Mikhail Artemyevich Muravyov
Encyclopedia
Mikhail Artemyevich Muravyov ( ( – July 11, 1918) was a Russian officer and war criminal who changed sides during the time of the Civil War
.
He was born in a village of Burdukovo, near Vetluga
Kostroma Governorate to a peasant family. In 1898 he entered the army, serving in the Russo-Japanese War
and World War I
, in which he was a lieutenant colonel on the Southwestern Front. After the February Revolution
he organized volunteer units to continue the war, but he became disaffected from the Provisional Government
and joined the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
. During the October Revolution
he defended Petrograd against the forces of Alexander Kerensky
, and in January 1918 he led Red Guard
units against the Central Rada of Ukraine and the White
forces of General Kaledin. However, after he had been named commander of the eastern front, fighting the Czechoslovak Legion, he heard of the Left SR uprising against the Bolsheviks in early July and left the front open, allowing the White capture of Simbirsk. Finding himself without support from his troops, he was captured by the Bolsheviks, resisted arrest, and was shot while trying to draw a gun.
Muravyov participated in the shootings of Ukrainian students in the Battle of Kruty
.
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a...
.
He was born in a village of Burdukovo, near Vetluga
Vetluga
Vetluga is a town and the administrative center of Vetluzhsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vetluga River. Population: It was founded in 1636 and granted town status in 1778....
Kostroma Governorate to a peasant family. In 1898 he entered the army, serving in the Russo-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was "the first great war of the 20th century." It grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea...
and World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, in which he was a lieutenant colonel on the Southwestern Front. After the February Revolution
February Revolution
The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. Centered around the then capital Petrograd in March . Its immediate result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire...
he organized volunteer units to continue the war, but he became disaffected from the Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
and joined the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
In 1917, Russia the Socialist-Revolutionary Party split between those who supported the Provisional Government, established after the February Revolution, and those who supported the Bolsheviks who favoured a communist insurrection....
. During the October Revolution
October Revolution
The October Revolution , also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution , Red October, the October Uprising or the Bolshevik Revolution, was a political revolution and a part of the Russian Revolution of 1917...
he defended Petrograd against the forces of Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolutions of 1917.Kerensky served as the second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until Vladimir Lenin was elected by the All-Russian Congress of Soviets following the October Revolution...
, and in January 1918 he led Red Guard
Red Guards (Russia)
In the context of the history of Russia and Soviet Union, Red Guards were paramilitary formations consisting of workers and partially of soldiers and sailors formed in the time frame of the Russian Revolution of 1917...
units against the Central Rada of Ukraine and the White
White movement
The White movement and its military arm the White Army - known as the White Guard or the Whites - was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces.The movement comprised one of the politico-military Russian forces who fought...
forces of General Kaledin. However, after he had been named commander of the eastern front, fighting the Czechoslovak Legion, he heard of the Left SR uprising against the Bolsheviks in early July and left the front open, allowing the White capture of Simbirsk. Finding himself without support from his troops, he was captured by the Bolsheviks, resisted arrest, and was shot while trying to draw a gun.
Muravyov participated in the shootings of Ukrainian students in the Battle of Kruty
Battle of Kruty
The Battle of Kruty was a battle which took place on January 29, 1918, near railway station "Kruty" about northeast of Kiev, Ukraine, which was at the time part of the Nizhyn Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate.-Order of battle:Ukrainian forces* Sich Riflemen auxiliary student battalion - Vasyl...
.
External links
- Hronos.ru biography page (in Russian)