Pewsum
Encyclopedia
Pewsum is a village in the municipality of Krummhörn
(Aurich district) in western East Frisia
. Pewsum is both the administrative seat as well as the trade and craft centre for the municipality. The number of inhabitants is 3,352 (as at: 31 December 2006) and the village lies at a height of .
.
Well-known people who resided in Pewsum included the Swedish marshall, Dodo von Knyphausen
, General Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld and the Great Elector.
The castle fell into ruin in the 18th century and was partly demolished and sold. The remaining buildings have since been restored and form part of the East Frisian Open Air Museum (Ostfriesisches Freilichtmuseum).
In 1972 Pewsum lost its independence and became part of the newly founded parish of Krummhörn, albeit retaining the administrative headquarters.
islands, in the municipality of Krummhörn which is otherwise dominated by the Evangelical Reformed Church. Its place of worship is St. Nicholas Church (St. Nikolai-Kirche) dating to the 14th century, which was given a new brick façade during a major renovation in 1862.
The Catholic chapel of St. Hedwig dates to the 1950s. It was built in 1959 on a private plot of land by refugees from the Germany's former eastern territories. The congregation is looked after by the Catholic parish of Emden.
The Pewsum Brethren
have their place of meeting in a former kindergarten, which they have rebuilt into a community centre. Originally they were based at Hamswehrum. The Pewsum Baptists have their centre in Jennelt, but meet in Pewsum as a cell group
.
state roads. These connect Pewsum and other villages in the parish of Krummhörn with Emden and thence the A 31 motorway
.
The Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel Light Railway
used to link Pewsum and Greetsiel to Emden. This metre gauge
line was closed in 1963 and passenger services switched over to bus
es. Today Pewsum is linked by bus with the former county town of Norden and with Emden.
(of the Galerieholländer type) is the Pewsum Mill Museum.
(fifth league) and since then in the sixth-class Bezirksoberliga Weser-Ems.
Krummhörn
Krummhörn is a municipality in the district of Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated near the Ems estuary, approximately 15 km southwest of Norden, and 10 km northwest of Emden....
(Aurich district) in western East Frisia
East Frisia
East Frisia or Eastern Friesland is a coastal region in the northwest of the German federal state of Lower Saxony....
. Pewsum is both the administrative seat as well as the trade and craft centre for the municipality. The number of inhabitants is 3,352 (as at: 31 December 2006) and the village lies at a height of .
History
Pewsum was first mentioned in 945 as the castle of the Manning family of chieftains. From 1565 Pewsum belonged to the CirksenaCirksena
The Cirksena are noble East Frisian family descended from a line of East Frisian chieftains from Greetsiel.- The Cirksena in East Frisia :In 1439 in the wake of clashes between different lines of chieftains, the town of Emden was first placed by Hamburg under direct rule and then, in 1453, finally...
.
Well-known people who resided in Pewsum included the Swedish marshall, Dodo von Knyphausen
Dodo von Knyphausen
Dodo von Knyphausen was a German nobleman from the Duchy of Prussia in the service of Brandenburg-Prussia during the reigns of Electors Frederick William and Frederick III....
, General Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld and the Great Elector.
The castle fell into ruin in the 18th century and was partly demolished and sold. The remaining buildings have since been restored and form part of the East Frisian Open Air Museum (Ostfriesisches Freilichtmuseum).
In 1972 Pewsum lost its independence and became part of the newly founded parish of Krummhörn, albeit retaining the administrative headquarters.
Religion
Pewsum is one of the LutheranLutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the theology of Martin Luther, a German reformer. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the church launched the Protestant Reformation...
islands, in the municipality of Krummhörn which is otherwise dominated by the Evangelical Reformed Church. Its place of worship is St. Nicholas Church (St. Nikolai-Kirche) dating to the 14th century, which was given a new brick façade during a major renovation in 1862.
The Catholic chapel of St. Hedwig dates to the 1950s. It was built in 1959 on a private plot of land by refugees from the Germany's former eastern territories. The congregation is looked after by the Catholic parish of Emden.
The Pewsum Brethren
Plymouth Brethren
The Plymouth Brethren is a conservative, Evangelical Christian movement, whose history can be traced to Dublin, Ireland, in the late 1820s. Although the group is notable for not taking any official "church name" to itself, and not having an official clergy or liturgy, the title "The Brethren," is...
have their place of meeting in a former kindergarten, which they have rebuilt into a community centre. Originally they were based at Hamswehrum. The Pewsum Baptists have their centre in Jennelt, but meet in Pewsum as a cell group
Cell group
The cell group is a form of church organization that is used in some Christian churches. Cell groups are generally intended to teach the Bible and personalize Christian fellowship. They are always used in cell churches, but also occur in parachurch organizations and other interdenominational...
.
Transport
Pewsum is linked by the L 2 and 3Landesstraße
Landesstraßen are roads in Germany and Austria that are, as a rule, the responsibility of the respective German or Austrian federal state. The term may therefore be translated as "state road". They are roads that cross the boundary of a rural or urban district...
state roads. These connect Pewsum and other villages in the parish of Krummhörn with Emden and thence the A 31 motorway
Bundesautobahn 31
is a German Autobahn that connects the coast of the North Sea near Emden to the Ruhr area. It is also known as Emsland-Autobahn or East Frisian Skewer....
.
The Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel Light Railway
Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel Light Railway
The Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel light railway was originally a private railway operated by the district of Emden in East Frisia in North Germany. In 1932 the district was absorbed into the district of Norden....
used to link Pewsum and Greetsiel to Emden. This metre gauge
Metre gauge
Metre gauge refers to narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of . In some African, American and Asian countries it is the main gauge. In Europe it has been used for local railways in France, Germany, and Belgium, most of which were closed down in mid 20th century. Only in Switzerland...
line was closed in 1963 and passenger services switched over to bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
es. Today Pewsum is linked by bus with the former county town of Norden and with Emden.
Places of interest
The Manningaburg was built in 1458 and is the emblem of Pewsum. In a three-storey tower millTower mill
A tower mill is a type of windmill which consists of a brick or stone tower, on top of which sits a roof or cap which can be turned to bring the sails into the wind....
(of the Galerieholländer type) is the Pewsum Mill Museum.
Sport
TuS Pewsum ist the largest sports club in the village. The men's football team played until the end of the 2008/2009 season in the Oberliga Niedersachsen WestOberliga Niedersachsen
The Niedersachsenliga, sometimes referred to as Oberliga Niedersachsen, is the fifth tier of the German football league system and the highest league in the German state of Lower Saxony . Since 1994, the league was split into a western and an eastern group. From 2010, it returned to a...
(fifth league) and since then in the sixth-class Bezirksoberliga Weser-Ems.
Personalities
- Pewsum was the seat of the Manninga chieftains from around 1400. The last male descendent of this line, Hoyko Manninga, resided at the Manningaburg, and sold the castle in 1565 to Count Edzard II of East Frisia and his wife, Katharina of SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
. - Hermine Heusler-Edenhuizen (1872 - 1955) was born in Pewsum. She was the first registered, female doctor in Germany.
Sources
- Lampe, Regine (1989). Das Burgmuseum in Pewsum (Ostfriesischer Kunstführer, Heft 13). Aurich.