Mount Terror (Antarctica)
Encyclopedia
Mount Terror is a large shield volcano
Shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows. They are named for their large size and low profile, resembling a warrior's shield. This is caused by the highly fluid lava they erupt, which travels farther than lava erupted from more explosive volcanoes...

 that forms the eastern part of Ross Island
Ross Island
Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea near the continent of Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound.-Geography:...

, Antarctica. It has numerous cinder cone
Cinder cone
According to the , Cinder Cone is the proper name of 1 cinder cone in Canada and 7 cinder cones in the United States:In Canada: Cinder Cone In the United States:...

s and domes on the flanks of the shield and is mostly under snow
Snow
Snow is a form of precipitation within the Earth's atmosphere in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. Since snow is composed of small ice particles, it is a granular material. It has an open and therefore soft structure, unless packed by...

 and ice
Ice
Ice is water frozen into the solid state. Usually ice is the phase known as ice Ih, which is the most abundant of the varying solid phases on the Earth's surface. It can appear transparent or opaque bluish-white color, depending on the presence of impurities or air inclusions...

. It is the second largest of the four volcanoes which make up Ross Island and is somewhat overshadowed by its neighbor, Mount Erebus
Mount Erebus
Mount Erebus in Antarctica is the southernmost historically active volcano on Earth, the second highest volcano in Antarctica , and the 6th highest ultra mountain on an island. With a summit elevation of , it is located on Ross Island, which is also home to three inactive volcanoes, notably Mount...

, 30 km (18.6 mi) to the west. Mt. Terror was named in 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross
James Clark Ross
Sir James Clark Ross , was a British naval officer and explorer. He explored the Arctic with his uncle Sir John Ross and Sir William Parry, and later led his own expedition to Antarctica.-Arctic explorer:...

 for his second ship, the HMS Terror
HMS Terror (1813)
HMS Terror was a bomb vessel designed by Sir Henry Peake and constructed by the Royal Navy in the Davy shipyard in Topsham, Devon. The ship, variously listed as being of either 326 or 340 tons, carried two mortars, one and one .-War service:...

. The captain of the Terror was Captain Francis Rawdon Moira Crozier who was a close friend of Ross.
The rocks at the summit have not been studied, but lower areas have been studied and rocks from those areas range from 0.82 to 1.75 million years old. Mount Terror shows no signs of volcanic activity more recent than that.

The first ascent of Mt. Terror was made by a New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

 party in 1959.

Terror Point (77°41′S 168°13′E), located just below Mt. Terror, is the eastern limit of Fog Bay, 6 km (3.7 mi) WNW of Cape MacKay on Ross Island. The name was first used by members of the British National Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04, and was apparently applied in association with Mt. Terror which overlooks this point from the northeast.

Terror Saddle is one of three prominent snow saddles on Ross Island
Ross Island
Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea near the continent of Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound.-Geography:...

, located c.1600 m between Mount Terra Nova
Mount Terra Nova
Mount Terra Nova is a snow-covered mountain, 2,130 m, between Mount Erebus and Mount Terror on Ross Island. First mapped by the Discovery expedition 1901-04, and named for the Terra Nova, relief ship for this expedition and the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13.Terra Nova Saddle is the...

 and Mount Terror
Mount Terror
Mount Terror can refer to:* Mount Terror * Mount Terror , United States...

. Named in association with Mount Terror, which rises to 3262 m to the east of this saddle.

Terror Glacier is a large glacier
Glacier
A glacier is a large persistent body of ice that forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. At least 0.1 km² in area and 50 m thick, but often much larger, a glacier slowly deforms and flows due to stresses induced by its weight...

 between Mount Terra Nova
Mount Terra Nova
Mount Terra Nova is a snow-covered mountain, 2,130 m, between Mount Erebus and Mount Terror on Ross Island. First mapped by the Discovery expedition 1901-04, and named for the Terra Nova, relief ship for this expedition and the British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-13.Terra Nova Saddle is the...

 and Mount Terror
Mount Terror
Mount Terror can refer to:* Mount Terror * Mount Terror , United States...

 on Ross Island
Ross Island
Ross Island is an island formed by four volcanoes in the Ross Sea near the continent of Antarctica, off the coast of Victoria Land in McMurdo Sound.-Geography:...

, flowing south into Windless Bight
Windless Bight
Windless Bight is the prominent bight indenting the south side of Ross Island eastward of Hut Point Peninsula. Named by the Winter Journey Party, led by Wilson, of the British Antarctic Expedition , which encountered no wind in this area....

. So named by A.J. Heine of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition
New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition
The New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition describes a series of scientific explorations of the continent Antarctica. The expeditions were notably active in 1957-58 and again in 1958-59. The 1957-58 expedition went to the Ross Dependency and named the Borchgrevink Glacier...

(NZGSAE), 1962–63, because of its association with Mount Terror.
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