Philip Kim
Encyclopedia
Philip Kim is a condensed matter
physicist
known for study of quantum transport in carbon nanotube
s and graphene
, including observations of quantum Hall effects in graphene.
at Seoul National University
and earned his bachelor's degree in 1990 and a master's degree in 1992, and a doctorate
in applied physics at Harvard University
in 1999 under the supervision of Charles Lieber
. He worked at the University of California, Berkeley
as a Miller Research Fellow
until 2001, when he joined the faculty at Columbia University
.
devices. In Feb. 2005, his group at Columbia reported electrical measurements of thin graphite films produced by an atomic force microscope
technique.
In Sept. 2005, they reported observation of the quantum Hall effect in single graphene layers simultaneously with the group of Andre Geim
, and in 2007, the two groups jointly published observations of the quantum Hall effect in graphene at room temperature
. Kim's group authored an influential paper in 2007 describing a transport gap introduced by lithographic patterning of graphene to form nanoribbons
. This was an important proof of principle in the development of graphene electronics as it allowed on-off switching of the graphene devices by a factor of 1000 at low temperature. In Feb. 2009, his group and coworkers have synthesized the large-scale graphene films by CVD method. He indicated that the quality of CVD-grown graphene is comparable to that of mechanically cleaved graphene, as observation of the half-integer quantum Hall effect in CVD-grown graphene. The group reported observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect
in suspended graphene in Nov. 2009.
Early Career Development Award in 2004. In 2006, he was named as one of the "Scientific American 50", a list of individuals/organizations honored for their contributions to science and society during the preceding year. Kim was awarded the 2008 Ho-Am Prize in Science
"for his pioneering work on low-dimensional carbon nanostructures". He received an IBM
Faculty award in 2009.
Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics deals with the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. These properties appear when a number of atoms at the supramolecular and macromolecular scale interact strongly and adhere to each other or are otherwise highly concentrated in a system. The most familiar...
physicist
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
known for study of quantum transport in carbon nanotube
Carbon nanotube
Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. Nanotubes have been constructed with length-to-diameter ratio of up to 132,000,000:1, significantly larger than for any other material...
s and graphene
Graphene
Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, whose structure is one-atom-thick planar sheets of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. The term graphene was coined as a combination of graphite and the suffix -ene by Hanns-Peter Boehm, who described single-layer...
, including observations of quantum Hall effects in graphene.
Academic career
Kim studied physicsPhysics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
at Seoul National University
Seoul National University
Seoul National University , colloquially known in Korean as Seoul-dae , is a national research university in Seoul, Korea, ranked 24th in the world in publications in an analysis of data from the Science Citation Index, 7th in Asia and 42nd in the world by the 2011 QS World University Rankings...
and earned his bachelor's degree in 1990 and a master's degree in 1992, and a doctorate
Doctorate
A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder to teach in a specific field, A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder...
in applied physics at Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
in 1999 under the supervision of Charles Lieber
Charles Lieber
Charles M. Lieber is an American chemist and renowned pioneer in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology at Harvard University. He holds a joint appointment in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, as the Mark Hyman Professor of Chemistry, and the School of Engineering and Applied...
. He worked at the University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley , is a teaching and research university established in 1868 and located in Berkeley, California, USA...
as a Miller Research Fellow
Miller Research Fellows
The Miller Fellow program is the central program of the Adolph C. and Mary Sprague Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science on the University of California Berkeley campus, which constitutes the support of Research Fellows - a group of the world’s most brilliant young scientists...
until 2001, when he joined the faculty at Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
.
Research
Kim and coworkers have made important contributions in the field of nanoscale low-dimensional materials. In 1999, he and Lieber published a highly cited paper on electrostatically controlled carbon nanotube NEMSNanoelectromechanical systems
Nanoelectromechanical systems are devices integrating electrical and mechanical functionality on the nanoscale. NEMS form the logical next miniaturization step from so-called microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS devices...
devices. In Feb. 2005, his group at Columbia reported electrical measurements of thin graphite films produced by an atomic force microscope
Atomic force microscope
Atomic force microscopy or scanning force microscopy is a very high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy, with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit...
technique.
In Sept. 2005, they reported observation of the quantum Hall effect in single graphene layers simultaneously with the group of Andre Geim
Andre Geim
Andre Konstantin Geim, FRS is a Dutch-Russian-British physicist working at the University of Manchester. Geim was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Konstantin Novoselov for his work on graphene...
, and in 2007, the two groups jointly published observations of the quantum Hall effect in graphene at room temperature
Room temperature
-Comfort levels:The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers has listings for suggested temperatures and air flow rates in different types of buildings and different environmental circumstances. For example, a single office in a building has an occupancy ratio per...
. Kim's group authored an influential paper in 2007 describing a transport gap introduced by lithographic patterning of graphene to form nanoribbons
Graphene nanoribbons
Graphene nanoribbons , often abbreviated GNRs, are thin strips of graphene or unrolled single-walled carbon nanotubes...
. This was an important proof of principle in the development of graphene electronics as it allowed on-off switching of the graphene devices by a factor of 1000 at low temperature. In Feb. 2009, his group and coworkers have synthesized the large-scale graphene films by CVD method. He indicated that the quality of CVD-grown graphene is comparable to that of mechanically cleaved graphene, as observation of the half-integer quantum Hall effect in CVD-grown graphene. The group reported observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect
Fractional quantum Hall effect
The fractional quantum Hall effect is a physical phenomenon in which the Hall conductance of 2D electrons shows precisely quantised plateaus at fractional values of e^2/h. It is a property of a collective state in which electrons bind magnetic flux lines to make new quasiparticles, and excitations...
in suspended graphene in Nov. 2009.
Honors and awards
Kim received a National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health...
Early Career Development Award in 2004. In 2006, he was named as one of the "Scientific American 50", a list of individuals/organizations honored for their contributions to science and society during the preceding year. Kim was awarded the 2008 Ho-Am Prize in Science
Ho-Am Prize
The Ho-Am Prize is a Korean annual award awarded to "domestic/abroad ethnic Korean who have made outstanding contributions to the development of science and culture and enhancement of the welfare of mankind," often referred to as the Korean equivalent of the Nobel Prize.Awarded since 1991, it is...
"for his pioneering work on low-dimensional carbon nanostructures". He received an IBM
IBM
International Business Machines Corporation or IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and sells computer hardware and software, and it offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas...
Faculty award in 2009.