Phalangiidae
Encyclopedia
The Phalangiidae are a family of harvestmen with about 380 known species. The best known is Phalangium opilio
. Dicranopalpus ramosus
is an invasive species in Europe
.
It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangodidae
, which belongs to the suborder Laniatores
.
Phalangium opilio
Phalangium opilio is "the most widespread species of harvestman in the world", occurring natively in Europe, and much of Asia, and having been introduced to North America, North Africa and New Zealand...
. Dicranopalpus ramosus
Dicranopalpus ramosus
Dicranopalpus ramosus is a species of harvestman. Males are up to 4 mm long, females can reach up to 6 mm. Both sexes have very long legs , with a distinct elongated apophysis that reaches almost to the end of the tibia. This makes their pedipalps look forked...
is an invasive species in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
.
It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangodidae
Phalangodidae
The Phalangodidae are a family of harvestmen with about 20 genera and more than 100 described species, distributed in the Holarctic Region.It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangiidae, which is in the suborder Eupnoi.-Name:...
, which belongs to the suborder Laniatores
Laniatores
Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,000 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habitats....
.
Systematics
- Dicranopalpinae
- AmilenusAmilenusAmilenus aurantiacus is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Martens, 1969 (1 species; central Europe) - DicranopalpusDicranopalpusDicranopalpus is a genus of harvestmen with twelve known recent species. Three fossil species have been described, all from Baltic amber, but only D. ramiger is currently considered valid.-Name:...
DoleschallCarl Ludwig DoleschallCarl Ludwig Doleschall was born in Nové Mesto nad Váhom , Slovakia , as the son of the theologian Michael Doleschall, and died in Ambon Island, Moluccas, only 31 years old...
, 1852 (12 species; Europe, South America) - LanthanopilioLanthanopilioLanthanopilio chickeringi is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Cokendolpher & Cokendolpher, 1984 (1 species) - Oligolophinae BanksNathan BanksNathan Banks was an American entomologist noted for his work on neuroptera, megaloptera, hymenoptera, and acarina . He started work on mites in 1880 with the USDA...
, 1893 - LaciniusLaciniusLacinius is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Lacinius angulifer * Lacinius bidens * Lacinius carpenteri Roewer, 1953* Lacinius carpetanus Rambla, 1959...
Thorell, 1876 (17 species; China, Europe, North America) - MitopiellaMitopiellaMitopiella cinctipes is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Banks, 1930 (1 species; Borneo) - MitopusMitopusMitopus is a genus of the harvestman family Phalangiidae with nine described species.-Species:* Mitopus mobilis Karsch, 1881 * Mitopus dorsalis Banks, 1900 * Mitopus ericaeus Jennings, 1982...
Thorell, 1876 (9 species; Eurasia, North America) - OdiellusOdiellusOdiellus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Odiellus aspersus * Odiellus brevispina * Odiellus duriusculus * Odiellus granulatus...
RoewerCarl Friedrich RoewerCarl Friedrich Roewer was a German arachnologist. He concentrated on harvestmen, where he described almost a third of today's known species, but also almost 700 taxa of spiders and numerous Solifugae....
, 1923 (17 species; Eurasia, North Africa, North America) - OligolophusOligolophusOligolophus is a genus of the harvestman family Phalangiidae with four described species.-Species:* Oligolophus mollis L. Koch * Oligolophus hansenii...
C. L. KochCarl Ludwig KochCarl Ludwig Koch was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was responsible for classifying a great number of spiders, including the Brazilian whiteknee tarantula and Common house spider. He was born in Kusel, Germany and died in Nuremberg, Germany.Carl Ludwig Koch was an inspector of water...
, 1871 (4 species; Europe, China) - ParalaciniusParalaciniusParalacinius podoliensis is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Morin, 1934 (1 species) - Paroligolophus Lohmander, 1945 (1 species; central Europe)
- RoewerittaRoewerittaRoeweritta carpentieri is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Silhavý, 1965 (1 species) - Opilioninae C.L. Koch, 1839
- EgaenusEgaenusEgaenus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Egaenus amanensis * Egaenus asiaticus Roewer, 1914* Egaenus bajsun Starega, 1979* Egaenus charitonovi...
C.L. Koch, in Hahn & C.L. Koch 1839 (14 species; Eurasia) - HimalphalangiumHimalphalangiumHimalphalangium is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Himalphalangium dolpoense Martens, 1973* Himalphalangium nepalensis * Himalphalangium palpalis...
Martens, 1973 (5 species) - HomolophusHomolophusHomolophus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Homolophus afghanum * Homolophus albofasciatum * Homolophus altaicum Roewer, 1923* Homolophus arcticus Banks, 1893...
Banks, 1893 (25 species; central Asia, North America) - OpilioOpilioOpilio is a genus of harvestmen with more than sixty known recent species.-Name:The genus name is derived from Latin opilio "sheep-master" , used by Plautus, also used by Virgil with the meaning "shepherd".-Species:...
HerbstJohann Friedrich Wilhelm HerbstJohann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst was a German naturalist and entomologist from Petershagen, Minden-Ravensberg....
, 1798 (63 species; Eurasia, one species also in North America) - ScleropilioScleropilioScleropilio insolens is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Roewer, 1911 (1 species; central Asia) - Phalangiinae Latreille, 1802
- AcanthomegabunusAcanthomegabunusAcanthomegabunus sibiricus is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Tsurusaki, Tchemeris & Logunov, 2000 (1 species; Siberia) - BactrophalangiumBactrophalangiumBactrophalangium is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Bactrophalangium ghissaricum * Bactrophalangium jakesi Silhavý, 1966...
Silhavý, 1966 (2 species) - BunochelisBunochelisBunochelis is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Bunochelis canariana * Bunochelis spinifera...
Roewer, 1923 (2 species; Canary Islands) - CoptophalangiumCoptophalangiumCoptophalangium buniger is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Starega, 1984 (1 species) - CristinaCristina (harvestman)Cristina is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Cristina adenius * Cristina bispinifrons Roewer, 1916* Cristina crassipes Loman, 1902* Cristina lettowi...
Loman, 1902 (13 species; Africa) - DacnopilioDacnopilioDacnopilio is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Dacnopilio armatus Roewer, 1911* Dacnopilio kraepelini * Dacnopilio quadridentatus Lawrence, 1965* Dacnopilio scopulatus Lawrence, 1963...
Roewer, 1911 (4 species; Africa) - DasylobusDasylobusDasylobus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Dasylobus amseli * Dasylobus arcadius * Dasylobus argentatus * Dasylobus beschkovi...
SimonEugène SimonEugène Simon was a French arachnologist. His many taxonomic contributions include categorizing and naming many spiders, as well as creating genera such as Anelosimus, Psellocoptus and Phlogius....
, 1878 (19 species; southern Europe, northern Africa) - GraecophalangiumGraecophalangiumGraecophalangium is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Graecophalangium atticum Roewer, 1923* Graecophalangium cretaeum Martens, 1966* Graecophalangium drenskii P. Mitvov, 1995...
Roewer, 1923 (5 species; Greece, Macedonia) - GuruiaGuruiaGuruia is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Guruia africana * Guruia longipes Roewer, 1911* Guruia quadrispina Roewer, 1911* Guruia talboti Roewer, 1911* Guruia ultima Caporiacco, 1949...
Loman, 1902 (5 species; Africa) - HindreusHindreusHindreus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Hindreus crucifer H. Kauri, 1985* Hindreus elegans H. Kauri, 1985* Hindreus leleupi...
Kauri, 1985 (3 species; Africa) - LeptobunusLeptobunusLeptobunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Leptobunus aureus J. C. Cokendolpher, 1984* Leptobunus borealis Banks, 1899* Leptobunus californicus Banks, 1893* Leptobunus pallidus J. C. Cokendolpher, 1984...
Banks, 1893 (5 species; North America) - LiopilioLiopilioLiopilio is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Liopilio glaber Schenkel, 1951* Liopilio yukon J. C. Cokendolpher, 1981...
Schenkel, 1951 (2 species; Alaska) - LiropilioLiropilioLiropilio is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Liropilio przhevalskii N. I. Gritsenko, 1979* Liropilio stukanovi N. I. Gritsenko, 1979...
Gritsenko, 1979 (2 species; Russia, Kazakhstan) - MegistobunusMegistobunusMegistobunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Megistobunus funereus Lawrence, 1962* Megistobunus lamottei * Megistobunus longipes Hansen, 1921...
Hansen, 1921 (3 species) - MetadasylobusMetadasylobusMetadasylobus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Metadasylobus bolei Hadzi, 1973* Metadasylobus echinifrons * Metadasylobus fuscoannulatus * Metadasylobus ibericus...
Roewer, 1911 (8 species; Balkans, Greece, Canary Islands, France, Spain) - MetaphalangiumMetaphalangiumMetaphalangium is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Metaphalangium abruptus * Metaphalangium abstrusus * Metaphalangium albiunilineatum...
Roewer, 1911 (15 species; southern Europe, northern Africa, Asia Minor, Canary Islands) - OdontobunusOdontobunusOdontobunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Odontobunus africanus Roewer, 1910* Odontobunus armatus * Odontobunus elegans * Odontobunus kenianus Roewer, 1957...
Roewer, 1910 (9 species; Africa) - ParascleropilioParascleropilioParascleropilio fernandezi is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Rambla, 1975 (1 species) - PhalangiumPhalangiumPhalangium is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is Phalangium opilio, which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman".-Species:...
LinnaeusCarolus LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
, 1758 (35 species; Africa, Eurasia, Cuba) - RamblinusRamblinusRamblinus spinipalpis is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Starega, 1984 (1 species; Madeira) - RhampsinitusRhampsinitus (genus)Rhampsinitus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Rhampsinitus angulatus Lawrence, 1962* Rhampsinitus ater Roewer, 1912* Rhampsinitus bettoni * Rhampsinitus brevipalpis Lawrence, 1962...
Simon, 1879 (47 species; Africa) - RilaenaRilaenaRilaena is a genus of the harvestman family Phalangiidae.R. triangularis, the most common species, is sometimes considered to be in the genus Paraplatybunus, in the subfamily Platybuninae.-Species:...
Silhavý, 1965 (8 species; Europe) - TchapiniusTchapiniusTchapinius malaisei is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Roewer, 1929 (1 species; Kamchatka) - ZachaeusZachaeusZachaeus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Zachaeus anatolicus * Zachaeus birulae Redikorzev, 1936* Zachaeus crista * Zachaeus hebraicus...
C.L. Koch, 1839 (10 species; southeastern Europe, Asia Minor) - Platybuninae Starega, 1976
- BuresiliaBuresiliaBuresilia is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Buresilia macrina * Buresilia nigerrimus...
Silhavý, 1965 (2 species) - LophopilioLophopilioLophopilio is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Lophopilio ephippiata * Lophopilio palpinalis...
Hadzi, 1931 (2 species) - MegabunusMegabunusMegabunus is a genus of harvestmen with six known recent species. All occur in Europe, mostly in the vicinity of the Alps.In Megabunus, the pedipalps are armed with strong ventral spines, especially on the femur, probably to hold fast to prey....
Meade, 1855 (6 species; Europe) - MetaplatybunusMetaplatybunusMetaplatybunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Metaplatybunus carneluttii Hadzi, 1973* Metaplatybunus creticus Roewer, 1923* Metaplatybunus filipes Roewer, 1956...
Roewer, 1911 (8 species; Greece) - ParaplatybunusParaplatybunusParaplatybunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Paraplatybunus decui Dumitrescu, 1970* Paraplatybunus triangularis...
Dumitrescu, 1970 (2 species) - PlatybunoidesPlatybunoidesPlatybunoides argaea is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Silhavý, 1956 (1 species) - PlatybunusPlatybunusPlatybunus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Platybunus arbuteus Simon, 1879* Platybunus alpinorelictus J...
C.L. Koch, 1839 (22 species; Europe, Sumatra) - RafalskiaRafalskiaRafalskia olympica is a species of harvestmen in a monotypic genus in the family Phalangiidae....
Starega, 1963 (1 species; Asia minor) - StankiellaStankiellaStankiella is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.-Species:* Stankiella montana Hadzi, 1973* Stankiella pretneri Hadzi, 1973...
Hadzi, 1973 (2 species)