The city of Canterbury

Canterbury

Canterbury is a historic English cathedral city, which lies at the heart of the City of Canterbury, a district of Kent in South East England. It lies on the River Stour....

 in Kent

Kent

Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...

, England

England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

 has been well served by mills over the centuries. These include animal engine

Animal engine

An animal engine is a machine powered by an animal. Horses, donkeys, oxen, dogs, and humans have all been used in this way.-See also:*Horse mill*Horse power*Persian well*TreadwheelFor Details log on to www.greenenergysolutions.co.in- Books :...

s, watermills and windmills.

Animal engines

A rare survivor is the treadwheel

Treadwheel

A treadwheel is a form of animal engine typically powered by humans. It may resemble a water wheel in appearance, and can be worked either by a human treading paddles set into its circumference , or by a human or animal standing inside it .Uses of treadwheels included raising water, to power...

 in the Bell Harry tower of Canterbury Cathedral

Canterbury Cathedral

Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England and forms part of a World Heritage Site....

.

Watermills

There were a total of ten watermills at various time on the Great Stour river

River Stour, Kent

The River Stour is the river in Kent, England that flows into the English Channel at Pegwell Bay. Above Plucks Gutter, where the Little Stour joins it, the river is normally known as the Great Stour. The upper section of the river, above its confluence with the East Stour at Ashford is sometimes...

. They are covered in the article on the Stour watermills

Stour watermills

Man has used the River Stour for centuries as a source of power. Many different processes were performed by the use of water power:- Corn milling, fulling, paper making and electricity generation...

.

Windmills

A total of six windmills are known to have stood in Canterbury.

• St Martin's Mill
  St Martin's Mill, Canterbury
  St Martin's Mill is a Grade II listed, house converted tower mill in Canterbury, Kent, England.-History:St Martin's Mill was built in 1817 by John Adams. It was working until 1890 and was converted into a house by a Mr Couzens in 1920...
  
  , (TR 165 578 51.278°N 1.103°W) a tower mill
  Tower mill
  A tower mill is a type of windmill which consists of a brick or stone tower, on top of which sits a roof or cap which can be turned to bring the sails into the wind....
  
   built in 1817 and working until 1890, now a house conversion.

• St Martin's Black Mill, a smock mill
  Smock mill
  The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind...
  
   that was marked on the 1819-43 Ordnance Survey
  Ordnance Survey
  Ordnance Survey , an executive agency and non-ministerial government department of the Government of the United Kingdom, is the national mapping agency for Great Britain, producing maps of Great Britain , and one of the world's largest producers of maps.The name reflects its creation together with...
  
   map and demolished in 1868. The sails and major machinery being installed in New Mill, Blean
  Blean
  Blean is located in the Canterbury district of Kent, England. It is the name of the civil parish as well as the village within it: the latter is scattered along the road between Canterbury and Whitstable, in the middle of what was once the extensive Forest of Blean.The village name of Blean is...
  
  . The mill had a three storey smock on a two storey base, with a stage at first floor level. There was one pair of shuttered sails and one pair of common sails. It was winded by a fantail.

• St Lawrence Mill, a smock mill marked on the 1819-43 Ordnance Survey map that was burnt down on 15 May 1873. The millers were Richard Fuller in 1845 and J Chantler in 1862. This mill stood on or near the site of Canterbury's earliest recorded windmill, which stood at Little Foxmould in the Ridingate area. This mill was granted to the Hospital of Eastbridge by the Prioress and Nuns of the church of St Sepulchre early in the thirteenth century.

• Dane John Mill, (TR 148 574 51.275°N 1.078°W) a post mill
  Post mill
  The post mill is the earliest type of European windmill. The defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single vertical post, around which it can be turned to bring the sails into the wind. The earliest post mills in England are thought to have...
  
  advertised for sale in the Kentish Post in 1731 and rebuilt in 1790 by James Simmonds. John Parker was the miller in 1839.

• Franciscan Gardens, a smock mill shown in a print dated 1846.

• St. Thomas' Hill, a mill shown in prints dated 1816, 1835 and 1856. John Goble or Gobell was the miller in 1839.