Menkyo
Encyclopedia
is a Japanese
term meaning "license". It refers to the permission of education system for practitioners of various Japanese arts and ways in order to maintain traditions within the ryū
. The menkyo system dates back to the 8th century.
Different koryū
use different license; one outline is:
term meaning "license of total transmission." It is a license that is granted by a school, koryū
meaning that the exponent has learned everything and pass on all aspects of his/her training within the koryū.
In the menkyo system of licenses, the menkyo kaiden is the highest level of license that exists under the menkyo system. Advancement of license is not determined by years spent learning, but how well one masters the discipline. However, the transition from menkyo to kaiden require usually at least thirty years experience. A holder of menkyo kaiden is often, but not always, the de facto
successor to the sōke
of the koryū.
/dan
system as a ranking system. The dan-system was created by Jigoro Kano in the late nineteenth century for Kodokan
judo
.
Japanese language
is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists .Japanese is an...
term meaning "license". It refers to the permission of education system for practitioners of various Japanese arts and ways in order to maintain traditions within the ryū
Ryu
* Ryū , a school of thought or discipline ., a book by Ryūnosuke Akutagawa* Ryū , a series by Masao Yajima and Akira Oze* Ryu , a common Korean family name...
. The menkyo system dates back to the 8th century.
Japanese Traditional Arts
Although it is most commonly thought to be used for the martial arts, it can also be used for other arts such as painting (sumi-e), tea ceremony (chado), flower arranging or calligraphy (shodo).Different koryū
Ryu (school)
A Ryū , or ryūha , is a Japanese word referring to a school of thought in any discipline...
use different license; one outline is:
- okuiri : enter into art.
- mokuroku : certificate, and entered into official rolls.
- shomokuroku
- gomokuroku
- menkyo: License.
- menkyo kaiden: Around thirty years experience.
Menkyo Kaiden
, (めんきょかいでん) is a JapaneseJapanese language
is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists .Japanese is an...
term meaning "license of total transmission." It is a license that is granted by a school, koryū
Ryu (school)
A Ryū , or ryūha , is a Japanese word referring to a school of thought in any discipline...
meaning that the exponent has learned everything and pass on all aspects of his/her training within the koryū.
In the menkyo system of licenses, the menkyo kaiden is the highest level of license that exists under the menkyo system. Advancement of license is not determined by years spent learning, but how well one masters the discipline. However, the transition from menkyo to kaiden require usually at least thirty years experience. A holder of menkyo kaiden is often, but not always, the de facto
De facto
De facto is a Latin expression that means "concerning fact." In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established." It is commonly used in contrast to de jure when referring to matters of law, governance, or...
successor to the sōke
Soke (martial arts)
, pronounced , is a Japanese term that means "the head family [house]." In the realm of Japanese traditional arts, it is used synonymously with the term iemoto...
of the koryū.
Comparison to the ranking System Dan'i
There are two systems in Japanese martial arts and martial ways: Menkyo and kyu-dan. Classical schools (koryū) use the menkyo system as a license system while schools which base their practice on modern budō forms ("path, or way") use the kyūKyu
is a Japanese term used in martial arts, chadō, ikebana, go, shogi such as Japanese traditional culture, and academic tests and in other similar activities to designate various grades or levels or class of proficiency or experience...
/dan
Dan rank
The ranking system is a Japanese mark of level, which is used in modern fine arts and martial arts. Originally invented in a Go school in the Edo period, this system was applied to martial arts by Kanō Jigorō, the founder of judo and later introduced to other East Asia countries.In the modern...
system as a ranking system. The dan-system was created by Jigoro Kano in the late nineteenth century for Kodokan
Kodokan
, or the Kodokan Institute, is the headquarters of the worldwide judo community. Literally, kō means "to lecture" or "to spread information," dō means "the way," and kan is "a public building or hall," together translating roughly as "a place for the study or promotion of the way." The Kodokan was...
judo
Judo
is a modern martial art and combat sport created in Japan in 1882 by Jigoro Kano. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the object is to either throw or takedown one's opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue one's opponent with a grappling maneuver, or force an...
.