Marian Kamil Dziewanowski
Encyclopedia
Marian Kamil Dziewanowski (May 1913, Zhytomyr
– 18 February 2005, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
) was a historian of Poland, Russia and modern Europe.
(now Ukraine
), Dziewanowski grew up and studied in interwar Poland at the Jagiellonian University
in Kraków
. In 1937–39 he was a foreign correspondent in Berlin, covering the Anschluss
with Austria
, the Munich Conference, and the German occupation of the Sudetenland
.
During the German invasion of Poland
, Dziewanowski served as a Polish cavalry platoon leader. Later he served in England as an instructor/interpreter at a school for paratroopers and saboteurs, as an editor of a secret radio station working with the resistance in Poland, as a BBC news
commentator, and, in Washington, as an aide to the Polish military attache. After the war, he chose to remain in exile rather than return to communist Poland.
He moved to the United States
, where at Harvard University
he earned one of the first postwar doctorates in Russian and East European history. He taught at Boston University
, where he attained the rank of professor
. From 1979 to 1984 he taught at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.
He authored many articles and books on 19th- and 20th-century Polish
and Russian
history. He wrote important works on the political ideas of Józef Piłsudski, the most prominent Polish politician of the interbellum, and of the great 19th-century Polish and Russian politician, Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski
.
Dziewanowski was a member of the Polish Academy of Learning
, headquartered in Kraków
.
Zhytomyr
Zhytomyr is a city in the North of the western half of Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zhytomyr Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Zhytomyr Raion...
– 18 February 2005, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Milwaukee is the largest city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, the 28th most populous city in the United States and 39th most populous region in the United States. It is the county seat of Milwaukee County and is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. According to 2010 census data, the...
) was a historian of Poland, Russia and modern Europe.
Life
Born in Zhytomir, Russian EmpireRussian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
(now Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
), Dziewanowski grew up and studied in interwar Poland at the Jagiellonian University
Jagiellonian University
The Jagiellonian University was established in 1364 by Casimir III the Great in Kazimierz . It is the oldest university in Poland, the second oldest university in Central Europe and one of the oldest universities in the world....
in Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
. In 1937–39 he was a foreign correspondent in Berlin, covering the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
with Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, the Munich Conference, and the German occupation of the Sudetenland
Sudetenland
Sudetenland is the German name used in English in the first half of the 20th century for the northern, southwest and western regions of Czechoslovakia inhabited mostly by ethnic Germans, specifically the border areas of Bohemia, Moravia, and those parts of Silesia being within Czechoslovakia.The...
.
During the German invasion of Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, Dziewanowski served as a Polish cavalry platoon leader. Later he served in England as an instructor/interpreter at a school for paratroopers and saboteurs, as an editor of a secret radio station working with the resistance in Poland, as a BBC news
BBC News
BBC News is the department of the British Broadcasting Corporation responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs. The department is the world's largest broadcast news organisation and generates about 120 hours of radio and television output each day, as well as online...
commentator, and, in Washington, as an aide to the Polish military attache. After the war, he chose to remain in exile rather than return to communist Poland.
He moved to the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, where at Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
he earned one of the first postwar doctorates in Russian and East European history. He taught at Boston University
Boston University
Boston University is a private research university located in Boston, Massachusetts. With more than 4,000 faculty members and more than 31,000 students, Boston University is one of the largest private universities in the United States and one of Boston's largest employers...
, where he attained the rank of professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
. From 1979 to 1984 he taught at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.
He authored many articles and books on 19th- and 20th-century Polish
History of Poland
The History of Poland is rooted in the arrival of the Slavs, who gave rise to permanent settlement and historic development on Polish lands. During the Piast dynasty Christianity was adopted in 966 and medieval monarchy established...
and Russian
History of Russia
The history of Russia begins with that of the Eastern Slavs and the Finno-Ugric peoples. The state of Garðaríki , which was centered in Novgorod and included the entire areas inhabited by Ilmen Slavs, Veps and Votes, was established by the Varangian chieftain Rurik in 862...
history. He wrote important works on the political ideas of Józef Piłsudski, the most prominent Polish politician of the interbellum, and of the great 19th-century Polish and Russian politician, Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski
Adam Jerzy Czartoryski
Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski was a Polish-Lithuanian noble, statesman and author. He was the son of Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski and Izabela Fleming....
.
Dziewanowski was a member of the Polish Academy of Learning
Polish Academy of Learning
The Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences or Polish Academy of Learning , headquartered in Kraków, is one of two institutions in contemporary Poland having the nature of an academy of sciences....
, headquartered in Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
.
Works
- Russia in the Twentieth Century
- Poland in the Twentieth Century
- A History of Soviet Russia and Its Aftermath
- War At Any Price: World War II In Europe, 1939-1945
- Communist Party of Poland: An Outline History
- Alexander I: Russia's Mysterious Tsar
- The Revolution of 1904-1905 and the Marxist Movement of Poland
- Pilsudski's Federal Policy, 1919-1921
- Joseph Pilsudski: A European Federalist, 1918-1922
- Czartoryski and His Essai sur la diplomatie