Older Americans Act - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

*Older Americans Act of 1965*
Long title:	To provide assistance in the development of new or improved programs to help older persons through grants to the States for community planning and services and for training, through research, development, or training project grants, and to establish within the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare an operating agency to be designated as the ‘‘Administration on Aging’’.

The Older Americans Act of 1965 was the first federal level initiative aimed at providing comprehensive services for older adults. It created the National Aging Network comprising the Administration on Aging

Administration on Aging

The Administration on Aging is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. AoA awards annual grants to State government agencies on aging and Native American tribal organizations to support programs mandated by the Congress in the Older Americans Act...

on the federal level, State Units on Aging, and Area Agencies on Aging at the local level. The network provides funding - based primarily on the percentage of an area's population 60 and older - for nutrition and supportive home and community-based services, disease prevention/health promotion services, elder rights programs, the National Family Caregiver Support Program, and the Native American Caregiver Support Program.

In 2006 congress reauthorized the act in its entirety, effective through FY 2011.

Overview

The OAA was passed as a part of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society

Great Society

The Great Society was a set of domestic programs in the United States promoted by President Lyndon B. Johnson and fellow Democrats in Congress in the 1960s. Two main goals of the Great Society social reforms were the elimination of poverty and racial injustice...

reforms. It followed closely behind the Civil Rights Act

Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed major forms of discrimination against African Americans and women, including racial segregation...

and the Economic Opportunity Act which included many similarly structured programs, based around a centralized network of funding for a decentralized (community level) service delivery system. The OAA was a response to Congressional concerns about the lack of community social services for senior citizens.

Funding for many Great Society programs as well as Johnson’s political capital, dwindled during the Vietnam War

Vietnam War

The Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...

. Some programs and agencies were dismantled by later administrations, such as Nixon’s and Ford’s slow dissolution of the Office of Economic Opportunity. Other programs, such as those under the OAA, Medicare, Medicaid, and initiatives in the arts and humanities continue to survive.

The stated purpose of the OAA is to ensure equal opportunity to the fair and free enjoyment of: adequate income in retirement; the best possible physical and mental health services without regard to economic status; suitable housing; restorative and long term care; opportunity for employment; retirement in health, honor, and dignity; civic, cultural, educational and recreational participation and contribution; efficient community services; immediate benefit from proven research knowledge; freedom, independence, and the exercise of self determination; and protection against abuse neglect and exploitation.

Structure

The act is divided into seven titles.

Title I is a declaration of objectives.
Title II establishes the Administration on Aging
Administration on Aging
The Administration on Aging is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. AoA awards annual grants to State government agencies on aging and Native American tribal organizations to support programs mandated by the Congress in the Older Americans Act...

to carry out the provisions of the act.
Title III provides federal funding for state agencies on aging. This title also mandates the creation of corresponding state agencies before states may be eligible for this funding.
Title IV creates a number of specific projects related to the objectives of the act. These include healthcare service in rural areas, computer training, civic engagement, and Native American
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...

programs.
Title V establishes a program for engaging low-income senior citizens in community service employment and volunteer opportunities.
Title VI establishes grants for certain Native American-focused programs on aging.
Title VII creates state grants for "vulnerable elder rights protection" programs.

Demographics

No one over age 60 can be denied services from OAA programs and in FY 2008 these initiatives provided services to nearly 3 million people, and for FY 2011 the federal appropriation for all programs is $1.9 billion. A disproportionate amount of seniors receiving services (27%) are below the poverty line (compared to 9.7% of the general population over age 60). Recipients of services under OAA are more likely to be female (71% vs. 57% of persons over 60). African Americans are over represented among OAA recipients and all other minorities are under represented. Recipients are also almost twice as likely to be rural, more likely to live alone, and on average have less income, less education, and are less healthy than those persons in the general population aged 60 and over.

Programs created

Administration on Aging (AoA) established under the Department of Health and Human Services as the federal level advocate for the aging population, and coordinator for service delivery to the elderly
National Eldercare Locator Service a toll free hotline for identifying community resources
Support Services to promote independence with regard to transportation, home care, legal aid, case management, and adult day care,
Nutrition Programs including congregate and home delivered meals
National Family Caregiver Support Program to provide respite services, education, training, and counseling to seniors providing kinship care, and to the caregivers of seniors
Health Promotion providing educational services, counseling and consultation
Aging and Disability Resource Centers to facilitate the dissemination of information on available resources
The Community Service Senior Opportunities Act (OAA Title V) which works with the Department of Labor to provide employment opportunities for seniors
Grants to Tribal Organizations
The Long-term Care Ombudsman Program
Elder Abuse, neglect, and exploitation public education services

External links

Full text of the act
Historical Evolution of Program for Older Americans
Transcript of House of Representatives committee hearings on the 2000 re-authorization of the act
State Unit on Aging/Area Agency on Aging Finder
Administration on Aging
National Association of State Units on Aging

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

Overview

Structure

Demographics

Programs created

See also

External links