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Municipal Police (France)
Encyclopedia
The Municipal Police are the local police
of towns and cities in France
. The French municipal police are under the direct authority of the Mayor, who is charged with significant powers of police administration, according to the regulations in Article L. 2212-2 du Code général des collectivités territoriales (CGCT) (2212-2 of the General Code of Territorial (CGCT)) with a responsibility to ensure good order, safety, security, and public health, and also to provide an administrative function, known as the "police power of the mayor. "
Although the word "police" refers to the maintenance of order, the function mainly comprises the protection of citizens from disasters, and the task of regulating traffic and parking. To do so, municipalities are required to establish municipal police services, under the authority of the mayor for the task of enforcing local bylaws.
The general code regulating local authorities lays down the status of municipal police officers:
"Without prejudice to the general jurisdiction of the national police force and national gendarmerie
, within the limits of their powers, the municipal police officers carry out duties required by the town council for crime prevention, public order, security, and public safety.
Without prejudice to the powers accorded them by special laws, they issue traffic fines and penalties for offences listed in Book VI of the penal code established by the Council of State and under the conditions laid down in paragraph 2 of section 21 of the Criminal Procedure Code and penal laws.
They are also vested with powers to oversee infringements of Article L. 126-3 of the Code of Construction and Housing.
During the course of their duties they act under the authority of the mayor of the municipality. "
Articles L 2212-5 (paragraph 4) [5] and the L CGCT 2212-9 [6], provide for inter-municipal police collaboration between municipalities or groups of municipalities; however, the police officers recruited through the municipal council are considered primarily available to every mayor in his hometown for local policing.
They may also be required to be sworn in by the district judge to provide services to the national police of neighbouring districts or to the gendarmerie in rural areas.
The municipal police do not generally carry firearms. At the request of the mayor however, the prefect of the department in which the commune or municipality is located may authorise municipal police officers to be armed in certain circumstances or for special night work. In some cities, all municipal police officers are permanently armed.
Approximately 18,000 municipal police officers provide about 13% of the total French law enforcement community.
In order to distinguish the municipal police [12] from other employees within category "A" of the civil service with the rank of Director of Municipal Police, rules of conduct, uniforms and the marking of vehicles were decreed in 2004 and 2005 and a framework for employment of localities of more than 40 officers was issued by decree on 17 November 2006) [13].
Since the law of 15 April 1999 The municipal police may also incorporate the duties of the forest rangers and game wardens (gardes champêtres
) in rural areas.
The municipal police may carry out arrests as part of the act (Article 73 of the Criminal Procedure Code) and are required to deliver any perpetrator to an officer of the national police or the national gendarmerie.
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
of towns and cities in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. The French municipal police are under the direct authority of the Mayor, who is charged with significant powers of police administration, according to the regulations in Article L. 2212-2 du Code général des collectivités territoriales (CGCT) (2212-2 of the General Code of Territorial (CGCT)) with a responsibility to ensure good order, safety, security, and public health, and also to provide an administrative function, known as the "police power of the mayor. "
Although the word "police" refers to the maintenance of order, the function mainly comprises the protection of citizens from disasters, and the task of regulating traffic and parking. To do so, municipalities are required to establish municipal police services, under the authority of the mayor for the task of enforcing local bylaws.
Legislation
The mayor is chief of police for the territory of his/her mandate [1].The general code regulating local authorities lays down the status of municipal police officers:
"Without prejudice to the general jurisdiction of the national police force and national gendarmerie
Gendarmerie
A gendarmerie or gendarmery is a military force charged with police duties among civilian populations. Members of such a force are typically called "gendarmes". The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary describes a gendarme as "a soldier who is employed on police duties" and a "gendarmery, -erie" as...
, within the limits of their powers, the municipal police officers carry out duties required by the town council for crime prevention, public order, security, and public safety.
Without prejudice to the powers accorded them by special laws, they issue traffic fines and penalties for offences listed in Book VI of the penal code established by the Council of State and under the conditions laid down in paragraph 2 of section 21 of the Criminal Procedure Code and penal laws.
They are also vested with powers to oversee infringements of Article L. 126-3 of the Code of Construction and Housing.
During the course of their duties they act under the authority of the mayor of the municipality. "
Activities
Interventions of the municipal police are also carried out in coordination with other police forces; a mandatory agreement defines and limits the nature and location of their interventions and the manner in which they collaborate with other police forces. With the exception of the static guarding of buildings and surveillance of ceremonies, festivals and other events, without this agreement, the tasks of local police can only be exercised between 6 am and 23 pm. Overall supervision and regulation of the municipal police is under the jurisdiction the Ministry of the Interior, which is empowered to carry out inspections by agencies such as the IGPN.Articles L 2212-5 (paragraph 4) [5] and the L CGCT 2212-9 [6], provide for inter-municipal police collaboration between municipalities or groups of municipalities; however, the police officers recruited through the municipal council are considered primarily available to every mayor in his hometown for local policing.
They may also be required to be sworn in by the district judge to provide services to the national police of neighbouring districts or to the gendarmerie in rural areas.
The municipal police do not generally carry firearms. At the request of the mayor however, the prefect of the department in which the commune or municipality is located may authorise municipal police officers to be armed in certain circumstances or for special night work. In some cities, all municipal police officers are permanently armed.
Strength and organization
The municipal police is officially recognized by the Ministry of Interior as the third component of the security forces after the National Police and the Gendarmerie [9] The city police has a code of ethics [10] and a business card [11].Approximately 18,000 municipal police officers provide about 13% of the total French law enforcement community.
In order to distinguish the municipal police [12] from other employees within category "A" of the civil service with the rank of Director of Municipal Police, rules of conduct, uniforms and the marking of vehicles were decreed in 2004 and 2005 and a framework for employment of localities of more than 40 officers was issued by decree on 17 November 2006) [13].
Since the law of 15 April 1999 The municipal police may also incorporate the duties of the forest rangers and game wardens (gardes champêtres
Garde champêtre
A garde champêtre is a combination of forest ranger, game warden and police officer in certain rural communes in France. They report to the local mayor. Many of these officers wear green uniforms and many carry firearms. They fall under the general supervision of the Gendarmerie.- External links :*...
) in rural areas.
| Year | Number of municipal policemen | Number of municipalities with municipal police |
|---|---|---|
| 1984 | 5 641 | 1 748 |
| 1987 | 8 159 | 2 345 |
| 1989 | 9 361 | 2 663 |
| 1993 | 10 977 | 2 849 |
| 1999 | 13 098 | 3 030 |
| 2004 | 16 673 | |
| 2010 | 18 000 | 3 500 |
Skills
Under Article 21 2 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. the duties of the municipal police include:- safety, security, safety and public order (L2212-5 of the code of local authorities)
- the correct application of the bylaws.
- monitoring and regulation of road traffic and the recording of traffic violations.(L116-2 of the code of the road traffic)
- routine screening for alcohol offenses under the traffic laws.
- maintenance of law 78-6 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
- assistance to citizens of the town.
- the laws of urban planning.
- reporting of crimes over which they have no jurisdiction.
The municipal police may carry out arrests as part of the act (Article 73 of the Criminal Procedure Code) and are required to deliver any perpetrator to an officer of the national police or the national gendarmerie.
External links
- (fr) http://66.102.1.100/translate_c?hl=en&langpair=auto%7Cen&u=http://www.onpm.org/&usg=ALkJrhgk9MsHNlQeN6LohBIrHw1xQbGqjg Observatoire National des Polices Municipales (National Observatory Font Municipales)
- (fr) http://66.102.1.100/translate_c?hl=en&langpair=auto%7Cen&u=http://www.police.online.fr/&usg=ALkJrhgKS7BEYhjd7ypqklVJxvaEt6fvGw Police Online Site non-officiel de la Police Municipale (Police Online Unofficial Website of the Municipal Police)