Miao Rebellions (Ming Dynasty)
Encyclopedia
The Miao Rebellions were a series of Rebellions of the aboriginal Miao
and other aboriginal tribes of southern China. The Ming Dynasty
crushed the rebels with overwhelming force. Later in the Qing dynasty
, another series of Miao Rebellions broke out.
warriors from Turpan were sent by the Ming Hongwu Emperor to crush Miao rebels in Taoyuan County
of Changde, Hunan. (back then Hunan was part of Huguang
province). The Uyghurs were all given titles and allowed to live in Changde, Hunan, the title of the Uyghur Commander was "Grand General of South-Pacifying Post of the Nation" The Uyghurs were led by General Hala Bashi who was awarded titles by the Ming Hongwu Emperor and the surname Jian. They live in Taoyuan County of Hunan province to this day. Chinese Muslim
troops were also used by the Ming Dynasty to crush the Miao and other aboriginal rebels in the area, and were also settled in Changde, Hunan, where their descendants still live.
On May 4, 1449 the Miao revolted. The Ming military sent Wang Ji to destroy the Miao rebels. the Miao rebellions spread through Huguang and Guizhou.
Guizhou
was ransacked with human trafficking and looting in 1459 and 1460 during the rebellion. The eunuch Yuan Rangyang was appointed Grand Defender of Huguang and Guizhou.
Multiple Miao rebellions broke out in the 1460s. The Miao and Yao rebelled in 1464, and spread throughout Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, and Guangdong. The Miao were found throughout southern China, on the Hunan Guizhou border more bellions broke out in 1466 . The Ming rallied 30,000 men, including 1,000 Mongol cavalry archers, to crush the Miao. The Ming commander Li Chen, who was a hereditary military General, fought against the aboriginal tribes for decades in the 1400s. Li used brutal tactics against them. He exterminated thousands of Miaos multiples times in 1467, 1475, and 1467 every time when they rebelled.
Certain subgroups of Miao are known as Hmong people
. The Ming dynasty enforced settlement of ethnic Chinese in Hmong and other aboriginal tribal areas in the southwest in the 1500s. The Ming sent 2,000 garrison troops to defeat the Hmong rebels, and slaughtered 40,000 of them. By 1500, Hmong raided areas around Hunan province and fought annually to gain their independence, the Ming dynasty constructed the Hmong wall, which was 10 feet high and 100 miles long with military posts. The Hmong in Guizhou used armor made of buffalo skin, or mail made of copper and iron, with shiels, spears, knives, crossbows, and poisoned arrows. Two Chinese Generals who defected and joined the Hmong gave them gunpowder weapons, like flintlock rifles, cannons, and blunderbusses, and helped them make them.
An account of the origins of Hmong in Sichuan says that the Ming chinese in Guangdong defeated the ancestors of the Hmong, and forcibly relocated them to Sichuan.
The Chinese naming and classification of the southern tribes was often vague. When the Ming began colonizing the south, the classification of the natives began to grow more accurate.
The Ming dynasty army almost completely exterminated the Bo minority
people in southern China.
slaves. This event occurred during the rule of the Zhengtong Emperor
(Yingcong or Ying Tsung). Since 329 of the boys died, even more were needed to be castrated.
A large number of the Han chinese soldiers who crushed the rebellion were then settled down in the southwest their lands and married Miao women.
Miao people
The Miao or ม้ง ; ) is an ethnic group recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 55 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component nations of people, which include Hmong, Hmu, A Hmao, and Kho Xiong...
and other aboriginal tribes of southern China. The Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
crushed the rebels with overwhelming force. Later in the Qing dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
, another series of Miao Rebellions broke out.
Rebellions
In one of the First Miao revolts, in the 1370s- Several thousand UyghurUyghur people
The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China...
warriors from Turpan were sent by the Ming Hongwu Emperor to crush Miao rebels in Taoyuan County
Taoyuan County, Hunan
Taoyuan County is located in Changde, Hunan Province of the People's Republic of China. The Yuanjiang river, a tributary of Yangtze, flows through Taoyuan. Taoyuan covers 4441 square kilometer area, among which the arable land is 895 square kilometers...
of Changde, Hunan. (back then Hunan was part of Huguang
Huguang
Huguang was a province of China during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. It was partitioned in the late Qing Dynasty, becoming the provinces of Hubei and Hunan....
province). The Uyghurs were all given titles and allowed to live in Changde, Hunan, the title of the Uyghur Commander was "Grand General of South-Pacifying Post of the Nation" The Uyghurs were led by General Hala Bashi who was awarded titles by the Ming Hongwu Emperor and the surname Jian. They live in Taoyuan County of Hunan province to this day. Chinese Muslim
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
troops were also used by the Ming Dynasty to crush the Miao and other aboriginal rebels in the area, and were also settled in Changde, Hunan, where their descendants still live.
On May 4, 1449 the Miao revolted. The Ming military sent Wang Ji to destroy the Miao rebels. the Miao rebellions spread through Huguang and Guizhou.
Guizhou
Guizhou
' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...
was ransacked with human trafficking and looting in 1459 and 1460 during the rebellion. The eunuch Yuan Rangyang was appointed Grand Defender of Huguang and Guizhou.
Multiple Miao rebellions broke out in the 1460s. The Miao and Yao rebelled in 1464, and spread throughout Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, and Guangdong. The Miao were found throughout southern China, on the Hunan Guizhou border more bellions broke out in 1466 . The Ming rallied 30,000 men, including 1,000 Mongol cavalry archers, to crush the Miao. The Ming commander Li Chen, who was a hereditary military General, fought against the aboriginal tribes for decades in the 1400s. Li used brutal tactics against them. He exterminated thousands of Miaos multiples times in 1467, 1475, and 1467 every time when they rebelled.
Certain subgroups of Miao are known as Hmong people
Hmong people
The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
. The Ming dynasty enforced settlement of ethnic Chinese in Hmong and other aboriginal tribal areas in the southwest in the 1500s. The Ming sent 2,000 garrison troops to defeat the Hmong rebels, and slaughtered 40,000 of them. By 1500, Hmong raided areas around Hunan province and fought annually to gain their independence, the Ming dynasty constructed the Hmong wall, which was 10 feet high and 100 miles long with military posts. The Hmong in Guizhou used armor made of buffalo skin, or mail made of copper and iron, with shiels, spears, knives, crossbows, and poisoned arrows. Two Chinese Generals who defected and joined the Hmong gave them gunpowder weapons, like flintlock rifles, cannons, and blunderbusses, and helped them make them.
An account of the origins of Hmong in Sichuan says that the Ming chinese in Guangdong defeated the ancestors of the Hmong, and forcibly relocated them to Sichuan.
The Chinese naming and classification of the southern tribes was often vague. When the Ming began colonizing the south, the classification of the natives began to grow more accurate.
The Ming dynasty army almost completely exterminated the Bo minority
Bo people (China)
The Bo people are a small minority population in Southern China, famous for their hanging coffins.The Bo people dominated their area for some four centuries, but were massacred by the Ming army and were thought to be extinct...
people in southern China.
Mass castrations of Miao boys
The Ming commander crushed a Miao rebellion in 1460, and castrated 1,565 Miao boys, which resulted in the deaths of 329 of them. They were then turned into eunuchEunuch
A eunuch is a person born male most commonly castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences...
slaves. This event occurred during the rule of the Zhengtong Emperor
Zhengtong Emperor
Zhu Qizhen was an emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He ruled as the Zhengtong Emperor from 1435 to 1449, and as the Tianshun Emperor from 1457 to 1464....
(Yingcong or Ying Tsung). Since 329 of the boys died, even more were needed to be castrated.
A large number of the Han chinese soldiers who crushed the rebellion were then settled down in the southwest their lands and married Miao women.