Natukhai people
Encyclopedia
Natukhai are a people of the Adyghe
branch, whom are the original dwellers of the far north west of historical Circassia
, and their areas historically extended from Anapa
in the North to Tsemez
in the south, currently Novorossiysk
in the Russian Federation.
The Natukhai tribe consisted of 10 aristocratic
families and 44 free clans and classified as an Adyghe Democratic tribe.
The Natukhai were considered the most active from the Adyghe nation in trading with the Ottoman Empire
and the Crimean Khanates
; which afforded for them better life than the other Adyghe tribes.
In late 1860, a Majlis
was assembled, which would unite the Shapsugs
, Ubykhs
, and Natuqais and considered Sochi
the last capital of the Circassians resistance.
In 1864, a major part of the Natukhai were massacred and the remaining enforced to leave Circassia
like the other Adyghe tribes to the Ottoman Empire
due to the Russian army occupation of (Circassia), beside the regular tsars policy during the era of the Russian Empire
to cleanse the Circassian coast
from Circassians (mainly physically then by expelling the remaining to the Ottoman Empire
.
Currently, Natukhai families live in diaspora and were assimilated in other Adyghe tribes, and to be precise the Shapsugs
due to the close relations with the Shapsugs, in the Caucasus a few can be found in the Republic of Adyghea (mainly in District of Takhtamukaysky
in the village of Natukhai () and District of Teuchezksky
).
Adyghe people
The Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most...
branch, whom are the original dwellers of the far north west of historical Circassia
Circassia
Circassia was an independent mountainous country located in the Caucasus region of Eurasia and was the largest and most important country in the Caucasus. Circassia was located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea...
, and their areas historically extended from Anapa
Anapa
Anapa is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov. It was originally a seaport for the Natkhuay tribe of the Adyghe people. Population: The town boasts a number of sanatoria and hotels...
in the North to Tsemez
Tsemes Bay
The Tsemes Bay is an ice-free bay located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, in Krasnodar Krai of Russia. It takes its name from the Tsemes River which flows into the bay. The depth of the sea varies from 21 to 27 meters...
in the south, currently Novorossiysk
Novorossiysk
Novorossiysk is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. It is the country's main port on the Black Sea and the leading Russian port for importing grain. It is one of the few cities honored with the title of the Hero City. Population: -History:...
in the Russian Federation.
The Natukhai tribe consisted of 10 aristocratic
Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy are people considered to be in the highest social class in a society which has or once had a political system of Aristocracy. Aristocrats possess hereditary titles granted by a monarch, which once granted them feudal or legal privileges, or deriving, as in Ancient Greece and India,...
families and 44 free clans and classified as an Adyghe Democratic tribe.
The Natukhai were considered the most active from the Adyghe nation in trading with the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
and the Crimean Khanates
Crimean Khanate
Crimean Khanate, or Khanate of Crimea , was a state ruled by Crimean Tatars from 1441 to 1783. Its native name was . Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür, the thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan...
; which afforded for them better life than the other Adyghe tribes.
In late 1860, a Majlis
Circassians Majlis
Circassians Majlis : Was a political and resistant unity which took place in 1860 after a meeting in -currently Sochi in Russia- between the leaders of three coastal Adyghe Tribes the Circassians Majlis : Was a political and resistant unity which took place in 1860 after a meeting in -currently...
was assembled, which would unite the Shapsugs
Shapsugs
Shapsugs are a people/tribe of the Adyghe branch, who are currently living in Tuapsinsky District of Krasnodar Krai, Lazarevsky City District of Sochi, and in the Republic of Adygea in Russia...
, Ubykhs
Ubykh people
The Ubykh are a group who spoke the Northwest Caucasian Ubykh language, until other local languages displaced it and its last speaker died in 1992....
, and Natuqais and considered Sochi
Sochi
Sochi is a city in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated just north of Russia's border with the de facto independent republic of Abkhazia, on the Black Sea coast. Greater Sochi sprawls for along the shores of the Black Sea near the Caucasus Mountains...
the last capital of the Circassians resistance.
In 1864, a major part of the Natukhai were massacred and the remaining enforced to leave Circassia
Circassia
Circassia was an independent mountainous country located in the Caucasus region of Eurasia and was the largest and most important country in the Caucasus. Circassia was located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea...
like the other Adyghe tribes to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
due to the Russian army occupation of (Circassia), beside the regular tsars policy during the era of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
to cleanse the Circassian coast
Circassian Coast
Circassian Coast ; was the coast of historical Circassia on the Black Sea before 1864 , extending from Anapa in the North to Adler in the south, and including cities like Tuapse and Sochi....
from Circassians (mainly physically then by expelling the remaining to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
.
Currently, Natukhai families live in diaspora and were assimilated in other Adyghe tribes, and to be precise the Shapsugs
Shapsugs
Shapsugs are a people/tribe of the Adyghe branch, who are currently living in Tuapsinsky District of Krasnodar Krai, Lazarevsky City District of Sochi, and in the Republic of Adygea in Russia...
due to the close relations with the Shapsugs, in the Caucasus a few can be found in the Republic of Adyghea (mainly in District of Takhtamukaysky
Takhtamukaysky District
Takhtamukaysky District is an administrative and a municipal district, one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russia. It is located in the westernmost portion of the republic and borders with Krasnoarmeysky District of Krasnodar Krai and with the territory of the city of Krasnodar in the...
in the village of Natukhai () and District of Teuchezksky
Teuchezhsky District
Teuchezhsky District is an administrative and a municipal district , one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russia. It is located in the western portion of the republic and borders with the territory of the city of Krasnodar of Krasnodar Krai, Krasnodar Reservoir, and Krasnogvardeysky...
).