Nadiad
Encyclopedia
Nadiad is a city and an administrative center of the Kheda district
Kheda district
Kheda district is one of the 26 districts of Gujarat state in western India. Kheda city is the administrative headquarters of the district.-History:...

 in the India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

n state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...

 of Gujarat.

The city is famous for its socio-educational-religious humanitarian services led by Santram Mandir
Santram Mandir
Santram Mandir is a famous temple situated in Nadiad, Gujarat, India. It is home to Santram Maharaj who is a holy figure in Gujarat. It is very famous for other social activities for the needy too. The Santram mandir trust runs a physiotherapy centre, an eye clinic as well as various other...

 and supported by institutions of higher learning such as Dharamsinh Desai University, Muljibhai Patel Patel Urological Hospital (www.mpuh.org) - popularly known as Kidney Hospital offers 3-year DNB Super Specialty Courses; Muljibhai Patel Society for Research in Nephro-Urology; Jayaramdas Patel Academic Centre (JPAC); Mission Heart Institute, Mahagujarat Hosptial and Heart Center, and the Civil Hospital.

Like Amul has become synonymous with Anand town, the Nadiad Kidney hospital has become synonymous with Nadiad. MPUH and JPAC are frequented by visitors from all over the world. The Vaniavad junction, which comes under the historic national 'Dandi March heritage Corridor', has been aptly named as the 'KIDNEY CIRCLE'.

An extraordinary example of the socio-religious humanitarian service was the Santram Nagar, (Navaguam) Kutch project. After the devastating 2001 Gujarat earthquake, Santram Mandir; in partnership with Gujarat Government; built the brand new town in less than a year to resettle thousands of people affected by the calamity.

History of Establishment

The city of Nadiad is said to have been settled by rope dancers, hence the historical name of "Natapadra" (outskirts of/for nata-s) or "Natpur" (city for nata-s). It is also referred to as 'Nandgam'. The city has nine routes, and on each route there is a step well. The city is also well known for the number 9: there are 9 villages or towns located to all the 9 roads that exit from Nadiad; 9 step wells around the city; and 9 lakes in the city. Nadiad was also known as 'Shakshar Bhumi' - The land of educated.

It is home to many great poets and authors like Jhaverchand Meghani, Ambalal Purani, and Mahadevbhai Desai. The city was formerly ruled by Muslims, and later on by the Gayakwad of Baroda. Malhar Rao Gayakwad built the first Hindu temple called Narayan Dev Mandir located in the center of the city.

The Patidars are the main residents of city. They are separated into 5 groups: Chatiyawad, Kochatvago,Desai Vago, Kakarkhad, Lakhawad, and Pij Bhagor. The Kochatvago population is diminished very few of their heirs are living in Bapu ni Khadki. The Patidar of Samdi Chakla are from Lakhawad pati. The resident of Manordas ni Khadki are the heirs of Kakarkhad. The Patidars of Desai Vago were the descendants of Kheta Patel. Vaghjibhai Samaldas Desai constructed a pond named Kheta Talav in 1798. In 1800, he was honored by Gaekwad and given the title "Desai". Haridas Viharidas Desai
Haridas Viharidas Desai
Haridas Viharidas Desai thumb|right|200px|Nawab Bahadur Khanji III of [[Junagadh]] with Diwan Haridas Viharidas Desai and other State officials...

 and Bechardas Viharidas Desai were the Diwans of Junagadh
Junagadh
Junagadh is the headquarters of Junagadh district in the Indian state of Gujarat. The city is the 7th largest in Gujarat. The city is located at the foot of the Girnar hills, 355 km south west of state capital Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad. The city is in western India. Literally translated,...

. They lived at Nadiad ni haveli
Nadiad ni haveli
Nadiad ni haveli is also called Bhausaheb Desai ni Haveli was built in Nadiad, Gujarat. Construction for the house started in 1783 and it had 249 rooms and is an architectural wonder with wooden carvings, rain water harvesting, dozens of courtyards and balconies covered with bronze sheets.Tatya...

 which has 249 rooms and was constructed in 1783. They are distinguished as Bhao Shaeb (respected brother in Maharastra). Dharamsinh Desai was a member of the Indian Parliament and a well-known industrialist. He established many heavy and light industries and was a major contributor to the Dharamsinh Desai University in Nadiad. Dr. Narendra Dharmsinh Desai followed in his father's footsteps and established an electronic industry as well as the Dharamsinh Agricultural and Industrial Research Foundation.

The eminent Desai from the Bapuji Desai's khadki were Tulsidas, his son Vithalbhai, grandsons Dr. Virendra. Tulsidas Desai was the first barrister in the Kheda district. Vithalbhai was the Subordinate Civil Judge. Dr. Virendra Desai established the Muljibhai Urological Hospital and the Research Institute of Kidney Diseases, for which Jayrambhai Muljibhai Patel (Chairman of Rohit Paper and Pulp Millis) of Kakarkhad donated generously. Maganbhai Prabhudas was the Vice Chancellor of Gujarat University. C. C. Desai and his brother, Manubhai Desai, form Sojitrani Khadki were I.C.S. C.C. Desai was the co-student of Subhash Chandra Bose and also the administrative officer during the British regime and Independent India. He was elected as M.P. from Banas Kantha. Manubhai Desai was the Judge of the Supreme Court of India. Govindbhai Desai from Bhavandias Khadki was the Deputy. Prime Minister in Baroda State. Motibhai Purshottamdas Desai from the Ramdasni Khadki was a prominent timber merchant in north Gujarat towns of Kalol, Kadi, Dhansura, Talod, and Dehgam. His elder brother Maganbhai Desai was the first engineer from the entire Desai Vago who worked in distance land of Lahore before the partition.

The eminent Patidars from Kakarkhad were two brothers: Jayantibhai and Manubhai. I.V. Patel and the two brothers donated generously to the Nadiad Education Society to build the Commerce and Arts Colleges, receptively. Babubhai Jashbhai Patel was elected as M.L.A. at the age of 26 and was the Chief Minster of Gujarat State from the period 1977-1980.

Ratilal Kushaldas Patel of Lakhawad was the first Patel to be the President of the Board of Control of Cricket (CCI) in India and was also a member of the MCC in England. Being warriors as well as politically active, the Patidars of Samadi Chakla, contributed greatly to the independence Movement and for the Movement of Maha Gujarat. The warriors blocked the military train, destroyed the railroad tracks, and saved the city of Ahmedabad by opposing in rolet Act of the British Government.

The Patidars were apprehended and prosecuted in court. The case was named the "Patta Case". Maganbhai was dubbed as "Raja" by the people of Nadiad for his leading role when all were acquitted in the "Patta Case". A famous Gurbo called Mujro, was written and sung at the famous Ambaji Temple. The Gurbo describes the Patta Case and is still sung during Navaratri Festival by Maravadis of Nadiad.

Ravjibhai Ishwerbhai Patel's only son, Shaheed Arvind, was the first warrior to sacrifice his life in the Maha Gujarat Movement. Today, Patel Madan is still considered to be the hub of political activities in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Ramanbhai G. Patel, of Samadi Chakla was the first principle of the College of Physical Education in Rajpipla, Gujarat. C.J. Patel of the Por, well known tobacco Merchant, donated to the Nadiad Education Society to build the J&J Science College of Nadiad. Goverdhanram Madhav Rao Tripathi of Nadiad, was an author of the great Gujarti novel, Saravathichandra. Santram Mandir was constructed one hundred and fifty years ago And Mai Mandir [1] was constructed sixty five years ago. These temples contributed to the social, educational, and religious need of the people of Nadiad and other villages of the Kheda district. Vithal Kanya Vidyalay, in memory of Veer Vitalbhai, educated women to become social and political leaders. Hindu Anath Ashram (Orphanage) of Nadiad is renowned for its services to the orphans.

It is said that during the reign of Ramalhad, Nadiad was ruled by seven patis. Around Salun Boarder and mosque was the ‘jagir’ (property) of Jerambhai Bechardas, was the area of Sidibaxi. Ramaldhad’s ‘pati’ located in Alhadvaga. These ‘patis’ suggest that the people living in these areas are ‘Patidars’ who are the main agricultural landlords of Kheda district. The government revenue department has based its revenue system on thiese. The following are the seven ‘patis’: alad pati.kakarkhad pati, chaklashi pati ‘ lakhavaad pati, hirjee pati ‘ ratanjee pati and killedari pati

Besides Patidar other communities such as Brahmins, Vaniks, and Muslims also contributed in the development of Nadiad. Patel's from Mota-pore, Vachewad and Nana-pore, are now among the new generation who are contributing towards the development of Nadiad. Nadiad was mainly established by Nagars, the eminent caste in Gujarat and not by patidars as everybody knows that Nadiad is known as "shakshar bhumi" not only because of Nagars but because there are 9 shakshars (highly knowledgeable and highly qualified) and all of them are Nagars; they are highly respectable not only in Nadiad but in whole world. Poets like Govardhanram Tripathi and Mast Kavi are Nagars.

Nadiad "Bhausaheb Ni Haveli" has 249 rooms in the house, which is less by just 91 rooms than the "Rashtrapati Bhavan" in New Delhi; this prestigious haveli belonged to Bhausaheb during the pre-independence era where Swami Vivekanand has stayed and Mahatma Gandhi has stayed for a night during the "Satyagrah".

The town has made important contributions in the field of freedom struggle, pioneering journalism, educational activities and jurisprudence. Ravjibhai Patel of Azad pole, Mohanlal Shah and Champaklal Shah of Manordas ni Khadki were the freedom fighters. To support the armed struggle against the British, Mr. Ravji Patel participated in robbery of Post office, he buried his gun used in the robbery in the Bhani Kui of his farm land. The Patels of Manordas Ni Khadki was the most educated community in those days. The small members were engineer, doctors, translators of Indian scriptures. Shankarlal Galabhai was the last Mukhi who ran the Kakarkhad pati from office opposite to Manordas ni Khaki and was not appreciated by the majority members of Kakakhad! Mr. Chunibhai Patel was the one who designed the dranage and water system of Nadiad.

Mahatma Gandhi had started his first ‘satyagraha’ movement upon his return from South Africa at nowhere else but in the district of Kheda and had resided in the alms-house of Nadiad.

Geography

Nadiad is located at 22.7°N 72.87°E. It has an average elevation of 35 metres (114 feet).
There number of doctors who helped nadiad to mitigate risk of health. Dr Vitthalbhai r patel, Iswarbhai patel gratuated from University of London and honored Fellowship in Royal Medical association.

Demographics

India census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

, Nadiad had a population of 192,799. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Nadiad has an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 73%. In Nadiad, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Scholars and Personalities

The seat of Santarm Maharaj and the Santram Temple earned fame not only for its religious importance, but for the public service activities, such as free medical care and feeding the beggars and sadhu-sant. Nadiad was also the land of laureates and literatures during the later years of l9th century and beginning of the 20th. The author of the epic Gujarati novel 'Saraswatichandra
Saraswatichandra
Saraswatichandra is a black-and-white Hindi film released in 1968 . It starred Nutan and Manish among others and was directed by Govind Saraiya. It was also the last Bollywood movie to be made in black and white....

', Govardhanram Tripathi
Govardhanram Tripathi
Govardhanram Tripathi was a novel writer of Gujarati literature.-Life:Govardhanram Tripathi was born in Nadiad, India on 20 October 1855 on the day of the Dasara festival....

, Mansukhram Shivaram, Zaverilal Yagnik, Ranchhodbhai Udayram, Manilal Nabhubhai, Balashanker, the poet-painter Phoolchand Master, Rasakavi Raghunath Brahmbhatt were a few of the many literary personalities. The residence of Govardhanram has been preserved and his statue has been placed in the heart of the town.

Shree Praful Patel
Praful Patel
Praful Manoharbhai Patel is a Member of Parliament of the Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Bhandara-Gondia parliamentary constituency and is a member of the Nationalist Congress Party...

, The Minister of Civil Aviation
Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)
The Ministry of Civil Aviation, India is responsible for the regulation of civil aviation in India.-References:**...

 is also from Nadiad. Shree Dinsha Patel
Dinsha Patel
Dinsha Jhaverbhai Patel is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Kaira constituency of Gujarat and is a member of the Indian National Congress...

, the M.P. from Nadiad is the current Independent Union Minister of State in the Ministry of Mines.

Pujya Mota
Pujya mota
Pujya Shree Mota , or Chunilal Asharam Bhavsar, was a spiritual leader who established ashrams in Nadiad and Surat in Gujarat, India. He founded the Hari Om Ashram, also known as the Maun Mandir, near Nadiad....

 was a great spiritual leader from Nadiad. Nadiad is also the birth-place of freedom fighter, statesman
Statesman
A statesman is usually a politician or other notable public figure who has had a long and respected career in politics or government at the national and international level. As a term of respect, it is usually left to supporters or commentators to use the term...

, and first Deputy Prime Minister of India
Deputy Prime Minister of India
The Deputy Prime Minister of India is a member of the Indian cabinet in the Indian government. The post is not a constitutional post and seldom carries any specific powers. Generally a Deputy Prime Minister also holds other key portfolios like Home minister or Finance Minister...

, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel was an Indian barrister and statesman, one of the leaders of the Indian National Congress and one of the founding fathers of India...

.
DR T B Patel, kakarkhad, Director of Civil Hospital, one of the founder of Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute (GCRI) and Best citizen of India , 2000 award winner
Mr. Shankarbhai Galabhai Patel who translated Bhagvad Gita in to English was also from Nadiad.

Transport

The Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...

-Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...

 railway line serves Nadiad. The railway junction is also connected to Vaso
Vaso
Vaso is a village located in Gujarat, India. The zip code is 387380. Area code is 02682585/86....

 and Bhadran
Bhadran
Bhadran is a village in the state of Gujarat, in far western India. It is in the Anand district. Bhadran was nicknamed the "Paris of Gaekwad state" due to its prosperity and civil works carried out by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, the visionary ruler of Baroda.-Legend:Years ago in Padampur,...

 on a narrow gauge
Narrow gauge
A narrow gauge railway is a railway that has a track gauge narrower than the of standard gauge railways. Most existing narrow gauge railways have gauges of between and .- Overview :...

 line as well as Modasa
Modasa
Modasa is a city and a municipality in Sabarkantha district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is an economic centre for agricultural exports, at both the provincial and national levels. As a centre for the surrounding villages, Modasa acts as a transportation hub for both residents and tourists,...

 on a meter gauge line. The newly built Gujarat Expressway (a limited access divided highway) has an exit for Nadiad offering a rapid transport service to Ahmedabad, Vadodara or Anand. National Highway (NH) 8 connects the city with smaller towns and villages offering excellent, affordable and rapid transport service for business, education and leisure. Gujarat State Transport buses connect Nadiad to other major cities of Gujarat as well as neighbouring states and there is a city transit system, and autorickshaws abound.

Industries

The city is a hub of industrial productivity led by the New Shorrock Mills of the Mafatlal Group. Other major industrial units providing valuable employment to the local population are IPCO, Apex Plastics Pvt. Ltd., American Dryfruits, Sweety Biscuits - manufacturing unit of Parle-G Biscuits and Ashoka Foods - manufacturer of packaged food. The city is also a major trading center of Indian spices such as jeera, hing, haldi and rai (mustard seeds) as well as cotton. Being the administrative center of the Kheda District, Nadiad has RTO, District Collector and Records offices which bring thousands of people to the city to transact official business.

Cinemas and entertainment

Cinemas halls in the city include Vaishali,Alka, Rajhans multiplex and Globe. One phenomenon that has gained popularity is the establishment of "party plots". These are giant sized parcels of land which allow individuals to congregate for festive occasions such as weddings.

Tourism

Santram Mandir
Santram Mandir
Santram Mandir is a famous temple situated in Nadiad, Gujarat, India. It is home to Santram Maharaj who is a holy figure in Gujarat. It is very famous for other social activities for the needy too. The Santram mandir trust runs a physiotherapy centre, an eye clinic as well as various other...

, famous for its carvings, is located in Nadiad. The 700 year old Sri Raxeshwar Mahadev temple, dedicated to lord Shiva, is till date served by a Living Saint. The 110 years old Methodist Church and Methodist mission hospital are also a worth visiting place. The school for deaf and dumb and Badhir Garden are also points of attraction.
More than 200 years old Shree Mota Narayandev Temple and The Bhairav Temple is the oldest temple in Nadiad.

Also, Mai Mandir, Amba Ashram, BAPS Swaminarayan Mandir are also a worth visiting Place,

Hospitals and Health care

Nadiad is a major centre of general and specialized health care services. Some of the major hospitals located in Nadiad are:
  • Muljibhai Patel Urological hospital (also known as Kidney Hospital)
  • D.D.M.M.Institute of Cardiac Surgery (also known as Heart Hospital-Mission Road-Nadiad)
  • Mahagujarat Hospital
  • Civil Hospital which is only one Government Hospital for Kheda District
  • Methodist Mission Hospital (General Hospital Situated at Mission Road- Nadiad)
  • Ayurvedic Hospital at J. S. Patel Ayurvedic College

External links

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