Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat massacre
Encyclopedia
The Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat massacre was a massacre
conducted by the 2nd Marine Brigade
of the South Korean Marines on 12 February 1968 of unarmed citizens in Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat village, Dien Ban District of Quang Nam Province
in South Vietnam
.
. Then U.S. Army conducted a similar massacre in My Lai.
In 1969, the victim's family made a petition to the President of South Vietnam Parliament for compensation.
Chae Myeong-shin (ko) conceded that Chief of Staff of the United States Army
General
William Westmoreland
demanded the investigation several times. Then South Korea replied that the massacre was a plot of the Viet Cong who wore the ROK Marine uniforms. On 10 January 1970, Colonel
Robert Morehead Cook
, United States Army
inspector general reported the massacre was conducted by the South Korean Marines. Chae Myeong-shin confessed that there were conflicting perspectives between United States and South Korea, because Americans lacked knowledge of guerrilla tactics, however Americans fully adapted the South Korean methodology later.
Massacre
A massacre is an event with a heavy death toll.Massacre may also refer to:-Entertainment:*Massacre , a DC Comics villain*Massacre , a 1932 drama film starring Richard Barthelmess*Massacre, a 1956 Western starring Dane Clark...
conducted by the 2nd Marine Brigade
2nd Marine Brigade (Republic of Korea)
The 2nd Marine Division , notably known as Blue Dragon , is an infantry division of the Republic of Korea Marine Corps.-History:On June 1, 1965, Prime Minister of South Vietnam Nguyen Cao Ky requested military aid from the Republic of Korea...
of the South Korean Marines on 12 February 1968 of unarmed citizens in Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat village, Dien Ban District of Quang Nam Province
Quang Nam Province
Quảng Nam is a province on the South Central Coast of Vietnam. It is bordered by Thua Thien-Huế province to the north, the nation of Laos to the west, Kon Tum Province to the southwest, Quảng Ngãi Province to the southeast, the South China Sea to the east, and the city of Da Nang to the...
in South Vietnam
South Vietnam
South Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...
.
Aftermath
After the massacre, US marines and South Vietnam Army reached the village on the day; they treated and transported surviving villagers to the hospitals. When the massacre occurred, the Phong Nhi villagers had a close relationship with U.S. Marines and the village men volunteered as South Vietnam Army. On 25 February the next massacre occurred in Ha My villageHa My massacre
The Ha My massacre was a massacre conducted by the South Korean Marines on 25 February 1968 of unarmed citizens in Ha My village, Quang Nam in South Vietnam. The victims were 135 women, children and elders from the thirty households...
. Then U.S. Army conducted a similar massacre in My Lai.
In 1969, the victim's family made a petition to the President of South Vietnam Parliament for compensation.
Report and confession
On 11 November 2000, former ROK Vietnam Expeditionary Forces Commanding Officer Lieutenant generalLieutenant General
Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
Chae Myeong-shin (ko) conceded that Chief of Staff of the United States Army
Chief of Staff of the United States Army
The Chief of Staff of the Army is a statutory office held by a four-star general in the United States Army, and is the most senior uniformed officer assigned to serve in the Department of the Army, and as such is the principal military advisor and a deputy to the Secretary of the Army; and is in...
General
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
William Westmoreland
William Westmoreland
William Childs Westmoreland was a United States Army General, who commanded US military operations in the Vietnam War at its peak , during the Tet Offensive. He adopted a strategy of attrition against the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam and the North Vietnamese Army. He later served as...
demanded the investigation several times. Then South Korea replied that the massacre was a plot of the Viet Cong who wore the ROK Marine uniforms. On 10 January 1970, Colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
Robert Morehead Cook
Robert Morehead Cook
Robert Morehead Cook was a United States Army Colonel, who served as an inspector general during a the Vietnam War.Cook reported the Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat massacre.-References:...
, United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
inspector general reported the massacre was conducted by the South Korean Marines. Chae Myeong-shin confessed that there were conflicting perspectives between United States and South Korea, because Americans lacked knowledge of guerrilla tactics, however Americans fully adapted the South Korean methodology later.
See also
- List of massacres in Vietnam
- Bodo League massacreBodo League massacreThe Bodo League massacre was a massacre of alleged communists and suspected sympathizers that occurred in the summer of 1950 during the Korean War. Estimates of the death toll vary. According to Prof. Kim Dong-Choon, Commissioner of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, at least 100,000 people...
- Ha My massacreHa My massacreThe Ha My massacre was a massacre conducted by the South Korean Marines on 25 February 1968 of unarmed citizens in Ha My village, Quang Nam in South Vietnam. The victims were 135 women, children and elders from the thirty households...
- Dien Nien-Phuoc Binh MassacreDien Nien-Phuoc Binh MassacreThe Dien Nien-Phuoc Binh Massacre was a massacre conducted by South Korean forces on October 9 and October 10, 1966, of 280 unarmed citizens in Tinh Son village, Quang Ngai province in South Vietnam. The massacre was conducted in two hamlets in Tinh Son village...
- Binh Hoa massacreBinh Hoa massacreThe Binh Hoa massacre was a massacre conducted by the South Korean forces between December 3 and December 6, 1966, of 430 unarmed citizens in Binh Hoa village, Quang Ngai province in South Vietnam. The most of the victims were children, elderly and women. The victims included 21 pregnant women...
- Go Dai massacreGo Dai massacreThe Go Dai massacre was a massacre conducted by the ROK Capital Division of the South Korean Army on 26 February 1966 of unarmed citizens in Go Dai hamlet, Binh An village, Tay Son District of Binh Dinh Province in South Vietnam. The Capital Division troops killed 380 villagers within an hour.After...
- Binh Tai massacreBinh Tai massacreThe Binh Tai massacre was a massacre conducted by the South Korean Forces on 9 October 1966 of 68 citizens in Binh Tai village, Phuoc Binh of Song Be Province in South Vietnam.-Investigation:...
- My Lai MassacreMy Lai MassacreThe My Lai Massacre was the Vietnam War mass murder of 347–504 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam on March 16, 1968, by United States Army soldiers of "Charlie" Company of 1st Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment, 11th Brigade of the Americal Division. Most of the victims were women, children , and...
- Tay Vinh massacreTay Vinh massacreThe Tay Vinh massacre was a series of massacres conducted by the ROK Capital Division of the South Korean Army between February 12, 1966 and March 17, 1966 of 1,200 unarmed citizens in Tay Vinh village, Tay Son District of Binh Dinh Province in South Vietnam. During the operation, the Capital...