfamily Pomatiopsinae
- BlanfordiaBlanfordiaBlanfordia is a genus of terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae. They are land snails which have an operculum.The generic name Blanfordia is in honor of English naturalist William Thomas Blanford.-Distribution :...
Adams, 1863 - CecinaCecina (gastropod)Cecina is a genus of sea snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.They live in shallow waters in littoral and supralittoral habitats.-Distribution :...
A. Adams, 1861 - CoxiellaCoxiella (gastropod)Coxiella is a genus of aquatic snails that live in saline lakes, and have gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
E. A. Smith, 1894 - FukuiaFukuiaFukuia is a genus of amphibious freshwater snails and land snails with an operculum, gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
Abbott & Hunter, 1949 - Hemibia Heude, 1890
- IdiopyrgusIdiopyrgusIdiopyrgus is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :The distribution of the genus Idiopyrgus includes Brazil.-Species:...
Pilsbry, 1911 - synonym: Aquidauania Davis, 1979 - OncomelaniaOncomelaniaOncomelania is a genus of very small tropical freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.These Oncomelania snails are distantly related to the marine periwinkle, and more closely related to the small marine snails of the family Rissoidae.-Species:There are two species...
Gredler, 1881 - PomatiopsisPomatiopsisPomatiopsis is a genus of amphibious snails with gills and an operculum, gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.Pomatiopsis is the type genus of the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
Tryon, 1862 - the type genusType genusIn biological classification, a type genus is a representative genus, as with regard to a biological family. The term and concept is used much more often and much more formally in zoology than it is in botany, and the definition is dependent on the nomenclatural Code that applies:* In zoological...
of the family Pomatiopsidae - TomichiaTomichiaTomichia is a genus of very small freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
Benson, 1851
subfamily Triculinae - there is over 20 genera in Triculinae
tribe Triculuni
- Delavaya Heude, 1889
- FenouiliaFenouiliaFenouilia is a genus of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Fenouilia include:* Fenouilia kreitneri Neumayr, 1880- Further reading :...
Heude, 1889 - Lithoglyphopsis Thiele, 1928
- TriculaTriculaTricula is a genus of freshwater snails, gastropods in the Pomatiopsidae family.Tricula is the type genus of the tribe Triculuni.- Species :Species in the genus Tricula include:* Tricula bambooensis* Tricula bollingi Davis, 1968...
Benson, 1843 - type genus of the tribe Triculuni
tribe Jullieniini
- HubendickiaHubendickiaHubendickia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of the genus Hubendickia includes Thailand and China.- Species :...
Brandt, 1968 - Hydrorissoia Bavay, 1895
- Jullienia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1876 - type genus of the tribe Jullieniini
- Karelainia Davis, 1979
- KunmingiaKunmingiaKunmingia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Kunmingia include:* Kunmingia kumningensis Liu, Wang & Zhang, 1980 - type species...
Davis & Kuo in Davis, 1981 - NeoprosostheniaNeoprosostheniaNeoprososthenia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :The genus was established for extant species that were previously placed in the genus Paraprososthenia....
Davis & Kuo in Davis, Kuo, Hoagland, Chen, Yang & Chen, 1984 - Pachydrobiella Thiele, 1928 - with the only species Pachydrobiella brevisPachydrobiella brevisPachydrobiella brevis is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiopsidae.Pachydrobiella brevis is the only species in the genus Pachydrobiella.-Distribution:...
(Bavay, 1895) - † ParaprosostheniaParaprososthenia†Paraprosostenia is a fossil genus of prehistoric freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Paraprosostenia include:...
Annandale, 1919 - Saduniella Brandt, 1970 - with the only species Saduniella planispira Brandt, 1970
tribe Lacunopsini
- Lacunopsis Deshayes, 1876 - type genus of the tribe Lacunopsini
tribe Pachydrobiini
- GammatriculaGammatriculaGammatricula is a genus of freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of Gammatricula includes China.-Species:...
Davis & Liu in Davis, Liu & Chen, 1990 - Halewisia Davis, 1979 - with the only species Halewisia expansa (Brandt, 1970)
- Jinghongia Davis in Davis & Kang, 1990
- NeotriculaNeotriculaNeotricula is a genus freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :...
Davis in Davis, Subba Rao & Hoagland, 1986 - Pachydrobia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1876 - type genus of the tribe Pachydrobiini
- RobertsiellaRobertsiellaRobertsiella is a genus of freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of Robertsiella includes Malaysia.-Species:...
Davis & Greer, 1980 - Wuconchona Kang, 1983
Rehderiellinae is unallocated to subfamily
- Rehderiella Brandt, 1974 - type genus of the taxon Rehderiellinae
Ecology
Pomatiopsidae possesses various lifestyles from aquatic to amphibious, littoralLittoral
The littoral zone is that part of a sea, lake or river that is close to the shore. In coastal environments the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged. It always includes this intertidal zone and is often used to...
, halophilic, and even terrestrial. Terrestrial taxa occur only on the Japanese Archipelago located in East Asia (Blanfordia
Blanfordia
Blanfordia is a genus of terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae. They are land snails which have an operculum.The generic name Blanfordia is in honor of English naturalist William Thomas Blanford.-Distribution :...
). Tomichia
Tomichia
Tomichia is a genus of very small freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
and Coxiella
Coxiella (gastropod)
Coxiella is a genus of aquatic snails that live in saline lakes, and have gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :...
include several halophilic species occurring on saline lakes.
Pomatiopsidae invaded freshwater habitats from marine ones in one or in two independent lineages. Additionally they invaded terrestrial habitats from freshwater habitats in two independent lineages.
| Genus | Number of species | Habitat |
|---|---|---|
| Blanfordia Blanfordia Blanfordia is a genus of terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae. They are land snails which have an operculum.The generic name Blanfordia is in honor of English naturalist William Thomas Blanford.-Distribution :... |
3 | terrestrial |
| Cecina Cecina (gastropod) Cecina is a genus of sea snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.They live in shallow waters in littoral and supralittoral habitats.-Distribution :... |
8 | littoral Littoral The littoral zone is that part of a sea, lake or river that is close to the shore. In coastal environments the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged. It always includes this intertidal zone and is often used to... of the sea |
| Coxiella Coxiella Coxiella refers to a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae. It is named after Harold Herald Rea Cox , an American bacteriologist. Coxiella burnetii is the only member of this genus... |
10 (one of them extinct) | saline lakes |
| Fukuia Fukuia Fukuia is a genus of amphibious freshwater snails and land snails with an operculum, gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :... |
3 | terrestrial and freshwater, amphibious, often arboreal |
| "Fukuia" ooyagii Fukuia ooyagii Fukuia ooyagii is a species of freshwater snail which has an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Taxonomy :... - unassigned to genus |
1 | freshwater |
| Hemibia | ?? | ?? |
| Idiopyrgus Idiopyrgus Idiopyrgus is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :The distribution of the genus Idiopyrgus includes Brazil.-Species:... |
1-3 species | freshwater |
| Oncomelania Oncomelania Oncomelania is a genus of very small tropical freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.These Oncomelania snails are distantly related to the marine periwinkle, and more closely related to the small marine snails of the family Rissoidae.-Species:There are two species... |
2 | freshwater, marshy ground, seasonally amphibious |
| Pomatiopsis Pomatiopsis Pomatiopsis is a genus of amphibious snails with gills and an operculum, gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.Pomatiopsis is the type genus of the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :... |
4 | marshy ground, amphibious |
| Tomichia Tomichia Tomichia is a genus of very small freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.-Distribution :... |
11 | freshwater, brackish, saline lakes |
| Delavaya | ? | ? |
| Fenouilia Fenouilia Fenouilia is a genus of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Fenouilia include:* Fenouilia kreitneri Neumayr, 1880- Further reading :... |
? | freshwater |
| Lithoglyphopsis | ? | ? |
| Tricula Tricula Tricula is a genus of freshwater snails, gastropods in the Pomatiopsidae family.Tricula is the type genus of the tribe Triculuni.- Species :Species in the genus Tricula include:* Tricula bambooensis* Tricula bollingi Davis, 1968... |
15-20+ | freshwater |
| Hubendickia Hubendickia Hubendickia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of the genus Hubendickia includes Thailand and China.- Species :... |
16 | ? |
| Hydrorissoia | 7 | ? |
| Jullienia | 10 | ? |
| Karelainia | 4 | ? |
| Kunmingia Kunmingia Kunmingia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Kunmingia include:* Kunmingia kumningensis Liu, Wang & Zhang, 1980 - type species... |
? | ? |
| Neoprososthenia Neoprososthenia Neoprososthenia is a genus of freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :The genus was established for extant species that were previously placed in the genus Paraprososthenia.... |
? | ? |
| Pachydrobiella | 1 | ? |
| † Paraprososthenia Paraprososthenia †Paraprosostenia is a fossil genus of prehistoric freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Species :Species within the genus Paraprosostenia include:... |
fossil, freshwater lake beds | |
| Saduniella | 1 | ? |
| Lacunopsis | 12 | ? |
| Gammatricula Gammatricula Gammatricula is a genus of freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of Gammatricula includes China.-Species:... |
4 | ? |
| Halewisia | 1 | ? |
| Jinghongia | ? | ? |
| Neotricula Neotricula Neotricula is a genus freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :... |
2 (at least) | freshwater |
| Pachydrobia | 10 | ? |
| Robertsiella Robertsiella Robertsiella is a genus of freshwater snails which have a gill and an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.- Distribution :The distribution of Robertsiella includes Malaysia.-Species:... |
3 | freshwater, streams |
| Wuconchona | ? | ? |
| Rehderiella | ? | ? |
External links
- Davis G. M., Chen C.-E., Wu C., Kuang T.-F., Xing X.-G., Li L., Liu W.-J. & Yan Y.-L. (1992). "The Pomatiopsidae of Hunan, China (Gastropoda, Rissoacea)". MalacologiaMalacologiaMalacologia is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of malacology, the study of mollusks. The journal publishes articles in the fields of molluscan systematics, ecology, population ecology, genetics, molecular genetics, evolution, and phylogenetics.The journal specializes in publishing...
34(1-2): 143-342. - Guan F., Niu A. O., Attwood S. W., Li Y. L., Zhang B. & Zhu Y. H. (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of Triculine snails (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) from southern China". Molecular Phylogenetics and EvolutionMolecular Phylogenetics and EvolutionMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics. The journal is edited by D.E. Wildman.-Indexing:The journal is indexed in:*EMBiology*Journal Citation Reports*Scopus*Web of Science...
48(2): 702-707. , doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.021.