Peire Guillem de Tolosa
Encyclopedia
Peire Guillem de Tolosa was a 13th-century troubadour
from Toulouse
. Only one sirventes
he wrote ("En Sordel, que us es semblan"), a tenso
with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello
, survives.
According to his vida
he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the vida also expresses admiration for his couplet
s but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also said to have composed sirventes joglarescs, or sirventes in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise "the barons" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère
Theobald I of Navarre
.
The troubadour Bertran Carbonel
twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a planh
, where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre. Perhaps Pey Guillem, Pey being a hypocoristic form of Peire, is intended. In another case Bertran directs a sirventes
of admonition against a troubadour identified only by his initials: .P. / ponchat et enapres un .G..
According to his vida he entered the "Order of Spaza", probably the "Order of the Sword", meaning either the Order of Santiago
or the Order of the Faith and Peace
.
Troubadour
A troubadour was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages . Since the word "troubadour" is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a trobairitz....
from Toulouse
Toulouse
Toulouse is a city in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern FranceIt lies on the banks of the River Garonne, 590 km away from Paris and half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea...
. Only one sirventes
Sirventes
The sirventes or serventes is a genre of Occitan lyric poetry used by the troubadours. In early Catalan it became a sirventesch and was imported into that language in the fourteenth century, where it developed into a unique didactic/moralistic type...
he wrote ("En Sordel, que us es semblan"), a tenso
Tenso
A tenso is a style of Occitan song favoured by the troubadours. It takes the form of a debate in which each voice defends a position on a topic relating to love or ethics. Closely related genres include the partimen and the cobla exchange...
with the contemporary Italian poet Sordello
Sordello
Sordello da Goito or Sordel de Goit was a 13th-century Lombard troubadour, born in the municipality of Goito in the province of Mantua...
, survives.
According to his vida
Vida (Occitan literary form)
Vida is the usual term for a brief prose biography, written in Old Occitan, of a troubadour or trobairitz.The word vida means "life" in Occitan languages. In the chansonniers, the manuscript collections of medieval troubadour poetry, the works of a particular author are often accompanied by a...
he was a courtly man who loved high society. The author of the vida also expresses admiration for his couplet
Couplet
A couplet is a pair of lines of meter in poetry. It usually consists of two lines that rhyme and have the same meter.While traditionally couplets rhyme, not all do. A poem may use white space to mark out couplets if they do not rhyme. Couplets with a meter of iambic pentameter are called heroic...
s but bewails the excessive number he composed, though so few of his works survive to this day. He was also said to have composed sirventes joglarescs, or sirventes in the manner of joglars, in order to criticise "the barons" (presumably the high noblesse). He also wrote a work criticising the prolific trouvère
Trouvère
Trouvère , sometimes spelled trouveur , is the Northern French form of the word trobador . It refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced by the troubadours but who composed their works in the northern dialects of France...
Theobald I of Navarre
Theobald I of Navarre
Theobald I , called the Troubadour, the Chansonnier, and the Posthumous, was Count of Champagne from birth and King of Navarre from 1234...
.
The troubadour Bertran Carbonel
Bertran Carbonel
Bertran Carbonel was a Provençal troubadour from Marseille. He is a polarising figure among scholars and his reputation varies between authorities. Eighteen of his lyric works survive, as well as seventy-two or ninety-four single coblas triadas esparsas on "edifying" themes...
twice mentions another troubadour by the initials P.G., possibly indicating Peire Guilhem. He mourns a certain P.G. in a planh
Planh
The planh or plaing is a funeral lament used by the troubadours, modeled on the medieval Latin planctus. It differed from the planctus in that it was intended for a secular audience...
, where the initials probably stand in the manuscript for a full name, since three syllables would be required by the metre. Perhaps Pey Guillem, Pey being a hypocoristic form of Peire, is intended. In another case Bertran directs a sirventes
Sirventes
The sirventes or serventes is a genre of Occitan lyric poetry used by the troubadours. In early Catalan it became a sirventesch and was imported into that language in the fourteenth century, where it developed into a unique didactic/moralistic type...
of admonition against a troubadour identified only by his initials: .P. / ponchat et enapres un .G..
According to his vida he entered the "Order of Spaza", probably the "Order of the Sword", meaning either the Order of Santiago
Order of Santiago
The Order of Santiago was founded in the 12th century, and owes its name to the national patron of Galicia and Spain, Santiago , under whose banner the Christians of Galicia and Asturias began in the 9th century to combat and drive back the Muslims of the Iberian Peninsula.-History:Santiago de...
or the Order of the Faith and Peace
Order of the Faith and Peace
The Order of the Faith and Peace or Order of the Sword was a military order in Gascony in the mid-13th century.The order was first mentioned by Pope Gregory IX in 1231 in a letter to magistro militiae ordinis sancti Jacobi ejusque fratribus tam presentibus quam futuris ad defensionem fidei et pacis...
.