Matus Bisnovat
Encyclopedia
Matus Ruvimovich Bisnovat , Soviet aircraft and missile designer.
Bisnovat attended the Moscow Aviation Institute
(MAI), graduating in 1931. In 1938, he headed a research team in Central Aero-Hydrodynamics Institute TsAGI
, Zhukovsky
, where several high-speed experimental airplanes were developed, the SK-1
, SK-2
and SK-3.
From 1942 - 1944 Bisnovat oversaw the development of the "302" rocket/ramjet
fighter in NII-3, supervised by A. G. Kostikov. In 1946 he became head of Plant no. 293 and a team of engineers formerly in the OKB-293 of Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhovitinov
. There Bisnovat managed some later work on the Bereznyak-Isayev
BI-1 rocket plane. In 1948, with engine designer A.M. Isaev
he worked on the supersonic aircraft "Samolet 5". In 1952 he developed the infrared homing
air-to-air missile
SNARS-250.
Bisnovat fell prey to an anti-Semitic campaign ("cosmopolitanism
") instigated by rivals of Lavrentiy Beria
. As a result he was ousted as head of Plant 293.
In 1954 Bisnovat became head of design bureau KB Molniya, where he oversaw the development of air-to-air missiles R-40, K-60 and K-73.
Bisnovat was awarded a doctorate in science
in 1965, Lenin Prize
in 1966, State Prize of USSR in 1973, and Hero of Socialist Labor
in 1975.
He died in 1977 from complications due to diabetes.
Bisnovat attended the Moscow Aviation Institute
Moscow Aviation Institute
Moscow Aviation Institute is one of several major engineering higher education establishments in Moscow .Although the school is currently offering a wide range of majors and research...
(MAI), graduating in 1931. In 1938, he headed a research team in Central Aero-Hydrodynamics Institute TsAGI
TsAGI
TsAGI is a transliteration of the Russian abbreviation for Центра́льный аэрогидродинами́ческий институ́т or "Tsentralniy Aerogidrodinamicheskiy Institut", the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute....
, Zhukovsky
Zhukovsky (city)
Zhukovsky is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moskva River, southeast of Moscow. Population: The urban-type settlement of Stakhanovo was founded in 1935 from the dacha settlement Otdykh . It was named after Alexey Stakhanov - a famous Soviet miner...
, where several high-speed experimental airplanes were developed, the SK-1
Bisnovat SK-1
-See also:-References:* Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. ISBN 1-85532-405-9...
, SK-2
Bisnovat SK-2
-See also:-References:* Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. ISBN 1-85532-405-9...
and SK-3.
From 1942 - 1944 Bisnovat oversaw the development of the "302" rocket/ramjet
Ramjet
A ramjet, sometimes referred to as a stovepipe jet, or an athodyd, is a form of airbreathing jet engine using the engine's forward motion to compress incoming air, without a rotary compressor. Ramjets cannot produce thrust at zero airspeed and thus cannot move an aircraft from a standstill...
fighter in NII-3, supervised by A. G. Kostikov. In 1946 he became head of Plant no. 293 and a team of engineers formerly in the OKB-293 of Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhovitinov
Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhovitinov
Viktor Fedorovich Bolkhovitinov was a Soviet engineer, team-leader of the developers of the Bereznyak-Isayev BI-1 aircraft....
. There Bisnovat managed some later work on the Bereznyak-Isayev
Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev
Aleksei Mikhailovich Isaev was a Russian rocket engineer.Aleksei Isaev began work under Leonid Dushkin during World War II, on an experimental rocket-powered interceptor plane. In 1944 he formed his own design bureau to engineer liquid-propellant engines...
BI-1 rocket plane. In 1948, with engine designer A.M. Isaev
Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev
Aleksei Mikhailovich Isaev was a Russian rocket engineer.Aleksei Isaev began work under Leonid Dushkin during World War II, on an experimental rocket-powered interceptor plane. In 1944 he formed his own design bureau to engineer liquid-propellant engines...
he worked on the supersonic aircraft "Samolet 5". In 1952 he developed the infrared homing
Infrared homing
Infrared homing refers to a passive missile guidance system which uses the emission from a target of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum to track and follow it. Missiles which use infrared seeking are often referred to as "heat-seekers", since infrared is just below the...
air-to-air missile
Air-to-air missile
An air-to-air missile is a missile fired from an aircraft for the purpose of destroying another aircraft. AAMs are typically powered by one or more rocket motors, usually solid fuelled but sometimes liquid fuelled...
SNARS-250.
Bisnovat fell prey to an anti-Semitic campaign ("cosmopolitanism
Cosmopolitanism
Cosmopolitanism is the ideology that all human ethnic groups belong to a single community based on a shared morality. This is contrasted with communitarian and particularistic theories, especially the ideas of patriotism and nationalism...
") instigated by rivals of Lavrentiy Beria
Lavrentiy Beria
Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria was a Georgian Soviet politician and state security administrator, chief of the Soviet security and secret police apparatus under Joseph Stalin during World War II, and Deputy Premier in the postwar years ....
. As a result he was ousted as head of Plant 293.
In 1954 Bisnovat became head of design bureau KB Molniya, where he oversaw the development of air-to-air missiles R-40, K-60 and K-73.
Bisnovat was awarded a doctorate in science
Doctor of Science
Doctor of Science , usually abbreviated Sc.D., D.Sc., S.D. or Dr.Sc., is an academic research degree awarded in a number of countries throughout the world. In some countries Doctor of Science is the name used for the standard doctorate in the sciences, elsewhere the Sc.D...
in 1965, Lenin Prize
Lenin Prize
The Lenin Prize was one of the most prestigious awards of the USSR, presented to individuals for accomplishments relating to science, literature, arts, architecture, and technology. It was created on June 23, 1925 and was awarded until 1934. During the period from 1935 to 1956, the Lenin Prize was...
in 1966, State Prize of USSR in 1973, and Hero of Socialist Labor
Hero of Socialist Labor
Hero of Socialist Labour was an honorary title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries. It was the highest degree of distinction for exceptional achievements in national economy and culture...
in 1975.
He died in 1977 from complications due to diabetes.