Oranjewoud
Encyclopedia
Oranjewoud is a small village in Heerenveen
in the province Friesland
of the Netherlands
and has around the 1062 citizens (2006). It is known for Oranjewoud Palace. The village had one museum called Belvédère.
or summer residence. She was a Princess of Orange
, and a widow of the Frisian Stadtholder
Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz
.
After her death, her daughter Princess Henriëtte Amalia of Anhalt-Dessau owned the place. Her architect
Daniel Marot
, known for Het Loo Palace, designed a new palace. After that, two wings were built, but the central building was never built.
After her death, John William Friso, Prince of Orange lived in the palace. But he died very early, and his wife, Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel
stayed at Oranjewoud
. Until 1747 the palace was often visited by the stadhouders. In that time William IV, Prince of Orange
lived in oranjewoud
. But William V, Prince of Orange
also visited the palace one last time in 1777.
Beside Oranjewoud Palace the royal family had another residence called Carolineburg. This was a small castle
. Probably it was named after Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, who lived there. In 1774 it was demolished.
During the French Revolution
the palace was demoslished and the estate was sold to the Frisian nobility
.
One of them was Hans Willem de Blocq van Scheltinga. In 1834 he built a new buitenplaats
on the previously royal estate called Oranjewoud, after Oranjewoud Palace. This new buitenplaats was not longer owned by the royal family, but was still occasionally visited by member of the royal familiy. King William I of the Netherlands, King William III of the Netherlands and Queen Juliana of the Netherlands all stayed at Oranjewoud.
But Prince Henry of the Netherlands, Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and Prince Claus of the Netherlands visited the buitenplaats as well. Today, the buitenplaats
is owned by the Friesland Bank
.
Another buitenplaats in oranjewoud is called Oranjestein. This one was the former home of the royal steward. The millionaire Pieter Cats bought it and expanded it. Some other existing estates in Oranjewoud are: Klein Jagtlust, Oranjehoeve, Princenhof and Klemburg. Destroyed estates are: Ontwijk, Brouwershave, Veenzigt and Paauwenburg.
, Thijs Rinsema, Tames Oud, Gerrit Benner, Boele Bregman, William Althuis and Sjoerd de Vries.
Heerenveen
Heerenveen is a town in the Heerenveen municipality of the province of Friesland , in the north of the Netherlands.- History :The town was established in 1551 by three lords as a location for the purpose of digging peat which was used for fuel, hence the name...
in the province Friesland
Friesland
Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân...
of the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
and has around the 1062 citizens (2006). It is known for Oranjewoud Palace. The village had one museum called Belvédère.
History
The village is known for Oranjewoud Palace. It was built for the royal family. In 1676 Countess Albertine Agnes of Nassau bought a country seat in the woods as a buitenplaatsBuitenplaats
A buitenplaats was a summer residence for rich townspeople in the Netherlands. During the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, many traders and city administrators in Dutch towns became very wealthy...
or summer residence. She was a Princess of Orange
Principality of Orange
The Principality of Orange was a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the left bank of the River Rhone north of the city of Avignon....
, and a widow of the Frisian Stadtholder
Stadtholder
A Stadtholder A Stadtholder A Stadtholder (Dutch: stadhouder [], "steward" or "lieutenant", literally place holder, holding someones place, possibly a calque of German Statthalter, French lieutenant, or Middle Latin locum tenens...
Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz
Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz
Willem Frederik , Count of Nassau-Dietz, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe.-Family Life:...
.
After her death, her daughter Princess Henriëtte Amalia of Anhalt-Dessau owned the place. Her architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
Daniel Marot
Daniel Marot
Daniel Marot was a French Protestant, an architect, furniture designer and engraver at the forefront of the classicizing Late Baroque "Louis XIV" style....
, known for Het Loo Palace, designed a new palace. After that, two wings were built, but the central building was never built.
After her death, John William Friso, Prince of Orange lived in the palace. But he died very early, and his wife, Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel was a daughter of Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Maria Amalia of Courland....
stayed at Oranjewoud
Oranjewoud
Oranjewoud is a small village in Heerenveen in the province Friesland of the Netherlands and has around the 1062 citizens . It is known for Oranjewoud Palace. The village had one museum called Belvédère.-History:...
. Until 1747 the palace was often visited by the stadhouders. In that time William IV, Prince of Orange
William IV, Prince of Orange
William IV, Prince of Orange-Nassau , born Willem Karel Hendrik Friso, was the first hereditary stadtholder of the Netherlands.-Early life:...
lived in oranjewoud
Oranjewoud
Oranjewoud is a small village in Heerenveen in the province Friesland of the Netherlands and has around the 1062 citizens . It is known for Oranjewoud Palace. The village had one museum called Belvédère.-History:...
. But William V, Prince of Orange
William V, Prince of Orange
William V , Prince of Orange-Nassau was the last Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, and between 1795 and 1806 he led the Government of the Dutch Republic in Exile in London. He was succeeded by his son William I...
also visited the palace one last time in 1777.
Beside Oranjewoud Palace the royal family had another residence called Carolineburg. This was a small castle
Castle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages by European nobility. Scholars debate the scope of the word castle, but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble...
. Probably it was named after Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, who lived there. In 1774 it was demolished.
During the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
the palace was demoslished and the estate was sold to the Frisian nobility
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
.
One of them was Hans Willem de Blocq van Scheltinga. In 1834 he built a new buitenplaats
Buitenplaats
A buitenplaats was a summer residence for rich townspeople in the Netherlands. During the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, many traders and city administrators in Dutch towns became very wealthy...
on the previously royal estate called Oranjewoud, after Oranjewoud Palace. This new buitenplaats was not longer owned by the royal family, but was still occasionally visited by member of the royal familiy. King William I of the Netherlands, King William III of the Netherlands and Queen Juliana of the Netherlands all stayed at Oranjewoud.
But Prince Henry of the Netherlands, Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld , later Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, was prince consort of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands and father of six children, including the current monarch Queen Beatrix....
, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and Prince Claus of the Netherlands visited the buitenplaats as well. Today, the buitenplaats
Buitenplaats
A buitenplaats was a summer residence for rich townspeople in the Netherlands. During the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, many traders and city administrators in Dutch towns became very wealthy...
is owned by the Friesland Bank
Friesland Bank
Friesland Bank is a Dutch retail bank specifically focusing on the northern provinces of the Netherlands: Friesland, Groningen, Drenthe, Overijssel and Noord-Holland.- History :...
.
Another buitenplaats in oranjewoud is called Oranjestein. This one was the former home of the royal steward. The millionaire Pieter Cats bought it and expanded it. Some other existing estates in Oranjewoud are: Klein Jagtlust, Oranjehoeve, Princenhof and Klemburg. Destroyed estates are: Ontwijk, Brouwershave, Veenzigt and Paauwenburg.
Overtuin
In 1953 the estate was sold in two parts by the family De Blocq van Scheltinga. One part, was bought by the government. The Park was designed in French Baroque style. Now the park is owned by the government and is free to the public. Literally Overtuin means 'the garden in front of'.Museum Belvédère
The museum is a museum of contemporary and modern art. The museum was opened on November 24, 2004 by Queen Beatrix. The building was designed by Eerde Schippers. It is 104 meters long and 13 meters wide. he building was the winner of the contest BNA Building of the Year 2006. The museum is named after the Belvedere in the Park area Oranjewoud. The collection consists mainly of works by Frisian artists, like Jan MankesJan Mankes
Jan Mankes was a Dutch painter. He produced around 200 paintings, 100 drawings and 50 prints before dying of TB at the age of 30. His restrained, detailed work ranged from self portraits to landscapes and studies of birds and animals...
, Thijs Rinsema, Tames Oud, Gerrit Benner, Boele Bregman, William Althuis and Sjoerd de Vries.
Population
| 1954 | 1959 | 1964 | 1969 | 1973 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 569 | 541 | 595 | 926 | 862 | 1062 | 1062 | 1041 | 1043 | 1045 | 1042 |