Nils Landmark
Encyclopedia
Nils L. Landmark was a Norwegian jurist, farmer and politician.
to Nils Svensson and Karen Andersdatter Killerud. Contrary to some sources, he was not born with the name Landmark, but took the name as a grown-up. He had lost his father at the age of seven, and was raised by district stipendiary magistrate (sorenskriver) Jens Stub
. Stub would later be a founding father of the Norwegian Constitution in 1814.
In 1801 he married Barbra Henriette Rantzau Heiberg. She died in 1828. In December 1835 Nils Landmark took his second wife Christiane Wilhelmine Lange. She was a sister of politicians Hans Nicolai
, Otto Vincent
and Ulrik Frederik Lange
, sister-in-law of Even Hanssen and aunt of Johan Jørgen Lange Hanssen
.
In total, Nils Landmark was the father of fifteen children. One of his sons from the first marriage, Johan Widing Heiberg Landmark
, became a jurist and politician. Others became physicians or priests, and several of the grandchildren became authors. From the second marriage he had the sons Johan Theodor, agrarian leader, and Even Anton Thomas, jurist and zoologist.
In addition, he was the younger brother of Andreas Landmark
and uncle of Jens Landmark
.
to study. He graduated as cand.jur. in 1797, and was hired as an attorney at the magistrate office. In 1808 Landmark was promoted to district stipendiary magistrate of Sunnfjord
. He settled at the farm Tysse in Fjaler
in 1809.
Under Landmark's household, the farm Tysse was expanded and improved into a so-called model farm
. He was one of the first people in the district to commence organized forest planting; especially fraxinus excelsior, ulmus glabra, salix og acer platanoides. Besides this he specialized in fruit trees. He founded the organization Det Holmedalske Sogneselskab, one of the earlier agricultural organizations in the district, and served as chairman for many years.
In 1821 he was elected to the Norwegian Parliament, representing the constituency of Nordre Bergenhus Amt
. His older brother Andreas Landmark, who was a bailiff in Romsdals Amt
, served during the same period.
Nils Landmark retired from the position as district stipendiary magistrate in 1852. He died in 1859 in Fjaler.
Personal life
He was born in ChristianiaOslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
to Nils Svensson and Karen Andersdatter Killerud. Contrary to some sources, he was not born with the name Landmark, but took the name as a grown-up. He had lost his father at the age of seven, and was raised by district stipendiary magistrate (sorenskriver) Jens Stub
Jens Stub
Jens Stub was a Norwegian priest and politician.He was the son of district stipendiary magistrate Johan Daniel Stub and grandson of Lauritz Stub , both of whom served as judges in Bergen. He grew up in Eid in the county of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway...
. Stub would later be a founding father of the Norwegian Constitution in 1814.
In 1801 he married Barbra Henriette Rantzau Heiberg. She died in 1828. In December 1835 Nils Landmark took his second wife Christiane Wilhelmine Lange. She was a sister of politicians Hans Nicolai
Hans Nicolai Lange
Hans Nicolai Lange was a Norwegian priest and politician.Born in Jevnaker to Johan Jørgen Lange and Dorothea Helena Larsen, he was the older brother of politicians Otto Vincent and Ulrik Frederik Lange, brother-in-law of Nils Landmark and Even Hanssen and uncle of Johan Jørgen Lange Hanssen.In...
, Otto Vincent
Otto Vincent Lange
Otto Vincent Lange was a Norwegian politician.Lange was born in Jevnaker, but moved to Arendal. He worked as a school teacher, and helped found the local library and museum in 1832. In 1833 he was elected to the Norwegian Parliament for the first time. He then changed his civil job to that of...
and Ulrik Frederik Lange
Ulrik Frederik Lange
Ulrik Frederik Lange was a Norwegian politician.He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1842 and 1845, while working as a headmaster in Tromsøe. He was then elected three more times, in 1854, 1857 and 1859, from the constituency Lillehammer og Hamar. He worked as a school principal there...
, sister-in-law of Even Hanssen and aunt of Johan Jørgen Lange Hanssen
Johan Jørgen Lange Hanssen
-Personal life:He was born in 1821 in Christiania as the son of jurist and politician Even Hanssen and his wife Barbara Abigael Lange. He had a younger brother Peter Nicolai Freberg Hansen who became a jurist like his father....
.
In total, Nils Landmark was the father of fifteen children. One of his sons from the first marriage, Johan Widing Heiberg Landmark
Johan Widing Heiberg Landmark
-Personal life:He was born in Gloppen to Nils Landmark and Barbra Henriette Rantzau Heiberg. His uncle Andreas Landmark was notable as a politician, and his grandfather had migrated to Norway from Sweden....
, became a jurist and politician. Others became physicians or priests, and several of the grandchildren became authors. From the second marriage he had the sons Johan Theodor, agrarian leader, and Even Anton Thomas, jurist and zoologist.
In addition, he was the younger brother of Andreas Landmark
Andreas Landmark
-Personal life:He was born in Christiania to Nils Svensson and Karen Andersdatter Killerud. His brother was Nils Landmark. Contrary to some sources, he was not born with the name Landmark, but some of the children took the name as grown-ups....
and uncle of Jens Landmark
Jens Landmark
Jens Landmark was a Norwegian military officer and politician. He reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, was the director of Kongsberg Weapons Factory from 1854 to 1880, invented the Landmark conversion and served both as mayor as well as three periods in the Norwegian Parliament.-Personal...
.
Career
Landmark first earned his living by helping out at the magistrate office of Jens Stub. With Stub's help, Nils Landmark moved to CopenhagenCopenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
to study. He graduated as cand.jur. in 1797, and was hired as an attorney at the magistrate office. In 1808 Landmark was promoted to district stipendiary magistrate of Sunnfjord
Sunnfjord
Sunnfjord is a traditional district in Western Norway located in Sogn og Fjordane county. It includes the municipalities of Askvoll, Fjaler, Flora, Førde, Gaular, Jølster, Naustdal, and the southernmost parts of Bremanger...
. He settled at the farm Tysse in Fjaler
Fjaler
Fjaler is a municipality in the county of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnfjord. The administrative centre is the village of Dale. Other places in Fjaler include Flekke and Espedal....
in 1809.
Under Landmark's household, the farm Tysse was expanded and improved into a so-called model farm
Model Farm
A model farm was an 18th–19th century experimental farm, which researched and demonstrated improvements in agricultural techniques, efficiency, and building layout. Education and commitment to improving welfare standards of workers were also aspects of the ideal farm movement...
. He was one of the first people in the district to commence organized forest planting; especially fraxinus excelsior, ulmus glabra, salix og acer platanoides. Besides this he specialized in fruit trees. He founded the organization Det Holmedalske Sogneselskab, one of the earlier agricultural organizations in the district, and served as chairman for many years.
In 1821 he was elected to the Norwegian Parliament, representing the constituency of Nordre Bergenhus Amt
Sogn og Fjordane
is a county in Norway, bordering Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, Buskerud, and Hordaland. The county administration is in the town of Hermansverk in Leikanger municipality while the largest town is Førde....
. His older brother Andreas Landmark, who was a bailiff in Romsdals Amt
Møre og Romsdal
is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Sør-Trøndelag, Oppland and Sogn og Fjordane. The county administration is located in Molde, while Ålesund is the largest city.-The name:...
, served during the same period.
Nils Landmark retired from the position as district stipendiary magistrate in 1852. He died in 1859 in Fjaler.