Mario Tronti
Encyclopedia
Mario Tronti is an Italian philosopher and politician
, considered as one of the founders of the theory of operaismo in the 1960s.
(PCI) during the 1950s he was, with Raniero Panzieri
, amongst the founders of the Quaderni Rossi (Red Notebooks) review from which he split in 1963 to found the Classe Operaia (Working Class) review. This evolving journey progressively distanced him from the PCI, without ever formally leaving, and engaged him in the radical experiences of operaismo. Such an experiences, considered by many to be the matrix of the Italian New Left in the sixties, was characterised by challenging the roles of the traditional organisations of the workers' movement (the unions and the parties) and the direct engagement, without intermediaries, with the working class itself and to the struggles in the factories.
Influenced philosophically by the work of Galvano Della Volpe
, which lead him to distance himself from the thinking of Antonio Gramsci
, or at least the official version promulgated by the PCI, Tronti dedicated himself to the formulation of a politics, basing theory on practice, which could renew traditional Marxism and contribute to re-opening the revolutionary road in the West.
Faced with mass revolt by Western workers in the sixties, Tronti's operaismo was able to propose a modern analysis of class relations and above all refocus attention of the subjective factor, claiming the central political role of the working class. His ideas found an echo in 1966, with the publication of Operai e capitale (Workers and Capital), a book which would exercise a notable influence on the protests of the youth and, more generally, on the wave of mobilisation that was initiated in the following years.
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, considered as one of the founders of the theory of operaismo in the 1960s.
Biography
An active member of the Italian Communist PartyItalian Communist Party
The Italian Communist Party was a communist political party in Italy.The PCI was founded as Communist Party of Italy on 21 January 1921 in Livorno, by seceding from the Italian Socialist Party . Amadeo Bordiga and Antonio Gramsci led the split. Outlawed during the Fascist regime, the party played...
(PCI) during the 1950s he was, with Raniero Panzieri
Raniero Panzieri
Raniero Panzieri , Italian politician, writer and Marxist theoretician, considered as the founder of operaismo.- Biography :...
, amongst the founders of the Quaderni Rossi (Red Notebooks) review from which he split in 1963 to found the Classe Operaia (Working Class) review. This evolving journey progressively distanced him from the PCI, without ever formally leaving, and engaged him in the radical experiences of operaismo. Such an experiences, considered by many to be the matrix of the Italian New Left in the sixties, was characterised by challenging the roles of the traditional organisations of the workers' movement (the unions and the parties) and the direct engagement, without intermediaries, with the working class itself and to the struggles in the factories.
Influenced philosophically by the work of Galvano Della Volpe
Galvano Della Volpe
Galvano Della Volpe was an Italian professor of philosophy and Marxist theorist. In Italy, his work was seen by many as a 'scientific' alternative to the Gramscian Marxism which the PCI had claimed as its guide...
, which lead him to distance himself from the thinking of Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Gramsci was an Italian writer, politician, political philosopher, and linguist. He was a founding member and onetime leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime...
, or at least the official version promulgated by the PCI, Tronti dedicated himself to the formulation of a politics, basing theory on practice, which could renew traditional Marxism and contribute to re-opening the revolutionary road in the West.
Faced with mass revolt by Western workers in the sixties, Tronti's operaismo was able to propose a modern analysis of class relations and above all refocus attention of the subjective factor, claiming the central political role of the working class. His ideas found an echo in 1966, with the publication of Operai e capitale (Workers and Capital), a book which would exercise a notable influence on the protests of the youth and, more generally, on the wave of mobilisation that was initiated in the following years.
Publications
- Tra materialismo dialettico e filosofia della prassi. Gramsci e Labriola, in A. Caracciolo et G. Scalia (éd.), La città futura. Saggi sulla figura e il pensiero di Antonio Gramsci, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1959
- (éd.), Scritti inediti di economia politica di MarxKarl MarxKarl Heinrich Marx was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the socialist political movement...
, Editori Riuniti, Roma, 1963 - Operai e capitale, Einaudi, Torino, 1966 (DeriveApprodi, Roma, 2006)
- Hegel politico, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, Roma, 1975
- Sull'autonomia del politico, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1977
- Stato e rivoluzione in Inghilterra, Il Saggiatore, Milano, 1977
- (en collab. avec G. Napolitano, A. Accornero et M. Cacciari), Operaismo e centralità operaia, Editori Riuniti, Roma, 1978
- (éd.), Il politico. Antologia di testi del pensiero politico. 1 : Da Machiavelli a Cromwell, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1979
- Soggetti, crisi, potere, A. Piazzi et A. De Martinis (éd.), Cappelli, Bologna, 1980 ;
- Il tempo della politica, Editori Riuniti, Roma, 1980
- Con le spalle al futuro. Per un altro dizionario politico, Editori Riuniti, Roma, 1992 ;
- Berlinguer. Il Principe disarmato, Edizioni Sisifo, Roma, 1994
- La politica al tramonto, Einaudi, Torino, 1998
- Rileggendo « La libertà comunista », in G. Liguori (éd.), Galvano Della Volpe. Un altro marxismo, Edizioni Fahrenheit 451, Roma, 2000
- (éd. avec P. Favilli), Classe operaia. Le identità : storia e prospettiva, Angeli, Milano, 2001
- Cenni di Castella, Edizioni Cadmo, Fiesole, 2001
- Per la critica della democrazia politica, in M. Tari (éd.), Guerra e democrazia, ManifestoLibri, Roma, 2005
- Id. et al., Politica e destino, Sossella editore, Roma, 2006 (avec les contributions de divers auteurs sur la pensée de Mario Tronti)
External links
- http://multitudes.samizdat.net/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=544L'intégralité de l'ouvrage Ouvriers et Capital avec suppléments, sur le site de MultitudesMultitudesMultitudes is a French philosophical, political and artistic monthly journal founded in 2000 by Yann Moulier-Boutang. It is thematically situated in the theoretical framework of the seminal work Empire by Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt...
]. - « Storia e critica del concetto di democrazia » (intervention de M. Tronti, 29/1/2005), disponible aussi en fichier audio
- Site web italien pour la philosophie : Mario Tronti
- Conricerca-Futuro Anteriore
- Class Against Class (avec des textes de Tronti en anglais)
- « Antagonism and Insurrection in Italian "Operaismo" » (article de A. Toscano)
- « Lotta contro gli idoli » (intervention de M. Tronti pour Rai Educational, 27/2/2001)