NGC 4038 Group
Encyclopedia
The NGC 4038 Group is a group of galaxies
Galaxy groups and clusters
Galaxy groups and clusters are the largest known gravitationally bound objects to have arisen thus far in the process of cosmic structure formation. They form the densest part of the large scale structure of the universe...

 in the constellation
Constellation
In modern astronomy, a constellation is an internationally defined area of the celestial sphere. These areas are grouped around asterisms, patterns formed by prominent stars within apparent proximity to one another on Earth's night sky....

s Corvus
Corvus (constellation)
Corvus is a small constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin for raven or crow. It includes only 11 stars visible to the naked eye...

 and Crater
Crater (constellation)
Crater is a constellation. Its name is Latin for cup, and in Greek mythology it is identified with the cup of the god Apollo. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations...

. The group may contain between 13 and 27 galaxies. The group's best known galaxies are the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/NGC4039)
Antennae Galaxies
The Antennae Galaxies are a pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Corvus. They are currently going through a phase of starburst. They were discovered by William Herschel in 1785...

, a well-known interacting pair of galaxies.


Members

The table below lists galaxies that have been consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog, the survey of Fouque et al., the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog, and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.

Members of the NGC 4038 Group
Name Type R.A.
Right ascension
Right ascension is the astronomical term for one of the two coordinates of a point on the celestial sphere when using the equatorial coordinate system. The other coordinate is the declination.-Explanation:...

 (J2000)
Dec.
Declination
In astronomy, declination is one of the two coordinates of the equatorial coordinate system, the other being either right ascension or hour angle. Declination in astronomy is comparable to geographic latitude, but projected onto the celestial sphere. Declination is measured in degrees north and...

 (J2000)
Redshift
Redshift
In physics , redshift happens when light seen coming from an object is proportionally increased in wavelength, or shifted to the red end of the spectrum...

 (km/s
Second
The second is a unit of measurement of time, and is the International System of Units base unit of time. It may be measured using a clock....

)
Apparent Magnitude
Apparent magnitude
The apparent magnitude of a celestial body is a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth, adjusted to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere...

Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/NGC 4039)
Antennae Galaxies
The Antennae Galaxies are a pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation Corvus. They are currently going through a phase of starburst. They were discovered by William Herschel in 1785...

1705 ± 5 13.0
NGC 3956 SA(s)c 1645 ± 5 13.1
NGC 3957 SA0 1637 ± 19 13.1
NGC 3981 SAB(s)bc pec 1723 ± 4 12.1
NGC 4024 SB0 1694 ± 15 13.2
NGC 4027
NGC 4027
NGC 4027 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 83 million light-years away in the constellation Corvus. It is also a peculiar galaxy because one of its spiral arms goes out more than the other...

SB(s)dm 1671 ± 6 11.7
NGC 4033 E6 1617 ± 20 13.2
NGC 4050 SB(r)ab 1761 ± 8 13.1
PGC 37476 SB(rs)c 1596 ± 8 14.0
PGC 38087 SB(s)cd 1664 ± 7 15.0
UGCA 254 SAB(s)cd 1813 ± 6 14.5
UGCA 257 SB(s)m 1795 ± 5 13.6


Additionally, the references above frequently but inconsistently identify PGC 37513, PGC 37565, and UGCA 270 as members of this group. Based on the above references, the exact membership of this group is somewhat uncertain as is the exact number of galaxies within the group.
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